Python办公自动化 5.2 Python操作ppt：python-pptx 使用教程 操作ppt PowerPoint 添加文字 形状图表

课程大纲

第二章 Python10分钟入门
【2.1】：PyCharm社区版配置Anaconda开发环境
【2.2】：Python基础知识及正则表达式入门

第三章 Python操作Excel
【3.1】：xlrd 使用教程 读取 操作Excel
【3.2】：xlwt 使用教程 写入 操作Excel
【3.3】：xlutils 使用教程 修改 操作Excel
【3.4】：xlwings 使用教程 读取 写入 修改 操【作Excel
【3.5】：openpyxl 使用教程 读取 写入 修改 操作Excel
【3.6】：xlswriter 使用教程 读取 写入 修改 操作Excel
【3.7】：win32com 使用教程 读取 写入 修改 操作Excel
【3.8】：pandas 使用教程 读取 写入 修改 操作Excel

第四章 Python操作word
【4.1】：win32com 使用教程 操作word
【4.2】：python-docx 使用教程 操作word

第五章 Python操作ppt
【5.1】：win32com 使用教程 操作复制ppt PowerPoint
【5.2】：python-pptx 使用教程 操作ppt PowerPoint 添加文字 形状图表

官方文档：https://python-pptx.readthedocs.io/en/latest/

5.2.1 pip安装python-pptx

pip install python-pptx

5.2.2 python-pptx 复制页面

使用python-pptx进行复制没有找到合适的方法，有以下两种解决办法：

1. 使用win32com对ppt模板进行复制
2. 增加模板ppt数量，然后使用python-pptx对不需要的模板页进行删减操作

5.2.3 python-pptx 删除页面

from pptx import Presentation

# 删除某一页ppt
def del_slide(prs,index):
    slides = list(prs.slides._sldIdLst)
    prs.slides._sldIdLst.remove(slides[index])

# 5.2.3 python-pptx 删除页面
def fun5_2_3():
    # 打开ppt
    ppt = Presentation('5.2 python-pptx测试.pptx')

    # 获取所有页
    slides = ppt.slides
    number_pages = len(slides)
    print("删除前ppt一共",number_pages,"页面")

    # 删除第1页
    del_slide(ppt,0)

    # 再次获取所有页
    slides = ppt.slides
    number_pages = len(slides)
    print("删除后ppt一共",number_pages,"页面")

    ppt.save('5_2_3.pptx')
    print('生成完毕')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    fun5_2_3()

5.2.4 python-pptx 添加文字并设置样式

from pptx import Presentation
from pptx.util import Pt,Cm

# 5.2.4 python-pptx 添加文字
def fun5_2_4():
    # 设置添加到当前ppt哪一页
    n_page = 0
    content = "我是添加的内容"

    # 打开已存在ppt
    ppt = Presentation('5.2 python-pptx测试.pptx')

    # 获取需要添加文字的页面对象
    slide = ppt.slides[n_page]

    # 设置添加文字框的位置以及大小
    left, top, width, height = Cm(16.9), Cm(1), Cm(12), Cm(1.2)
    # 添加文字段落
    new_paragraph = slide.shapes.add_textbox(left=left, top=top, width=width, height=height).text_frame

    # 设置段落内容
    new_paragraph.paragraphs[0].text = content
    # 设置文字大小
    new_paragraph.paragraphs[0].font.size = Pt(15)

    # 保存ppt
    ppt.save('5_2_4.pptx')

5.2.5 python-pptx 添加表格并设置样式

from pptx import Presentation
from pptx.util import Pt,Cm
from pptx.dml.color import RGBColor
from pptx.enum.text import MSO_ANCHOR
from pptx.enum.text import PP_ALIGN

# 5.2.5 python-pptx 添加表格并设置样式
def fun5_2_5():
    # 设置需要添加到哪一页
    n_page = 0

    # 打开已存在ppt
    ppt = Presentation('5.2 python-pptx测试.pptx')

    # 获取slide对象
    slide = ppt.slides[n_page]

    # 设置表格位置和大小
    left, top, width, height = Cm(6), Cm(12), Cm(13.6), Cm(5)
    # 表格行列数，和大小
    shape = slide.shapes.add_table(6, 7, left, top, width, height)
    # 获取table对象
    table = shape.table

    # 设置列宽
    table.columns[0].width = Cm(3)
    table.columns[1].width = Cm(2.3)
    table.columns[2].width = Cm(2.3)
    table.columns[3].width = Cm(1.3)
    table.columns[4].width = Cm(1.3)
    table.columns[5].width = Cm(1.3)
    table.columns[6].width = Cm(2.1)

    # 设置行高
    table.rows[0].height = Cm(1)

    # 合并首行
    table.cell(0, 0).merge(table.cell(0, 6))

    # 填写标题
    table.cell(1, 0).text = "时间"
    table.cell(1, 1).text = "阶段"
    table.cell(1, 2).text = "执行用例"
    table.cell(1, 3).text = "新增问题"
    table.cell(1, 4).text = "问题总数"
    table.cell(1, 5).text = "遗留问题"
    table.cell(1, 6).text = "遗留致命/" \
                            "严重问题"

