五种Spring事务配置的方式

前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究,在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过,但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清,还是比较好掌握的。

Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分,分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分,无论哪种配置方式,一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化,比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时,DataSource实际为SessionFactory,TransactionManager的实现为HibernateTransactionManager。

根据代理机制的不同,总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式,配置文件如下:

第一种方式:每个Bean都有一个代理

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xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< beans  xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
     < bean  id = "sessionFactory"  
             class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >  
         < property  name = "configLocation"  value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"  />  
         < property  name = "configurationClass"  value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"  />
     bean >  
       
     < bean  id = "transactionManager"
         class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
         < property  name = "sessionFactory"  ref = "sessionFactory"  />
     bean >
     
    
     < bean  id = "userDaoTarget"  class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >
         < property  name = "sessionFactory"  ref = "sessionFactory"  />
     bean >
     
     < bean  id = "userDao"  
         class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" >  
              
            < property  name = "transactionManager"  ref = "transactionManager"  />     
         < property  name = "target"  ref = "userDaoTarget"  />  
          < property  name = "proxyInterfaces"  value = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao"  />
           
         < property  name = "transactionAttributes" >  
             < props >  
                 < prop  key = "*" >PROPAGATION_REQUIRED prop >
             props >  
         property >  
     bean >  
beans >

第二种方式:所有Bean共享一个代理基类

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xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< beans  xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
     < bean  id = "sessionFactory"  
             class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >  
         < property  name = "configLocation"  value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"  />  
         < property  name = "configurationClass"  value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"  />
     bean >  
       
     < bean  id = "transactionManager"
         class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
         < property  name = "sessionFactory"  ref = "sessionFactory"  />
     bean >
     
     < bean  id = "transactionBase"  
             class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"  
             lazy-init = "true"  abstract = "true" >  
           
         < property  name = "transactionManager"  ref = "transactionManager"  />  
           
         < property  name = "transactionAttributes" >  
             < props >  
                 < prop  key = "*" >PROPAGATION_REQUIRED prop >  
             props >  
         property >  
     bean >    
    
    
     < bean  id = "userDaoTarget"  class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >
         < property  name = "sessionFactory"  ref = "sessionFactory"  />
     bean >
     
     < bean  id = "userDao"  parent = "transactionBase"  >  
         < property  name = "target"  ref = "userDaoTarget"  />   
     bean >
beans >

第三种方式:使用拦截器

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xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< beans  xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">
     < bean  id = "sessionFactory"  
             class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >  
         < property  name = "configLocation"  value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"  />  
         < property  name = "configurationClass"  value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"  />
     bean >  
       
     < bean  id = "transactionManager"
         class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
         < property  name = "sessionFactory"  ref = "sessionFactory"  />
     bean
    
     < bean  id = "transactionInterceptor"  
         class = "org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor" >  
         < property  name = "transactionManager"  ref = "transactionManager"  />  
           
         < property  name = "transactionAttributes" >  
             < props >  
                 < prop  key = "*" >PROPAGATION_REQUIRED prop >  
             props >  
         property >  
     bean >
       
     < bean  class = "org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator" >  
         < property  name = "beanNames" >  
             < list >  
                 < value >*Dao value >
             list >  
         property >  
         < property  name = "interceptorNames" >  
             < list >  
                 < value >transactionInterceptor value >  
             list >  
         property >  
     bean >  
   
    
     < bean  id = "userDao"  class = "com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl" >
         < property  name = "sessionFactory"  ref = "sessionFactory"  />
     bean >
beans >

第四种方式:使用tx标签配置的拦截器

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xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< beans  xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
     xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
     < context:annotation-config  />
     < context:component-scan  base-package = "com.bluesky"  />
     < bean  id = "sessionFactory"  
             class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >  
         < property  name = "configLocation"  value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"  />  
         < property  name = "configurationClass"  value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"  />
     bean >  
       
     < bean  id = "transactionManager"
         class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
         < property  name = "sessionFactory"  ref = "sessionFactory"  />
     bean >
     < tx:advice  id = "txAdvice"  transaction-manager = "transactionManager" >
         < tx:attributes >
             < tx:method  name = "*"  propagation = "REQUIRED"  />
         tx:attributes >
     tx:advice >
     
     < aop:config >
         < aop:pointcut  id = "interceptorPointCuts"
             expression = "execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))"  />
         < aop:advisor  advice-ref = "txAdvice"
             pointcut-ref = "interceptorPointCuts"  />        
     aop:config >      
beans >

第五种方式:全注解

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xml  version = "1.0"  encoding = "UTF-8" ?>
< beans  xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
     xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
     xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
     xmlns:tx = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">
     < context:annotation-config  />
     < context:component-scan  base-package = "com.bluesky"  />
     < tx:annotation-driven  transaction-manager = "transactionManager" />
     < bean  id = "sessionFactory"  
             class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean" >  
         < property  name = "configLocation"  value = "classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"  />  
         < property  name = "configurationClass"  value = "org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration"  />
     bean >  
       
     < bean  id = "transactionManager"
         class = "org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager" >
         < property  name = "sessionFactory"  ref = "sessionFactory"  />
     bean >
     
beans >

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解,如下:

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package  com.bluesky.spring.dao;
import  java.util.List;
import  org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import  org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import  org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import  org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import  com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;
@Transactional
@Component ( "userDao" )
public  class  UserDaoImpl  extends  HibernateDaoSupport  implements  UserDao {
     public  List listUsers() {
         return  this .getSession().createQuery( "from User" ).list();
     }
     
}
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