IRC primer
2.1 General Commands
Table 4: General commands
--------------------------
Keyword Action
~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~
NICK changes your nickname
QUIT exits your IRC session, (same as BYE, SIGNOFF and EXIT)
HELP prints help on the given command
WHOIS displays information about someone
WHOWAS displays information about someone who just left
AWAY leaves a message saying you're not paying attention
/NICK [
Changes your nickname to whatever you like.
Everyone who wants to talk to you sees this name - also, at the moment, nicknames are limited to 9 characters max. Your nickname will be the same as your login name by default. You can also set an environment variable, IRCNICK, the value of which will be used instead. Nickname clashes are not allowed; this is enforced by the servers. If your intended nickname clashes with someone else's as you enter IRC, you will not be able to enter until you change it to something else.
/NICK Nappy
*** Nap is now known as Nappy
/QUIT [
Exits your IRC session. You can also use BYE, SIGNOFF and EXIT. If a reason is supplied, it is displayed to other people on your channels.
/QUIT Lunch Time!
/HELP [
Shows help on the given command. Note: This is not installed for all clients, which can be kind of annoying.
/HELP HELP
Usage: HELP [command]
Shows help on the given command. The help documentation is set
up in a hierarchical fashion. That means that certain help
topics have sub-topics under them.
[boring stuff deleted]
/WHOIS [
Shows information about someone.
/WHOIS Nap
*** Nap is [email protected] (Klein bottle for sale...
inquire within.)
*** on channels: @#Twilight_Zone @#EU-Opers
*** on via server poly.polytechnique.fr (Ecole Polytechnique,
Paris, FRANCE ! )
*** Nap has a connection to the twilight zone (is an IRC operator)
*** Nap has been idle 0 seconds
/WHOIS Nappy
*** Nappy: No such nickname
Sometimes WHOIS won't help you much, because the person you want to know more about just left IRC or changed nick. However, you can use WHOWAS to get this information for a while:
/WHOWAS [
Shows information about who used the given nickname last, even if no one is currently using it.
/WHOWAS Nappy
*** Nappy was [email protected] (Artistic ventures
highlighted. Rob a museum.) on channel *private*
*** on irc via server poly.polytechnique.fr (Signoff: Mon Jun 22
20:15:23)
Very often, an unsuccessful call to WHOIS will lead you to try WHOWAS. That's why ircII allows you to "/SET AUTO_WHOWAS ON"; that way, a "***
/AWAY [
Leave a message explaining that you are not currently paying attention to IRC. Whenever someone sends you a MSG or does a WHOIS on you, they automatically see whatever message you set. Using AWAY with no parameters marks you as no longer being away.
/AWAY Gone to get a cup of coffee.
*** You have been marked as being away
/AWAY
*** You are no longer marked as being away
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2.2 Communication and Private Conversation
Table 5: Private conversation commands
--------------------------------------
Keyword Action
~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~
MSG sends a private message
QUERY starts a private conversation
NOTICE sends a private message
NOTIFY warns you of people logging in or out IRC
IGNORE removes output from specific people off your screen
You can use the MSG command, (usually "M" is an alias for it), to send someone a message that only that person can read.
/MSG
Send a private message to specified nickname.
/MSG Nap This message is for Nap only.
-> *Nap* This message is for Nap only.
On my screen will appear:
*YourNick* This message is for Nap only.
If you want to send a private message to more than one person, you can specify a list of nicknames separated by commas, (no spaces).
/MSG Nap,Sorg This message for both Nap and Sorg.
-> *Nap* This message for both Nap and Sorg.
-> *Sorg* This message for both Nap and Sorg.
Two special case nicknames are defined. If the nickname is "," (a comma), the message is sent to the last person who sent you a MSG. If the nickname is "." (a period), the message is sent to the last person to whom you sent a message.
You can have a private conversation by only using /MSG. However, typing "/MSG
/QUERY [
Starts a private conversation with.
All text you type that would normally be sent to your channel now goes to the supplied nickname in the form of MSGs. To cancel a private conversation, use QUERY with no arguments.
