Python小点dian儿： 读取一个目录下目录和文件

目录

 

代码一： 输出文件目录相关内容

代码二：输出一个目录下所有文件名字（第一层）

代码三：返回当前路径下所有层的文件路径列表

代码四：依次从内层到外层获取当前路径下文件（改造自代码三），也可直接代码一获取

代码五：获取当前路径下一层指定后缀文件列表（多层可改造代码三）

---

代码一： 输出文件目录相关内容

 os.walk(file_dir)从外到内获取多层

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-   
      
    import os  
      
    def file_name(file_dir):   
        for root, dirs, files in os.walk(file_dir):  
            print(root) #当前目录路径  
            print(dirs) #当前路径下所有子目录  
            print(files) #当前路径下所有非目录子文件

代码一会从外到内，将文件夹三个内容一层一层的输出。

代码二：输出一个目录下所有文件名字（第一层）

os.listdir(rootdir) 当前层

 os.path.isfile(list[i]):#判断是否是文件

#获取一个路径下第一层，所有文件名列表
def get_filenames(file_dir):
    L=[]
    list = os.listdir(rootdir) #列出文件夹下所有的目录与文件
    for i in range(0,len(list)):
        if os.path.isfile(list[i]):#判断是否是文件
            L.append(os.path.join(file_dir,list[i]))

代码三：返回当前路径下所有层的文件路径列表

os.path.isdir(file_path)判断是否是目录（文件夹）

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import os

def listdir(path, list_name):  #传入存储的list
    for file in os.listdir(path):
        file_path = os.path.join(path, file)
        if os.path.isdir(file_path):
            listdir(file_path, list_name)
        else:
            list_name.append(file_path)
    print(list_name)#虽然打印出来，但是最后的打印才是return的最后结果
    return list_name

list_name=[] #需要在外层定义，才能获取当前路径所有文件名,试想在内层定义会如何
list_name=listdir(rootdir, list_name)#返回当前路径下所有文件路径列表

#['E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\10_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\11_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\12_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\13_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\14_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\15_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\16_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\17_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\18_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\19_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\10_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\11_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\12_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\13_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\14_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\15_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\16_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\17_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\18_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\19_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\1_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\20_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\21_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\22_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\24_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\2_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\3_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\4_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\5_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\6_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\7_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\8_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\9_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\test\\test.py']
#['E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\10_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\11_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\12_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\13_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\14_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\15_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\16_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\17_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\18_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\19_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\10_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\11_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\12_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\13_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\14_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\15_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\16_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\17_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\18_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\19_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\1_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\20_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\21_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\22_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\24_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\2_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\3_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\4_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\5_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\6_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\7_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\8_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\9_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\test\\test.py']
#['E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\10_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\11_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\12_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\13_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\14_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\15_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\16_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\17_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\18_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\19_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\10_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\11_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\12_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\13_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\14_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\15_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\16_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\17_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\18_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\19_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\1_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\20_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\21_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\22_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\24_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\2_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\3_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\4_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\5_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\6_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\7_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\8_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\9_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\test\\test.py', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24.zip', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\20_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\21_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\22_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\23_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\24_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\25_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\26_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\27_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\28_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\29_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\2_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\3_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\4_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\5_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\6_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\7_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\8_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\9_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\fen.py', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\__init__.py']

代码四：依次从内层到外层获取当前路径下文件（改造自代码三），也可直接代码一获取

def listdir(path): 
    list_name = []
    for file in os.listdir(path):
        file_path = os.path.join(path, file)
        if os.path.isdir(file_path):
            listdir(file_path)
        else:
            list_name.append(file_path)
    print(list_name)
    return list_name


list_name=listdir(rootdir)
#['E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\test\\test.py']
#['E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\10_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\11_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\12_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\13_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\14_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\15_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\16_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\17_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\18_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\19_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\1_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\20_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\21_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\22_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\24_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\2_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\3_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\4_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\5_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\6_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\7_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\8_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24\\9_fact.txt']
#['E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\10_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\11_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\12_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\13_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\14_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\15_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\16_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\17_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\18_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\19_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_24.zip', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\1_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\20_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\21_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\22_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\23_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\24_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\25_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\26_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\27_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\28_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\29_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\2_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\3_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\4_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\5_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\6_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\7_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\8_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\9_fact.txt', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\fen.py', 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\data_my\\fen_200\\__init__.py']

#可接着仿照代码三，外部定义一个列表存储不同文件夹下list_name

代码五：获取当前路径下一层指定后缀文件列表（多层可改造代码三）

import os
#获取一个路径下第一层，相同后缀的文件名列表
#获取所有标注文件
def get_filenames(rootdir):
    L=[]
    list = os.listdir(rootdir) #列出文件夹下所有的目录与文件
    for i in range(0,len(list)):
        if os.path.splitext(list[i])[1] == '.txt':
            path = os.path.join(rootdir,list[i])
            L.append(path)
    return L
#其中os.path.splitext()函数将路径拆分为文件名+扩展名
get_filenames(rootdir)

#获取一个路径下第一层，相同后缀的文件名列表
#获取所有标注文件
def get_tagging_files(rootdir):
    tagging_files=[]
    list = os.listdir(rootdir) #列出文件夹下所有的目录与文件
    for i in range(0,len(list)):
        if os.path.splitext(list[i])[1] == '.json':
            path = os.path.join(rootdir,list[i])
            tagging_files.append(os.path.join(path))
    return tagging_files




#以下测试
if __name__ == '__main__':
    jingling_factfile_path = 'E:\\Mypython3\\wenshu_my\\my_NER\\tagging\\all_tag_json'
    tagging_files=get_tagging_files(jingling_factfile_path)
    print(tagging_files)