对vim/gvim进行启动精简的探讨.
前言:
用了很久的vim, 插件装得越来越多, 输入vim/gvim后打开项目越来越慢? 这个时候我们有必要引入一些方法来精简vim了.
导致vim变慢的情况, 需要具体分析一下. 是不是在不久前装了几款插件后, 发现启动gtk的vim卡了不少? 打开单行超过80字符的时候非常卡?
vim启动的时候有一个参数, --startuptime 我们可以利用它来查看启动加载.
#gvim --startuptime 'time.txt'
然后打开当前目录下的time.txt 这个文件, 就是下面的这个文件. 左边第一列 A 是总耗时, 单位是微秒, 以 . 隔开, 比如 438.809 表示的是0.438809秒 , 第二列 B 是 该步骤加载耗时, 第三列 C 是该步骤加载完耗时, 第四列 D 是来源.
times in msec
clock self+sourced self: sourced script
clock elapsed: other lines
A B C D
000.011 000.011: --- VIM STARTING ---
000.156 000.145: Allocated generic buffers
000.235 000.079: locale set
000.254 000.019: GUI prepared
000.258 000.004: clipboard setup
000.268 000.010: window checked
000.893 000.625: inits 1
000.921 000.028: parsing arguments
000.925 000.004: expanding arguments
000.938 000.013: shell init
001.192 000.254: Termcap init
001.231 000.039: inits 2
001.331 000.100: init highlight
015.966 000.046 000.046: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/autoload/paste.vim
024.677 009.375 009.329: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/menu.vim
024.737 023.248 013.873: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/filetype.vim
024.821 000.015 000.015: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/filetype.vim
024.918 000.057 000.057: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/ftplugin.vim
024.973 000.013 000.013: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/filetype.vim
025.058 000.047 000.047: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/indent.vim
025.113 000.013 000.013: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/filetype.vim
025.162 000.013 000.013: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/ftplugin.vim
025.208 000.012 000.012: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/indent.vim
025.982 000.268 000.268: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/delmenu.vim
026.996 000.732 000.732: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/lang/menu_zh_cn.utf-8.vim
040.745 014.666 013.934: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/menu.vim
041.243 000.344 000.344: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/colors/desert.vim
041.542 000.261 000.261: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/colors/desert.vim
041.967 000.183 000.183: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/syncolor.vim
042.211 000.155 000.155: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/syncolor.vim
042.353 000.688 000.350: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/colors/desert.vim
042.456 000.830 000.142: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/synload.vim
042.491 000.903 000.073: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/syntax.vim
042.761 000.200 000.200: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/nosyntax.vim
043.140 000.159 000.159: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/syncolor.vim
043.396 000.160 000.160: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/syncolor.vim
043.540 000.696 000.377: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/colors/desert.vim
043.638 000.834 000.138: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/synload.vim
043.682 001.155 000.121: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/syntax.vim
045.988 000.449 000.449: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/javascript.vim
049.264 003.119 003.119: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/vb.vim
050.719 001.329 001.329: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/css.vim
051.168 006.383 001.486: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/html.vim
051.518 000.207 000.207: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/sqloracle.vim
051.528 000.277 000.070: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/sql.vim
054.714 010.014 003.354: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/syntax/php.vim
056.148 054.779 003.750: sourcing $VIM/vimrc
056.180 000.070: sourcing vimrc file(s)
089.372 032.824 032.824: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/EasyGrep.vim
089.810 000.342 000.342: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/autoload/EasyMotion.vim
091.358 001.935 001.593: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/EasyMotion.vim
094.438 003.051 003.051: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/NERD_tree.vim
095.425 000.274 000.274: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/autoload/acp.vim
095.628 001.153 000.879: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/acp.vim
095.776 000.124 000.124: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/authorinfo.vim
096.881 001.078 001.078: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/bufexplorer.vim
097.771 000.859 000.859: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/calendar.vim
098.011 000.212 000.212: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/closetag.vim