/QUERY Nap
*** Starting conversation with Nap
Blahblahblah
-> *Nap* Blahblahblah
/QUERY
*** Ending conversation with Nap
There is also another command to send messages, called NOTICE. Unlike MSGs, NOTICEs are surrounded by '-' when printed, and no automated responses, (such as generated by IGNORE or an automaton), will be sent in reply. Services, (robots), on IRC often use this form of interaction.
/NOTICE
Sends a private message to the specified.
/NOTICE Nap Better use /MSG instead of /NOTICE.
-> -Nap- Better use /MSG instead of /NOTICE.
On my screen will appear:
-YourNick- Better use /MSG instead of /NOTICE.
As you begin to make new friends over IRC, you'll want to mark certain nicknames such that you will be warned when they signon or off.
/NOTIFY [[-]
Adds or removes to the list of people you'll be warned when they enter or quit IRC (in ircII versions prior to 2.2, too many people in the NOTIFY list cause excessive slowness).
/NOTIFY Nap Nappy
*** Signon by Nap detected
/NOTIFY
*** Currently present: Nap
*** Currently absent: Nappy
Eventually, you may wish some day not to see messages from a specific user on your screen. This may happen when someone is dumping large amounts of garbage, or if someone is harassing you. The proper response to such a behavior is to IGNORE that person. IGNORE is a very powerful command, and can be used in many ways. However the basic usage of this tool is the following.
/IGNORE [
Suppresses output from the given people from your screen. IGNORE can be set by nickname or by specifying a userid@hostname format. Wildcards may be used in all formats. Output that can be ignored includes MSGs, NOTICEs, PUBLIC messages, INVITEs, ALL or NONE. Preceding a type with a "-" indicates removal of ignoring of that type of message.
/IGNORE *@cheshire.oxy.edu ALL
*** Ignoring ALL messages from *@CHESHIRE.OXY.EDU
/IGNORE
*** Ignorance list:
*** *@CHESHIRE.OXY.EDU ALL
/IGNORE *@cheshire.oxy.edu NONE
*** *@cheshire.oxy.edu removed from ignorance list
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2.3 Channels and Public Conversations
On IRC, there are a lot of places where you can "hang out"; those places are called 'channels', (most of the information in this section can also be obtained by issuing "/HELP CHANNEL"). You can compare conversations on a channel to a conversation among a group of people: you see/hear everything that is said, and you can reply to anything that's said. What you type is received by everyone who's willing to listen - and everyone who is late will not hear what was said before, unless repeated by one of the ones who were there. (Who said "real life" ?)
All channels on IRC have names: a "#" sign followed by some kind of text-string, like "#C++" or "#Asians" or "#EU-Opers". Usually, the name of the channel will indicate the type of conversation that's going on in there. Don't count on it, though.
Table 6: Channel commands
--------------------------
Keyword Action
~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~
LIST lists channels, number of users, topic
NAMES shows the nicknames of the users on each channel
JOIN sets your current channel, (same as CHANNEL)
WHO gives a listing of users
INVITE sends an invitation to another user
LEAVE leaves a channel, (same as PART)
KICK gets rid of someone on a channel
TOPIC changes the topic of the channel
ME sends anything about you to a channel or QUERY
DESCRIBE sends anything about you to a person or channel
Every channel has certain characteristics, called channel modes. These will also be explained below. Remember the NAMES and LIST commands; they will show you the names of the existing channels.
/LIST [[
Lists all current "channels", number of users, and topic. The displayed list may be quite long, so you can limit it using flags. "/LIST -MIN n" for instance removes channels with less than 'n' users of the output.
/LIST -MIN 5
*** #aussies 5
*** #amiga 5 Daily Amiga Silence...join&enjoy
*** #hottub 21 Imagine sky, high above...
*** #tuebingen 11 Happy Borthday CHUCK!!!
*** #Christian 6 Jesus!
*** #Twilight_ 15 The Oper Bar & Grill
*** #initgame 5 More players needed!!!!!!!!!!!!
*** #Taiwan 8 Welcome good friends.
*** #espanol 6 EMERGENCIA SE Necesitan Mujeres!
*** #sherwood 7
*** #francais 6 on apprend le japonais (japanese welcome)
/NAMES [[
Shows the nicknames of all users on each "channel", (these may be very long. Remember to filter them with "-MIN n" or "-MAX n").
