基于内嵌Tomcat的应用开发

为什么使用内嵌Tomcat开发?

    开发人员无需搭建Tomcat的环境就可以使用内嵌式Tomcat进行开发，减少搭建J2EE容器环境的时间和开发时容器频繁启动所花时间，提高开发的效率.



怎么搭建内嵌Tomcat环境呢？(以tomcat6和tomcat7为例)

在开发工程（xxxx）的根目录下新建以下的目录：

xxxx/Embedded/conf

xxxx/Embedded/lib

xxxx/Embedded/webapps

xxxx/Embedded/work



apache-tomcat-6.0.32

apache官方只提供了apache-tomcat5和apache-tomcat7的内嵌版本，apache-tomcat6是没有的，但我们同样可以提供内嵌版本。

1. 将apache-tomcat-6.0.32\lib下所有的jar包拷到xxxx/Embedded/lib下



•annotations-api.jar
•catalina.jar
•catalina-ant.jar
•catalina-ha.jar
•catalina-tribes.jar
•ecj-3.3.1.jar
•el-api.jar
•jasper.jar
•jasper-el.jar
•jsp-api.jar
•servlet-api.jar
•tomcat-coyote.jar
•tomcat-dbcp.jar
•tomcat-i18n-es.jar
•tomcat-i18n-fr.jar
•tomcat-i18n-ja.jar
2.将apache-tomcat-6.0.32\bin下的tomcat-juli.jar包拷到xxxx/Embedded/lib下。
3.将JDK安装目录下的lib中的tools.jar包拷到xxxx/Embedded/lib下。
4.将apache-tomcat-6.0.32\conf下的context.xml和web.xml文件拷贝到xxxx/Embedded/conf下。
5.将xxxx/Embedded/lib下的所有Jar包都加到工程的classpath下。
6.在工程中新建EmbeddedTomcat类，该类代码如下：

public class EmbeddedTomcat {
	private static String CONTEXT_PATH = "/TestForTomcat6";
	private static String PROJECT_PATH = System.getProperty("user.dir");
	private static String WEB_APP_PATH = PROJECT_PATH + File.separatorChar + "WebRoot";
	private static String TOMCAT_HOME = PROJECT_PATH + File.separatorChar + "Embedded" + File.separatorChar + "Tomcat";
	private static String ENCODING = "UTF-8";
	private static int TOMCAT_PORT = 9080;

	// 开始嵌入式Tomcat服务器
	public static void startTomcat() throws Exception {
		try {
			long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
			Embedded tomcat = new Embedded();
			// 设置Tomcat的工作目录:工程根目录/Embedded/Tomcat
			tomcat.setCatalinaHome(TOMCAT_HOME);
			System.out.println("TOMCAT_HOME:" + TOMCAT_HOME);
			
			// 产生Tomcat引擎
			Engine engine = tomcat.createEngine();
			//"localhost"对应的是work下的"Catalina"
			engine.setName("Catalina");
			
			//创建Host，设置Host的工作目录
			Host host = tomcat.createHost("localhost", tomcat.getCatalinaHome());
			host.setAutoDeploy(true);
			
			//把Host加入Engine
			engine.addChild(host);
			engine.setDefaultHost(host.getName());
			
			//创建Context，并加入Host中
			Context context = null;
			context = tomcat.createContext(CONTEXT_PATH, WEB_APP_PATH);
			
			host.addChild(context);
            host.addChild(tomcat.createContext("", ""));
			if (!new File(WEB_APP_PATH).exists()) {
				System.err.println("请检查应用的目录以及相关资源是否存在.");
			}
			tomcat.addEngine(engine);
			
			Connector connector = tomcat.createConnector((java.net.InetAddress) null, TOMCAT_PORT, false);
			connector.setURIEncoding(ENCODING);
			connector.setUseBodyEncodingForURI(true);
			tomcat.addConnector(connector);
			AprLifecycleListener listener = new AprLifecycleListener();
			tomcat.addLifecycleListener(listener);
			tomcat.start();
			//停住一个小时(3600秒)
			Thread.sleep(3600000);
			tomcat.stop();
			System.err.println("Tomcat started in " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime) + " ms.");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		try {
			EmbeddedTomcat.startTomcat();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} 
	}


}

 

apache-tomcat-7.0.22

 

1.请先到apache－tomcat官方网站下载apache-tomcat-7.0.23-embed内嵌版本，解压后将apache-tomcat-7.0.23-embed下的所有jar包拷贝到xxxx/Embedded/lib下，具体的jar如下：

• ecj-3.7.jar
• tomcat-dbcp.jar
• tomcat-embed-core.jar
• tomcat-embed-jasper.jar
• tomcat-embed-logging-juli.jar
• tomcat-embed-logging-log4j.jar

2.将apache-tomcat-7.0.23/ conf下的context.xml和web.xml文件拷贝到xxxx/Embedded/conf下。

3.将xxxx/Embedded/lib下的所有Jar包都加到工程的classpath下。

4.在工程中新建EmbeddedTomcat类，该类代码如下：

public class EmbededTomcat {
	private final Log log=LogFactory.getLog(getClass());
	private static String CONTEXT_PATH = "/TestForTomcat7";
	private static String PROJECT_PATH = System.getProperty("user.dir");
	private static String WEB_APP_PATH = PROJECT_PATH + File.separatorChar + "WebRoot";
	private static String CATALINA_HOME = PROJECT_PATH + "/Embedded/Tomcat";
	private Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
    private int port;
	
    public EmbededTomcat(int port){
        this.port=port;
    }
    
	public void start()throws Exception{
		tomcat.setPort(port);
		tomcat.setBaseDir(CATALINA_HOME);
		tomcat.getHost().setAppBase(WEB_APP_PATH);
		try{
			StandardServer server = (StandardServer)tomcat.getServer();
		    AprLifecycleListener listener = new AprLifecycleListener();
		    server.addLifecycleListener(listener);
			tomcat.addWebapp(CONTEXT_PATH, WEB_APP_PATH);
		}catch(ServletException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
			log.error(e.getMessage());
			throw e;
		}
		try{
			tomcat.start();
			tomcat.getServer().await();
		}catch(LifecycleException e){
			e.printStackTrace();
			log.error(e.getMessage());
			throw e;
		}
		log.info("Tomcat started.");
	}
	
	public void stop()throws Exception{
            try{
                tomcat.stop();
            }
            catch(LifecycleException ex){
                ex.printStackTrace();
                log.error(ex.getMessage());
                throw ex;
            }
            log.info("Tomcat stoped");
	}
        
    public void setPort(int port){
        this.port=port;
    }
    public int getPort(){
        return this.port;
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    	EmbededTomcat embededTomcat = new EmbededTomcat(7080);
    	embededTomcat.start();
	}
}