    # 填写变量内容
    table.cell(0, 0).text = "产品1"
    content_arr = [["4/30-5/14", "DVT1", "20", "12", "22", "25", "5"],
                   ["5/15-5/21", "DVT1", "25", "32", "42", "30", "8"],
                   ["5/22-6/28", "DVT1", "1", "27", "37", "56", "12"],
                   ["5/22-6/28", "DVT1", "1", "27", "37", "56", "12"]]

    # 修改表格样式
    for rows in range(6):
        for cols in range(7):
            # Write column titles
            if rows == 0:
                # 设置文字大小
                table.cell(rows, cols).text_frame.paragraphs[0].font.size = Pt(15)
                # 设置文字颜色
                table.cell(rows, cols).text_frame.paragraphs[0].font.color.rgb = RGBColor(255, 255, 255)
                # 设置文字左右对齐
                table.cell(rows, cols).text_frame.paragraphs[0].alignment = PP_ALIGN.CENTER
                # 设置文字上下对齐
                table.cell(rows, cols).vertical_anchor = MSO_ANCHOR.MIDDLE
                # 设置背景为填充
                table.cell(rows, cols).fill.solid()
                # 设置背景颜色
                table.cell(rows, cols).fill.fore_color.rgb = RGBColor(34, 134, 165)
            elif rows == 1:
                table.cell(rows, cols).text_frame.paragraphs[0].font.size = Pt(10)
                table.cell(rows, cols).text_frame.paragraphs[0].font.color.rgb = RGBColor(0, 0, 0)
                table.cell(rows, cols).text_frame.paragraphs[0].alignment = PP_ALIGN.CENTER
                table.cell(rows, cols).vertical_anchor = MSO_ANCHOR.MIDDLE
                table.cell(rows, cols).fill.solid()
                table.cell(rows, cols).fill.fore_color.rgb = RGBColor(204, 217, 225)
            else:
                table.cell(rows, cols).text = content_arr[rows - 2][cols]
                table.cell(rows, cols).text_frame.paragraphs[0].font.size = Pt(10)
                table.cell(rows, cols).text_frame.paragraphs[0].font.color.rgb = RGBColor(0, 0, 0)
                table.cell(rows, cols).text_frame.paragraphs[0].alignment = PP_ALIGN.CENTER
                table.cell(rows, cols).vertical_anchor = MSO_ANCHOR.MIDDLE
                table.cell(rows, cols).fill.solid()
                table.cell(rows, cols).fill.fore_color.rgb = RGBColor(204, 217, 225)

    ppt.save('5_2_5.pptx')

效果如下：

5.2.6 python-pptx 添加图表并设置样式

from pptx import Presentation
from pptx.util import Pt,Cm
from pptx.dml.color import RGBColor
from pptx.enum.text import MSO_ANCHOR
from pptx.enum.text import PP_ALIGN
from pptx.chart.data import ChartData
from pptx.enum.chart import XL_CHART_TYPE

# 5.2.6 python-pptx 添加图表并设置样式
def fun5_2_6():
    # 设置需要添加到哪一页
    n_page = 0

    # 打开已存在ppt
    ppt = Presentation('5.2 python-pptx测试.pptx')

    # 获取slide对象
    slide = ppt.slides[n_page]

    # 初始化图表
    chart_data = ChartData()

    # 填充需要添加的内容
    content_arr = [["4/30-5/14", "DVT1", "20", "12", "22", "25", "5"],
                   ["5/15-5/21", "DVT1", "25", "32", "42", "30", "8"],
                   ["5/22-6/28", "DVT1", "1", "27", "37", "56", "12"],
                   ["5/22-6/28", "DVT1", "1", "27", "37", "56", "12"]]

    # 填充图表
    chart_data.categories = [content_arr[0][0], content_arr[1][0], content_arr[2][0], content_arr[3][0]]
    chart_data.add_series("问题总数", (content_arr[0][4], content_arr[1][4], content_arr[2][4], content_arr[3][4]))
    chart_data.add_series("遗留问题总数", (content_arr[0][5], content_arr[1][5], content_arr[2][5], content_arr[3][5]))
    chart_data.add_series("遗留致命严重\n问题总数", (content_arr[0][6], content_arr[1][6], content_arr[2][6], content_arr[3][6]))

    # 设置位置
    left, top, width, height = Cm(6), Cm(10), Cm(16.1), Cm(7.5)
    # 添加图表
    chart = slide.shapes.add_chart(
        XL_CHART_TYPE.LINE, left, top, width, height, chart_data
    ).chart


    chart.has_legend = True
    chart.legend.include_in_layout = False
    # chart.series[0].smooth = True # 是否平滑
    # chart.series[1].smooth = True
    # chart.series[2].smooth = True
    chart.font.size = Pt(10)  # 文字大小

    ppt.save('5_2_6.pptx')
    print('折线图添加完成')