/NAMES -MIN 5
Pub: #twilight> Mycroft @sojge scorpio @Troy @Avalon @Nap phone
Merlinus Lumberjak @tzoper
Pub: #espanol Cacique Bonjovi leopardo Carina Miguel Cisco r2
Pub: #amiga @gio @Radix @xterm @mama @AmiBot
Pub: #aussies @Bleve @GrayElf @Insomniac @Morkeleb @titus
Pub: #hottub baby @Aldur KnightOrc @Toasty Gwydion @Belkira
@Aiken Edge @Spockobot @Nada @ZBot @Aurik @anna @RedBaron
@Katzen @esashi IceWolf @Eniigma @Digger @TheHeck
To join in the conversation on a certain channel you may use the JOIN command.
/JOIN [
Sets your current channel to the supplied channel.
/JOIN #Twilight_Zone
*** Nap has joined channel #Twilight_Zone
*** Topic: The Gernsback Continuum
*** Users on #Twilight_Zone: Nap msa tober phone @julia @SirLance
igh @Daemon @Avalon @Waftam @Trillian @tzoper
The CHANNEL command has the same effects. Note that if no parameters are given, your current channel is displayed.
Upon entering a channel, you are given useful details about it: list of users talking in that channel, topic... Joining a channel does not cause you to leave your previous channel unless NOVICE is set to ON. See "/HELP SET NOVICE".
Once in a channel, you may wish to get a detailed list of the people IRCing inside. That's where the WHO command comes in handy:
/WHO [
Gives a listing of users. "/WHO *" for the list of users in your current channel.
/WHO #Twilight_Zone
Channel Nickname S User@Host (Name)
#Twilight_ Nap H* [email protected]
(Quidquid latine dictum sit, altum viditur)
#Twilight_ msa H [email protected] (Markku Savela)
#Twilight_ tober H [email protected] (tober)
#Twilight_ phone H [email protected] (Third
row seats to the Cure? WHO ME? nah.. *grin*)
#Twilight_ julia G*@ [email protected]
( Future graduate of ACME Looniversity)
#Twilight_ SirLance G*@ [email protected]
(Sir Lancelot)
#Twilight_ igh G [email protected] (igh)
#Twilight_ Daemon G*@ [email protected]
(-=Runaway Daemon=-)
#Twilight_ Avalon H*@ [email protected] (Avalon...)
#Twilight_ Waftam G*@ [email protected] (Daniel
Carosone)
#Twilight_ Trillian G*@ [email protected] ( I turn to
stone when you are gone )
#Twilight_ tzoper H*@ [email protected] (/msg
tzoper help)
The first field is the current channel, then nickname, status, real name (in internet user@host form), and a small witty comment you can set yourself with the environment variable IRCNAME, (this will be detailed in section 2.8 ). Status indicates if a user is "H"ere or "G"one, (see AWAY ), if IRCop ("*"), and/or a channel operator ("@").
It is also possible, when you are already on a channel, to ask someone to join your channel. The command is called INVITE.
/INVITE
Invites another user to a channel. If no channel is specified, your current channel is used.
/INVITE Nap
*** Inviting Nap to channel #Twilight_Zone
If you receive an INVITE message, you can type "/JOIN -INVITE" to join the channel to which you were last invited, or simply "/JOIN
To leave a channel, just issue a LEAVE command, (PART has the same effects):
/LEAVE
Leave a channel.
/LEAVE #Twilight_Zone
*** Nap has left #Twilight_Zone
Well, you guessed it, if there is a way to invite someone on a channel, there's also the possibility to KICK someone out of it, for example if this person is behaving like a jerk, annoying people or flooding the channel with unwanted information:
/KICK [
Kicks named user off a given channel. Only 'channel operators' are privileged to use this command.
/KICK #Twilight_Zone Target
*** Target has been kicked off channel #Twilight_Zone by Nap
Channels have topics, that indicate the current topic of conversation. You can change this topic on a channel with the TOPIC command.
