Mac anaconda OpenCV环境配置

Mac anaconda|Miniconda OpenCV环境配置

Mac本来就是小众系统，专门拿Mac来码代码就更少了。这就造成了网上对一些环境的配置的教程很少。然后开源的库配置起来简直就是坑啊，巨坑。不说了，说多了都是泪。只是希望本篇文章能给Mac“玩家”带来一些方便。

总的环境

• 系统版本：macOS Sierra 10.12.6
• Python版本 ：Python 2.7.13
• conda版本：conda 4.3.22

---

• 选择的OpenCV版本：opencv 3.1.0（这很重要，我就是因为选择了opencv2.4，还有opencv3.2的版本始终依赖缺失）

1.选择一个国内的镜像

• 原因：河蟹神兽实在太厉害了，选择conda的默认镜像网站下载，不仅仅是慢的问题，而且经常出现断流，直接报错中断下载了。
  假如你出现了conda、 http、 error等单词在终端的报错内容里出现，请换一个镜像网站。

• 推荐：清华大学开源软件镜像站
  清华大学的镜像站不止有anaconda的库，还有常见的Ubuntu之类的，实在太好用了。安利一波~~~~
  不知道为什么，清华维护的Conda 三方源反而下载opencv的速度更快。
  推荐使用一下代码添加镜像网站：

conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/

2.测试一下镜像速度

• 运行conda install numpy
  以下是测试结果：

zhangdeMacBook-Air:~ zhang$ conda install numpy
Fetching package metadata .......
Solving package specifications: .

Package plan for installation in environment /Users/zhang/miniconda2:

The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:

    mkl:       2017.0.3-0    https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free
    numpy:     1.13.1-py27_0 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free

The following packages will be UPDATED:

    conda:     4.3.21-py27_0 defaults                                                --> 4.3.22-py27_0 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free

The following packages will be SUPERSEDED by a higher-priority channel:

    conda-env: 2.6.0-0       defaults                                                --> 2.6.0-0       https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free

Proceed ([y]/n)? y

conda-env-2.6. 100% |################################| Time: 0:00:00  62.22 kB/s
mkl-2017.0.3-0 100% |################################| Time: 0:01:10   1.65 MB/s
numpy-1.13.1-p 100% |################################| Time: 0:00:01   2.73 MB/s
conda-4.3.22-p 100% |################################| Time: 0:00:00   2.71 MB/s
zhangdeMacBook-Air:~ zhang$ conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/
zhangdeMacBook-Air:~ zhang$ conda install pandas
Fetching package metadata .......
Solving package specifications: .

Package plan for installation in environment /Users/zhang/miniconda2:

The following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:

    pandas:          0.20.3-py27_1 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
    python-dateutil: 2.6.1-py27_0  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
    pytz:            2017.2-py27_0 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge

The following packages will be SUPERSEDED by a higher-priority channel:

    conda:           4.3.22-py27_0 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free         --> 4.3.22-py27_0 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
    conda-env:       2.6.0-0       https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free         --> 2.6.0-0       https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge

Proceed ([y]/n)? y

conda-env-2.6. 100% |################################| Time: 0:00:00 110.49 kB/s
pytz-2017.2-py 100% |################################| Time: 0:00:00   1.83 MB/s
python-dateuti 100% |################################| Time: 0:00:00   2.12 MB/s
pandas-0.20.3- 100% |################################| Time: 0:00:04   2.41 MB/s
conda-4.3.22-p 100% |################################| Time: 0:00:00   2.26 MB/s

3. conda安装opencv

1. 尝试使用conda install opencv 安装
   默认安装的是opencv 3.2.0
   结果：安装成功了？？？？
2. 进入Python界面看看
   
   • 使用ipython， 进入增强版Python交互界面
   • 使用 import cv2导入 opencv的模块
   • 显然失败了
     我也试图用其他工具例如homebrew安装，无一例外都失败了。也许3.2.0有什么bug吧。

zhangdeMacBook-Air:~ zhang$ ipython
Python 2.7.13 |Continuum Analytics, Inc.| (default, Dec 20 2016, 23:05:08) 
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

IPython 5.4.1 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
?         -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help      -> Python's own help system.
object?   -> Details about 'object', use 'object??' for extra details.

In [1]: import cv2
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ImportError                               Traceback (most recent call last)
1-72fbbcfe2587> in ()
----> 1 import cv2

ImportError: dlopen(/Users/zhang/miniconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cv2.so, 2): Library not loaded: @rpath/libopenblasp-r0.2.19.dylib
  Referenced from: /Users/zhang/miniconda2/lib/libopencv_hdf.3.2.0.dylib
  Reason: image not found

3.使用 conda install opencv=3.1.0 安装
看看结果：

zhangdeMacBook-Air:~ zhang$ conda install opencv=3.1.0
Fetching package metadata .......
Solving package specifications: .

Package plan for installation in environment /Users/zhang/miniconda2:

The following packages will be DOWNGRADED:

    opencv: 3.2.0-np112py27_0 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge --> 3.1.0-np112py27_1 https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge

Proceed ([y]/n)? y

opencv-3.1.0-n 100% |################################| Time: 0:00:15   2.51 MB/s

• 显然又一次成功安装了，再来看看Python能否导入

zhangdeMacBook-Air:~ zhang$ ipython
Python 2.7.13 |Continuum Analytics, Inc.| (default, Dec 20 2016, 23:05:08) 
Type "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

IPython 5.4.1 -- An enhanced Interactive Python.
?         -> Introduction and overview of IPython's features.
%quickref -> Quick reference.
help      -> Python's own help system.
object?   -> Details about 'object', use 'object??' for extra details.

In [1]: import cv2

In [2]: exit

• 命令import cv2 导入opencv成功

4.总结一下

命令如下：

#为了加快下载速度使用清华的镜像
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/
#最新版3.2.0有毒啊，只能3.1.0
conda install opencv=3.1.0