CodeForces - 597 C. Subsequences(dp+线段树or树状数组优化)

For the given sequence with n different elements find the number of increasing subsequences with k + 1 elements. It is guaranteed that the answer is not greater than 8·1018.

Input
First line contain two integer values n and k (1 ≤ n ≤ 10^5, 0 ≤ k ≤ 10) — the length of sequence and the number of elements in increasing subsequences.

Next n lines contains one integer ai (1 ≤ ai ≤ n) each — elements of sequence. All values ai are different.

Output
Print one integer — the answer to the problem.

Examples
input
5 2
1
2
3
5
4
output
7

大致题意:告诉你n个不同的数 范围1到n,让你统计有多少个长度为k+1的递增数列.

思路:很容易可以想到dp方程:dp[ num[i] ][ len ]=sum(dp[ num[j] ][ len-1 ])(j < i&&num[i] >num[j],1<=len<=k+1),但是这样的转移时间是O(n),总的时间复杂度为O(k*n^2),肯定gg。所以我们考虑如何去优化转移。这里很巧妙的用到了线段树(当然用树状数组也可以)。我们以这n个数为下标建立k+1棵线段树,按照输入的先后顺序,当我们输入一个数num时,我们就可以在logn的时间内求出dp{num][len]的值,即在第len-1棵树中,查询区间1到num-1的和,然后用所求得的值去更新第len棵树上下标为num位置上的值。最后查询一下第k+1棵树中区间1到n的和即可。这样时间复杂度就降到了O(k*nlogn)

代码如下

代码1.

/*
线段树
*/
#include 
#include   
#define ll long long int  
#define lson l,m,rt<<1  
#define rson m+1,r,rt<<1|1  
using namespace std;
const int M=1e5+5; 
ll dp[M<<2][15];  
int f;
inline void PushPlus(int rt)  
{   
    dp[rt][f] = dp[rt<<1][f]+dp[rt<<1|1][f]; 
}  
void Updata(int p,ll change, int l, int r, int rt)//单点更新,p位置上的数改变为change 
{  

    if( l == r )  
    {   
        dp[rt][f]=change;
        return ;  
    }  

    int m = ( l + r ) >> 1;  
    if(p <= m)  
        Updata(p, change, lson);  
    else  
        Updata(p, change, rson);  

    PushPlus(rt);  
}  

ll Query(int L,int R,int l,int r,int rt)  
{  
    if(L>R)
    return 0;
    if( L <= l && r <= R )  
    {  
        return dp[rt][f];  
    }  
    int m = ( l + r ) >> 1;  

    ll ans=0;  
    if(L<=m )  
        ans+=Query(L,R,lson);  
    if(R>m)  
        ans+=Query(L,R,rson);  
    return ans;  
}  

int main()  
{     
        int n,k; 
        int A;
        scanf("%d%d",&n,&k);
        k++;
        for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
        {
            scanf("%d",&A);
            for(int j=1;j<=k;j++)
            {

                f=j;
                f--;
                ll ans;
                if(f==0)
                ans=1;
                else 
                ans=Query(1,A-1,1,n,1); 
                f++;
                Updata(A,ans,1,n,1);//单点更新,A位置上值变为ans
            }
        }
        f=k;
        printf("%I64d\n",Query(1,n,1,n,1));

    return 0;  
}  

代码2.

/*
树状数组
emmm速度快了很多,写起来也方便不少,以后能用树状数组就尽量用吧
*/
#include 
#include 
#include   
#include   
#define ll long long int  
using namespace std;  
const int N=100005;
ll dp[N][15];
int f;
int n,k;
int lowbit(int x)
{
    return x&-x;
}

ll sum(int x)
{
    ll s=0;
    while(x>0)
    {
        s+=dp[x][f];
        x=x-lowbit(x);
    }
    return s;
}

void add(int x,ll date)
{
    while(x<=n)
    {
        dp[x][f]+=date;
        x=x+lowbit(x);
    }
}

int main()  
{
    int A;
    scanf("%d%d",&n,&k);
    k++;
    for(int i=1;i<=n;i++)
    {
        scanf("%d",&A);
        for(int j=1;j<=k;j++)
        {
            ll ans;
            f=j;
            f--;
            if(f==0)
                ans=1;
            else 
                ans=sum(A-1);
            f++;    
            add(A,ans);

        }   
    }

    f=k;
    printf("%I64d\n",sum(n));
    return 0;  
}  

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