在路径操作装饰器上可以传入几个参数。
响应状态码
在路径操作中可以定义status_code用于响应中,你可以直接传入整数code,
如果不记得每个数字代表什么,可以在状态中加入简短得描述。
eg:
from typing import Set
from fastapi import FastAPI, status
from pydantic import BaseModel
app = FastAPI()
class Item(BaseModel):
name: str
description: str = None
price: float
tax: float = None
tags: Set[str] = []
@app.post("/items/", response_model=Item, status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
async def create_item(*, item: Item):
return item
Tags
你也可以在路径操作中添加标签,一般在标签中传入list或者str,(一般使用一个str)
from typing import Set
from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel
app = FastAPI()
class Item(BaseModel):
name: str
description: str = None
price: float
tax: float = None
tags: Set[str] = []
@app.post("/items/", response_model=Item, tags=["items"])
async def create_item(*, item: Item):
return item
@app.get("/items/", tags=["items"])
async def read_items():
return [{
"name": "Foo", "price": 42}]
@app.get("/users/", tags=["users"])
async def read_users():
return [{
"username": "johndoe"}]
这些标签将用于openapi schema 以及自动文档中对api接口得分类。
summary and description
from typing import Set
from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel
app = FastAPI()
class Item(BaseModel):
name: str
description: str = None
price: float
tax: float = None
tags: Set[str] = []
@app.post(
"/items/",
response_model=Item,
summary="Create an item",
description="Create an item with all the information, name, description, price, tax and a set of unique tags",
)
async def create_item(*, item: Item):
return item
description可以使用长字符串或者多行文本。用于docs中api接口描述。
Response description
参数response_description用于响应描述。
from typing import Set
from fastapi import FastAPI
from pydantic import BaseModel
app = FastAPI()
class Item(BaseModel):
name: str
description: str = None
price: float
tax: float = None
tags: Set[str] = []
@app.post(
"/items/",
response_model=Item,
summary="Create an item",
response_description="The created item",
)
async def create_item(*, item: Item):
"""
Create an item with all the information:
- **name**: each item must have a name
- **description**: a long description
- **price**: required
- **tax**: if the item doesn't have tax, you can omit this
- **tags**: a set of unique tag strings for this item
"""
return item
停用一个路径操作
如果你需要将路径操作标记为停用,但又不能删除它,可以将deprecated设置为Ture
from fastapi import FastAPI
app = FastAPI()
@app.get("/items/", tags=["items"])
async def read_items():
return [{
"name": "Foo", "price": 42}]
@app.get("/users/", tags=["users"])
async def read_users():
return [{
"username": "johndoe"}]
@app.get("/elements/", tags=["items"], deprecated=True)
async def read_elements():
return [{
"item_id": "Foo"}]
JSON编码
当你想将pydantic模型转化为json格式得时候,可以使用fastapi提供得jsonable_encoder()函数。
使用jsonable_encoder
想象一下你又一个数据库fake_db只接收json数据,但是它并不接收datetime对象,所以datetime对象就必须得转换为包含iso格式得数据字符串。
同样的,datebase不会接收pydantic模型,只接受dict。就可以使用jsonable_encoder。
from datetime import datetime
from fastapi import FastAPI
from fastapi.encoders import jsonable_encoder
from pydantic import BaseModel
fake_db = {
}
class Item(BaseModel):
title: str
timestamp: datetime
description: str = None
app = FastAPI()
@app.put("/items/{id}")
def update_item(id: str, item: Item):
json_compatible_item_data = jsonable_encoder(item)
fake_db[id] = json_compatible_item_data
这个例子中,pydantic模型将会转换为dict,并且datetime将转换为str。