/TOPIC [[
Changes the topic for the channel.
/TOPIC The silent channel.
*** Nap has changed the topic on channel #EU-Opers to The silent
channel.
At times, you may want to send a description of what you are doing or how you are feeling or just anything concerning you to the current channel or query. It is absolutely good style not to forget the period at the end of the sentence!
/ME
Tells the current channel or query about what you are doing. You can also use your own nickname as command, i.e. you can type the line with a leading slash.
/ME opens up the fridge.
* Nap opens up the fridge.
/Nap reaches out for the orange juice.
* Nap reaches out for the orange juice.
The same goal can be achieved towards a specific nickname using:
/DESCRIBE
Sends anything concerning you to theor you pass as first argument.
(Note: The look of the result depends on each client version, and might not be exactly the same as in the examples shown here.)
These commands make use of CTCP, a client-to-client protocol crafted to perform specific actions, but not understood by all clients, (more about CTCP in section 2.5 ). If you get an error message, your description may not have arrived properly.
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2.4 Channel and User Modes
Channels can have additional constraints, which can be set by the MODE command, (most of the information in this section can also be obtained by issuing "/HELP MODE"). To understand this, recall that the first person to JOIN a channel effectively creates it and is initially "in charge" of the channel, ("Channel Operator" or "chanop"). S/he can subsequently add those constraints, make other people chanops at leisure.
Table 7: Mode commands
-----------------------
Keyword Action
~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~
MODE changes channel or user mode
Public is the default mode for a channel. When someone is on a public channel, he can be seen by all other users, (if his own user mode permits this). Anyone can notice users on a public channel and join such a conversation.
Private means that, although anyone can see members of such a channel, you can't tell what channel they are on unless you are already on that channel with them. They just appear as "Prv: *" in LIST or NAMES. Since the number of potential channels is in the billions, this is quite some security - all you give away is the acknowledgement that you're IRCing.
If you are on a secret channel, someone who is not on the same channel can't even see that you are there. Your name does not show up in a LIST of active users. The only indication of your presence is that, when entering IRC, all new users are told that there are "NNNNN users on XXX servers". If someone checks on all users and finds less than NNNNN of them, he knows that other people are hiding on secret channels. But a secret channel user still cannot be found except by brute-force checking through all channels, a hopeless proposition in the face of the huge number of possible channel names. Security through obscurity finally means something.
/MODE
Allows channel operators to change channel mode, or any user to change their personal mode, (don't use this co mmand too often, it floods the net with worthless information).
/MODE #Twilight_Zone +m
*** Mode change "+m" on channel #Twilight_Zone by Nap
/MODE Nap -i
*** Mode change "-i" for user Nap by poly.polytechnique.fr
And this is how to give 'chanop' status to someone on the channel
/MODE #Twilight_Zone +o sojge
*** Mode change "+o sojge" on channel #Twilight_Zone by Nap
A + or - sign determines whether the mode should be added or deleted. Try typing "/HELP MODE" to get further information. Channels can be moderated (only chanops can talk), secret, private, with a limited number of users, anonymous, invite-only, topic-limited, with a list of banned users.
The MODE command also allows you to modify your personal parameters, your "user mode". You can check your usermode with the command "/MODE
Table 8: Channel modes
-----------------------
ModeChar Effects on channels
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
bban somebody, in "nick!user@host" form
i channel is invite-only
lchannel is limited, users allowed max
m channel is moderated, (only chanops can talk)
n external /MSGs to channel are not allowed
omakes a channel operator
p channel is private
s channel is secret
t topic limited, only chanops may change it
Table 9: User modes
--------------------
ModeChar Effects on nicknames
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
i makes yourself invisible to anybody that does
not know the exact spelling of your nickname
o IRC-operator status, can only be set
by IRC-ops with OPER
s receive server notices
w receive wallops (abused and deprecated)
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2.5 Client to Client Protocol
/CTCP [
Allows you to perform certain client specific actions on the network.