106.485 008.451 008.451: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/colorizer.vim
107.131 000.306 000.306: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/autoload/colorv/data.vim
135.301 000.204 000.204: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/autoload/colorv/mark.vim
135.421 000.076 000.076: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/autoload/colorv/cache.vim
136.253 000.660 000.660: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/autoload/colorv/scheme.vim
136.487 029.797 028.551: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/autoload/colorv.vim
138.182 031.660 001.863: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/colorv.vim
138.352 000.135 000.135: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/csExplorer.vim
138.918 000.405 000.405: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/autoload/ctrlp/mrufiles.vim
139.077 000.703 000.298: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/ctrlp.vim
139.180 000.081 000.081: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/getscriptPlugin.vim
139.949 000.748 000.748: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/grep.vim
140.169 000.197 000.197: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/gzip.vim
140.902 000.712 000.712: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/matchit.vim
141.095 000.169 000.169: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/matchparen.vim
142.512 001.394 001.394: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/minibufexpl.vim
145.397 002.862 002.862: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/mru.vim
150.262 004.828 004.828: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/multisearch.vim
150.751 000.460 000.460: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/netrwPlugin.vim
150.817 000.039 000.039: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/rrhelper.vim
150.870 000.032 000.032: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/spellfile.vim
151.016 000.126 000.126: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/statusline.vim
151.555 000.516 000.516: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/surround.vim
152.075 000.493 000.493: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/taglist.vim
152.279 000.177 000.177: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/tarPlugin.vim
152.371 000.068 000.068: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/tohtml.vim
152.415 000.023 000.023: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/txt.vim
152.595 000.157 000.157: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/vimballPlugin.vim
152.640 000.019 000.019: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/vimcdoc.vim
153.554 000.886 000.886: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/winfileexplorer.vim
154.417 000.832 000.832: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/winmanager.vim
154.725 000.280 000.280: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/wintagexplorer.vim
156.538 001.788 001.788: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/zencoding.vim
156.762 000.193 000.193: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/plugin/zipPlugin.vim
156.787 001.342: loading plugins
156.797 000.010: inits 3
169.794 001.861 001.861: sourcing $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim
170.075 000.202 000.202: sourcing $VIM/gvimrc
411.511 252.651: starting GUI
412.239 000.728: reading viminfo
412.594 000.355: GUI delay
412.598 000.004: setting raw mode
412.599 000.001: start termcap
412.637 000.038: clearing screen
419.274 000.701 000.701: sourcing /usr/share/vim/vim74/scripts.vim
420.916 007.578: opening buffers
421.829 000.913: BufEnter autocommands
421.831 000.002: editing files in windows
425.198 003.367: VimEnter autocommands
425.202 000.004: before starting main loop
433.756 008.554: first screen update
433.759 000.003: --- VIM STARTED ---
现在开始作实验:
首先是针对GUI, 我们使用vim 来代替刚才的启动, 可以得到结果, 没有GUI这项后启动时间大幅缩减. 结论, 没有gui的vim目前是最快的.
143.895 000.018: inits 3
144.595 000.700: reading viminfo
149.386 004.791: setup clipboard
149.420 000.034: setting raw mode
149.431 000.011: start termcap
149.468 000.037: clearing screen
150.476 001.008: opening buffers
151.790 001.314: BufEnter autocommands
151.794 000.004: editing files in windows
186.932 035.138: VimEnter autocommands
186.936 000.004: before starting main loop
188.833 001.897: first screen update
188.835 000.002: --- VIM STARTED ---
针对filetype, menu 这几个功能上的选项, 因为是功能上的, 如果精简掉, 会导致我们想要的vim的功能上的缺失. 所以是去是留看个人了.
针对插件, 直接删除掉即可. 如果不是必须的, 也可以重写插件.
针对vimrc文件的加载时间. 可以通过优化内容, 压缩空行, 压缩注释来实现. 我的vimrc 之前有1600行. 现在删除一些配置, 注释, 压缩到830行, 加载时间在3750微秒减少到了3254微秒.实际发现效果不明显.
055.359 054.415 003.254: sourcing $VIM/vimrc
055.391 000.073: sourcing vimrc file(s)
结论:
vim本身具有非常强大的功能, 非常高效的编辑效率, 通过一些插件, 我们可以更好的使用它, 熟悉它. 如果不是必要, 完全不需要把vim打造成一个全能的工具, 毕竟术业有专攻, 既然咖啡机可以煮咖啡, 为什么要emacs来煮. 精简删除掉一些不必要的插件, 提高vim的启动效率, 提高vim的稳定性, 进而提高编码效率, 这也不失为一个好的途径.