oracle 11G ORA-03113 ORA-19815错误

oracle11.2.0.3 安装在linux 6.3上，发现数据库连不上。

通过sqlplus连接数据库，startup启动报ORA-03113错误

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area  3641094144  bytes
Fixed Size                   2233680  bytes
Variable Size             2013268656  bytes
Database Buffers          1610612736  bytes
Redo Buffers                14979072  bytes
Database mounted.
ORA- 03113 : end-of-file on communication channel
Process ID:  4332
Session ID:  45  Serial number:  3

检查oracle错误日志alert.log（位置在oracl_base/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace）发现有很多ORA-19815错误

ARC0: Error  19809  Creating archive log file to '/opt/oracle/fast_recovery_area/ORCL/archivelog/2013_07_03/o1_mf_1_112_%u_.arc'
Errors  in  file /opt/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/ trace /orcl_arc2_4393.trc:
ORA- 19815 : : db_recovery_file_dest_size  ( 322230272  )  00.00 %,   0 ************************************************************************
You have following choices to free up space from recovery area:
1 . Consider changing RMAN RETENTION POLICY. If you are using Data Guard,
   then consider changing RMAN ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY.
2 . Back up files to tertiary device such  as  tape using RMAN
   BACKUP RECOVERY AREA command.
3 . Add disk space and increase db_recovery_file_dest_size parameter to
   reflect the  new  space.
4 . Delete unnecessary files using RMAN DELETE command. If an operating
   system command was used to  delete  files, then  use  RMAN CROSSCHECK and
   DELETE EXPIRED commands.

报错信息很明显是因为db_recovery_file_dest_size太小了，增加其大小步骤如下：

1.首先要停止oracle进程，可以kill掉ora_*进程

2.使用mount方式启动数据库

SQL>startup mount;

3.增加恢复日志空间

SQL>alter system set db_recovery_file_dest_size= 10G;

4.正常重启数据库

SQL>shutdown immediate;

SQL>startup;