/CTCP Nap VERSION
*** CTCP VERSION reply from Nap: ircII 2.2 *IX
:ircII 2.2, SL0 The one you thought you'd never see.
This can be used to get information about how long a person has
been idle:
/CTCP Nap FINGER
*** CTCP FINGER reply from Nap: PIOCH Nicolas - Nap on IRC, X90,
([email protected]) Idle 0 seconds
Table 10: Client to Client Commands
------------------------------------
Keyword Action
~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~
CTCP performs certain client specific actions
DCC handles direct connections to remote clients
DCC SEND initiates a file transfer
DCC GET accepts a file transfer
DCC CLOSE ends a DCC connection or offer
DCC LIST shows current DCC connections
DCC CHAT initiates a secure chat between two clients
There are many other CTCP commands, and new ones are introduced all the time. There is a mechanism for you to find out what you can use: CTCP CLIENTINFO. To find out about your own client services, execute a CLIENTINFO on yourself.
/CTCP Nap CLIENTINFO *** CTCP CLIENTINFO reply from Nap: SED VERSION CLIENTINFO USERINFO ERRMSG FINGER TIME ACTION DCC UTC PING :Use CLIENTINFO to get more specific information
If you are interested in this powerful CTCP mechanism, have a look in the various ircII help files. "/HELP CTCP" might tell you more. However the client-to-client protocol has a very powerful feature: Allowing two people to exchange files.
To send small text files, electronic mail is probably the best solution, (don't rely on the user@host given by the WHOIS command to send mail. However, ircII provides you a way to establish Direct Client Connections ("DCC") to perform functions like sending and receiving files.
If NickA wants to send a file to NickB, then NickA should type: "/DCC SEND NickB filename". On NickB's screen will appear: "*** DCC SEND (filename) request received from NickA". If he, (NickB), wants to get the file, he just needs to type: "/DCC GET NickA filename"
A few seconds later
*** DCC GET connection with NickA established
*** DCC GET filename connection to NickA completed
will inform both users that data transfer has been successfully
completed.
Here's a quick overview of the subject:
/DCC
Handles direct connections to remote clients. The behaviour of DCC is determined by the specified .
/DCC SEND
Initiates a file transfer by direct client connection.
/DCC GET
Accepts a file transfer by direct client connection. The sender must first have offered the file with DCC SEND.
/DCC CLOSE
Ends an unwanted DCC connection or offer. The ,and must be the same as those shown by "/DCC LIST". If the arguments are not supplied, the oldest connection of the specified type is closed.
/DCC LIST
Shows current /DCC connections with their types, status and nicknames involved.
More details can be found in ircII online help: try "/HELP DCC" for more information.
If someone asks you to send him a file, don't do it unless you exactly know what you are doing. For instance, NEVER send the password file of your system to anybody. This could grant crackers illegal access to your machines, and put you and your system administrator in a lot of trouble.
DCC also allows two clients to establish a direct client connection for chat. This is a secure form of communication, since messages are not sent through the IRC network.
/DCC CHAT
Initiates a direct client connection chat to the given nick, who must repond with DCC CHAT. Once established, messages are sent over with "/MSG =Nickname ...".
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2.6 Network Related Commands
If you encounter any problem, contact your local IRC-Administrator or an IRC-Operator. An IRC-Admin is a person who has access to all files concerning 'ircd' (the server program). An IRC-Operator or "IRC-op" is a person who has privileges given to him by an IRC-Admin and tries to maintain a fast reliable IRC network. Information on how you can find out who s/he is, can be found below.
Each time you are prompted for a server name, remember you can supply the nickname of someone being connected on that server instead. This may be useful at times.
Table 11: Network related commands
-----------------------------------
Keyword Action
~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~
ADMIN displays information about a server
LINKS shows the servers on the IRC network
SERVER switches your primary server
MOTD displays the server message-of-the-day
USERS prints users logged on the server machine
DATE shows server current date and time
TIME shows server current date and time
LUSERS gives a brief listing of users, servers and operators
TRACE shows the server connections of the given server
STATS shows some irc server usage statistics
INFO shows useless information about IRC
VERSION shows client and server version number
/ADMIN [
Displays the administrative details about the given server. If no server is supplied, the server you are connected to is used.
