gvim常用操作整理
效率，效率，效率！！！
首先说下vi、vim、gvim的关系，vi是Linux OS的文本编辑器，vim是vi improced，gvim是GUI of vi。gvim支持两种模式：editing and command mode。还有.vim是gvim的highlight word file，.vimrc是configuration file of VI。vi和vim打开和编辑文件都是在terminal上进行，gvim会打开GUI界面进行编辑，不占用terminal，更方便处理文件。
基本命令：
：i →go to editing mode
esc→go to command mode
：w→write into the file(save)
：q→quit vi
：q！→force to quit and abort the modification
：wq→save and quit
移动光标命令：
h|j|k|l：h(left)|j(down)|k(up)|l(right)
：w→move forward one word ， 前面加n，即nw移动n word
：b→move backward one word， 前面加n，即nb移动n word
：$→move to the end of a line
：^→move to the beginning of a line
：gg→go to the first line
：G→go to the last line
：nG→go to the n line， 使用n+gg也可以达到目的
：set nu：set number line
：set nonu
CTRL+G：display the total number of lines
CTRL+U：page up
CTRL+D：page down
删除、复制、粘贴 ：
d=delete, y=copy, p=paste
dd：delete a line eg. 5dd
dw： delete a word eg. d3w
d0：delete to begin of line
d$：delete to end of line
yy：copy a line et. 5yy
yw：copy a word
y0：copy to begin of line
y$：copy to end of line
Y：copy a line
：5,10y ：copy 5 ~ 10 line
：,10y ： copy cursor ~ 10 line
：5,y ：copy 5 ~ cursor line
：p：paste
：. : rpeat last operation
：x : delete a character eg. 3x
撤销编辑：
：u|U : undo | redo(好像不行)
：CTRL+R : need the modification，和u有点相反的意思
插入光标：
：a|A : a is enter the cursor after the current character，A is enter the cursor after the end of a line
：i|I : i is enter the cursor before the current character，A is enter the cursor before the begin of a line
：o|O : o is input one new line under the current line，O is input one new line up the current line
查询：
：/pattern : go to the pattern
: n|N
:?pattern :go to the pattern
: n|N
SHIFT + * : match the word marked cursor
：number_line : go to the number line
gg
gd：select current word
gf：go to current file path
替换：
：r|R : replace
：%s/x/y/g : x change to y all of them
：s/x/y/g : x change to y on the current line
：n,ms/x/y/g :x change to y on the n to m line
特别操作：
：sp : splite horizontally ; put some files into one terminal
：vsp : visual splite vertically
CRTL + WW : change file in split command，在file之间跳转
：q or ZZ : quit a splite file
CRTL + V : visual mode
SHIFT + i : insert mode for editing
SHIFT + a : insert mode for editing
ESC ：Mactch visual mode
CRTL + O : return the original file
J ：Merge the under line and the current line eg. 3J
~ ：change case-sensitive character