配置数据库监听白名单

一、背景：
    2020年伊始，我们的工作中多了一个词"护网行动"，之前闻所未闻；这是一个从国家层面提出的安全概念，目的是为了保障信息安全。各个组织机构会定期组织安防演练。咱们数据库层面为了应对这次安防演练也提出了自己的思想，数据库白名单策略限制非法设备对数据库进行访问。这是这次配置监听白名单的整个背景。

二、技术策略：
编辑sqlnet.ora文件

    #开启ip限制功能

    tcp.validnode_checking=yes

    
    #允许访问数据库的IP地址列表，多个IP地址使用逗号分开

    tcp.invited_nodes=(192.168.1.5，192.168.1.6，10.10.10.2)

    
    #禁止访问数据库的IP地址列表，多个IP地址使用逗号分开

    tcp.excluded_nodes=(192.168.1.1，10.10.10.1)

注：
1、需要重启监听器生效。
2、这个方式只是适合TCP协议，适用于9i以上版本。在9i之前的版本使用文件protocol.ora。
3、第二行和第三行任写一行即可，如果tcp.invited_nodes与tcp.excluded_nodes都存在，以tcp.invited_nodes为主。
4、不要禁止服务器本机的IP地址，否则通过lsnrctl将不能启动或停止监听，因为该过程监听程序会通过本机的IP访问监听器。三、操作步骤
    3.1 从监听日志中获取层级访问的设备地址：

grep HOST listener.log |awk -F 'HOST=' '{print $3}' |awk '{print  $1}' |awk -F ')' '{print $1}' |grep -v jdbc|sort|uniq |wc -l && grep HOST listener.log |awk -F 'HOST=' '{print $3}' |awk '{print  $1}' |awk -F ')' '{print $1}' |grep -v jdbc|sort|uniq

5

192.168.1.1
192.168.1.2
192.168.1.3
192.168.1.4
192.168.1.71

    3.2 地址格式化

tr -s "\n" "," 

    3.3 编辑sqlnet.ora

[oracle@TestDB/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin]$cat sqlnet.ora 
tcp.validnode_checking=yes
tcp.invited_nodes=(192.168.1.1,192.168.1.2,192.168.1.3,192.168.1.4,192.168.1.71)

    3.4 关闭监听

[oracle@TestDB/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin]$lsnrctl stop

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-JUL-2020 19:30:20

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=TestDB)(PORT=1521)))
The command completed successfully

    3.5 重新启动监听

[oracle@TestDB/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin]$lsnrctl start

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-JUL-2020 19:30:25

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/TestDB/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=TestDB)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=TestDB)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date                28-JUL-2020 19:30:25
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/TestDB/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=TestDB)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully

    3.6 手工注册监听

[oracle@TestDB/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin]$sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Jul 28 19:30:29 2020

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> alter system register;

System altered.

SQL> !lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on 28-JUL-2020 19:30:36

Copyright (c) 1991, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=TestDB)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production
Start Date                28-JUL-2020 19:30:25
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 11 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Listener Parameter File   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/TestDB/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=TestDB)(PORT=1521)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "ORCL" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "ORCL1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "ORCL1XDB" has 1 instance(s).
The command completed successfully