效果如下：

其它图标可参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/adam012019/p/11348938.html

5.2.7 python-pptx 添加任意形状并设置样式

这里的形状可以是这些：

形状别名可以再这里查看：

https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/office/vba/api/Office.MsoAutoShapeType

并对应这里，找到正确的枚举名：

https://python-pptx.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api/enum/MsoAutoShapeType.html#msoautoshapetype

程序示例：

from pptx import Presentation
from pptx.util import Pt,Cm
from pptx.dml.color import RGBColor
from pptx.enum.text import MSO_ANCHOR
from pptx.enum.text import PP_ALIGN
from pptx.chart.data import CategoryChartData, ChartData
from pptx.enum.chart import XL_CHART_TYPE
from pptx.enum.shapes import MSO_SHAPE

# 5.2.7 python-pptx 添加形状并设置样式
def fun5_2_7():
    # 设置需要添加到哪一页
    n_page = 0

    # 打开已存在ppt
    ppt = Presentation('5.2 python-pptx测试.pptx')

    # 获取slide对象
    slide = ppt.slides[n_page]

    # 添加矩形
    # 设置位置以及大小
    left, top, width, height = Cm(2.5), Cm(4.5), Cm(30), Cm(0.5)
    # 添加形状
    rectangle = slide.shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.RECTANGLE, left, top, width, height)
    # 设置背景填充
    rectangle.fill.solid()
    # 设置背景颜色
    rectangle.fill.fore_color.rgb = RGBColor(34, 134, 165)
    # 设置边框颜色
    rectangle.line.color.rgb = RGBColor(34, 134, 165)

    # 添加正三角+文字(正常)
    left, top, width, height = Cm(3), Cm(5.1), Cm(0.5), Cm(0.4)
    slide.shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.FLOWCHART_EXTRACT, left, top, width, height)
    new_paragraph = slide.shapes.add_textbox(left=left - Cm(0.95), top=top + Cm(0.4), width=Cm(2.4),
                                             height=Cm(1.1)).text_frame

    content = """2020/01/05
    内容1"""
    new_paragraph.paragraphs[0].text = content
    new_paragraph.paragraphs[0].font.size = Pt(10)  # 文字大小
    new_paragraph.paragraphs[0].alignment = PP_ALIGN.CENTER

    # 添加正三角+文字(延期)
    left, top, width, height = Cm(9), Cm(5.1), Cm(0.5), Cm(0.4)
    extract = slide.shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.FLOWCHART_EXTRACT, left, top, width, height)
    extract.fill.solid()
    extract.fill.fore_color.rgb = RGBColor(255, 0, 0)
    extract.line.color.rgb = RGBColor(255, 0, 0)

    new_paragraph = slide.shapes.add_textbox(left=left - Cm(0.95), top=top + Cm(0.4), width=Cm(2.4),
                                             height=Cm(1.1)).text_frame

    content = """2020/01/05
    内容2"""
    new_paragraph.paragraphs[0].text = content  # 文字内容
    new_paragraph.paragraphs[0].font.size = Pt(10)  # 文字大小
    new_paragraph.paragraphs[0].font.color.rgb = RGBColor(255, 0, 0)    # 文字颜色
    new_paragraph.paragraphs[0].alignment = PP_ALIGN.CENTER # 文字水平对齐方式

    # 添加倒三角+间隔条+文字
    left, top, width, height = Cm(5), Cm(4), Cm(0.5), Cm(0.4)
    slide.shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.FLOWCHART_MERGE, left, top, width, height)
    gap = slide.shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.RECTANGLE, left + Cm(0.2), top + Cm(0.5), Cm(0.05), Cm(0.5))
    gap.fill.solid()
    gap.fill.fore_color.rgb = RGBColor(255, 255, 255)
    gap.line.color.rgb = RGBColor(255, 255, 255)

    new_paragraph = slide.shapes.add_textbox(left=left - Cm(0.95), top=top - Cm(1), width=Cm(2.4),
                                             height=Cm(1.1)).text_frame
    content = """2020/01/05
    内容3"""
    new_paragraph.paragraphs[0].text = content
    new_paragraph.paragraphs[0].font.size = Pt(10)  # 文字大小
    new_paragraph.paragraphs[0].alignment = PP_ALIGN.CENTER

    # 添加当前时间图形
    left, top, width, height = Cm(7), Cm(4), Cm(0.5), Cm(0.4)
    now = slide.shapes.add_shape(MSO_SHAPE.DOWN_ARROW, left, top, width, height)
    now.fill.solid()
    now.fill.fore_color.rgb = RGBColor(254, 152, 47)
    now.line.color.rgb = RGBColor(254, 152, 47)

    ppt.save('5_2_7.pptx')
    print('进度条添加完成')

效果如下：

---

以上模块功能可能没列举全，大家有什么希望的操作可以直接留言，我收到留言后会增加相关操作示例（若有），并对文章进行更新，谢谢大家！

返回《Python办公自动化之Word、Excel、PPT理论与实践》课程目录