windows10 64位安装oracle 12C PL/SQL登录ora-12514:tns:could not resolve the connect identifier specified

安装过程很顺利，但是使用PLSQL登录就发现出现很多问题，对于ora-12514 度娘上面很多解决方法不能解决问题，特把自己安装及处理方法写一遍，觉得有用可以参考，无用勿喷。。。。

1.oracle12C  下载

下载路径http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html

 文件：winx64_12102_database_1of2.zip和winx64_12102_database_2of2.zip 统一解压到一个文件夹中，然后直接安装即可

2. oracle 客户端下载

下载路径http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/database-technologies/instant-client/downloads/index.html

文件：instantclient-basic-nt-12.2.0.1.0.zip ；解压到oracle 安装路径，比如：D:\app\welcome\product\12.1.0\dbhome_1

文件夹下面即可

3.tns等文件配置，路径：D:\app\welcome\product\12.1.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN，清参考自己安装路径

1）listener.ora 配置

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: D:\app\welcome\product\12.1.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)
      (ORACLE_HOME = D:\app\welcome\product\12.1.0\dbhome_1)
      (PROGRAM = extproc)
      (ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:D:\app\welcome\product\12.1.0\dbhome_1\bin\oraclr12.dll")
    )
(SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = ORCL)
      (ORACLE_HOME = D:\app\welcome\product\12.1.0\dbhome_1)
      (SID_NAME = orcl)
    )
  )
LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = LAPTOP-SDJVOB3L)(PORT = 1521))
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )

  )

2）sqlnet.ora 配置

# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: D:\app\welcome\product\12.1.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
# This file is actually generated by netca. But if customers choose to 
# install "Software Only", this file wont exist and without the native 
# authentication, they will not be able to connect to the database on NT.
SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)

3）tnsnames.ora 配置

#tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: D:\app\welcome\product\12.1.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
ORACLR_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = CLRExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )
ORCL =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = LAPTOP-SDJVOB3L)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
    )

  )

----------------------------------host 指计算机名称或IP地址---------------------

4.配置环境变量

变量名：ORACLE_HOME

值：D:\app\welcome\product\12.1.0\dbhome_1

针对可能出现中文乱码配置，保持与数据库或注册表一致即可

变量名：NLS_LANG

值：SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK

5.PL/SQL安装，安装过程省略，登录页面如下：

点击取消进入操作窗口，PLSQL配置（工具-首选项-连接），如下图所示：

第4步 主目录配置

oracle服务端安装路径，比如：D:\app\welcome\product\12.1.0\dbhome_1

第5步 客户端安装路径对应的oci.dll，注意不是服务端oci.dll,默认是服务端，需要改成客户端的oci.dll

 比如：D:\app\welcome\product\12.1.0\instantclient_12_2\oci.dll

配置后页面如下图：

6 配置完成，重启监听服务，点击我的电脑>管理>服务；找到oracle 监听重启即可，登录PL/SQL ，如下图所示：

与之前比较多了个连接为，说明配置成功。