import os
rootDir = 'd:\\assa'
for dirName, subdirList, fileList in os.walk(rootDir):
print('Folder: %s' % dirName)
for fname in fileList:
print('\t%s' % fname)
目录结构为:
+test
+f1
2.txt
+f2
3.txt
1.txt
输出结果为:
Folder: d:\Python Code\test
1.txt
Folder: d:\Python Code\test\f1
2.txt
Folder: d:\Python Code\test\f2
3.txt
可以看到这是自顶向下的遍历顺序,如果我们要自底向上,先从最深处的文件开始遍历,可以加上topdown参数:
import os
rootDir = 'd:\\Python Code\\test'
for dirName, subdirList, fileList in os.walk(rootDir, topdown = False):
print('Folder: %s' % dirName)
for fname in fileList:
print('\t%s' % fname)
结果:
Folder: d:\Python Code\test\f1
2.txt
Folder: d:\Python Code\test\f2
3.txt
Folder: d:\Python Code\test
1.txt
如果想要在搜索的时候加上条件?比如跳过第一个文件夹,os.walk也可以做到:
import os
rootDir = 'd:\\Python Code\\test'
for dirName, subdirList, fileList in os.walk(rootDir):
print('Folder: %s' % dirName)
for fname in fileList:
print('\t%s' % fname)
if len(subdirList) > 0:
del subdirList[0]
结果:
Folder: d:\Python Code\test
1.txt
Folder: d:\Python Code\test\f2
3.txt
有的同学却不能得到正确的结果,我们可以看看如下代码:
import os
rootDir = 'd:\\Python Code\\test'
for dirName, subdirList, fileList in os.walk(rootDir):
print('Folder: %s' % dirName)
for fname in fileList:
print('\t%s' % fname)
if len(subdirList) > 0:
subdirList = subdirList[1:]
结果:
Folder: d:\Python Code\test
1.txt
Folder: d:\Python Code\test\f1
2.txt
Folder: d:\Python Code\test\f2
3.txt
>>> a=[1,2,3]
>>> id(a)
34006600
>>> del a[0]
>>> id(a)
34006600
>>> a = a[1:]
>>> id(a)
34006024