/ADMIN
### Administrative info about poly.polytechnique.fr
### Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, FRANCE
### IRC-Administrator Nicolas Pioch (Nap@IRC)
###
/LINKS [[
Shows a list of servers currently connected to the IRC network. Ifis given, /LINKS asks the given for a list of servers matching the given expression, (this list can get very long!).
/LINKS *po*
*** nova.unix.portal.com 7 Cupertino California, USA
*** poe.acc.Virginia.EDU 6 University of Virginia 2.7.1f
*** polaris.utu.fi 9 University of Turku, Finland
*** polaris.ctr.columbia.edu 6 Columbia University, New York City
*** csd.postech.ac.kr 4 POSTECH Computer Science Dept.
*** cdc853.cdc.polimi.it 2 Polytechnic of Milan, Italy
*** poly.polytechnique.fr 0 Ecole Polytechnique, Paris, FRANCE
/SERVER [
Switches your primary server to the suppliedat the specified . If no port number is given, the default port number is used (normally 6667).
/SERVER poly.polytechnique.fr 6667
*** Connecting to port 6667 of server poly.polytechnique.fr
*** Welcome to the Internet Relay Network, Nap
*** Your host is poly.polytechnique.fr, running version 2.7.2g.ID
*** This server was created Sat Jan 16 1993 at 12:16:10 MET
Occasionally, you can switch servers faster than the IRC network can send out the information that you have left your previous server. So don't be surprised if you are told your nickname is already in use... Just wait a moment and set it with /NICK again.
/MOTD [
Gives the Message-Of-The-Day for the named server. If no server is given, your server is used.
/MOTD
MOTD - poly.polytechnique.fr message of the day -
MOTD - _____________________________________
MOTD - // /
MOTD - /_| Bienvenue sur le serveur |
MOTD - | Internet Relay Chat |
MOTD - | de l'Ecole Polytechnique, FRANCE |
MOTD - | _________________________________|__
MOTD - /_/___________________________________/
MOTD -
MOTD - | | | En cas de probleme,
MOTD - )_) )_) )_) tapez / admin
MOTD - )___))___))___)/
MOTD - )____)____)_____)// Nicolas PIOCH
MOTD - _____|____|____|____///__ Nap sur IRC
MOTD - --/ Welcome to IRC ! /---------
MOTD - ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^
* End of /MOTD command
/USERS [
Shows the users logged into the machine where the server is running, (it's up to the server administrator to implement this feature or not. It may not work on some machines).
/USERS
*** UserID Terminal Host
*** pioch ttyp9 rotule.polytechn
*** pioch ttypc rotule.polytechn
*** pioch ttyq0 rotule.polytechn
*** pioch ttyq1 rotule.polytechn
/DATE [
/TIME [
Shows the current time of day and date. If a server is specified, the time of day and date are reported from that server. DATE and TIME are identical.
/DATE
*** poly.polytechnique.fr Saturday June 20 1992 -- 02: 35 +01:00
/LUSERS
Gives a brief listing of the number of servers, operators and users matching the given, as seen from the specified .
/LUSERS
*** There are 1008 users and 291 invisible on 135 servers
*** 72 users have connection to the twilight zone
*** There are 458 channels
*** I have 16 clients and 4 servers
*** 22 maximum connections, 19 clients
/TRACE [
Shows the server connections of the given.
/TRACE
*** Serv Class[9] ==> 134S 1331C eff.org[192.88.144.3]
*** Serv Class[8] ==> 1S 6C Julia.Enst.FR
*** Serv Class[8] ==> 1S 6C Eurecom8.Cica.FR[192.70.34.208]
*** Serv Class[1] ==> 2S 0C athina.cc.uch.gr[147.52.80.102]
*** Serv Class[8] ==> 1S 5C dafne.mines.u-nancy.fr[192.70.66.2]
*** Serv Class[8] ==> 1S 0C cnam.cnam.fr
*** Class 0 Entries linked: 16
*** Class 9 Entries linked: 1
*** Class 8 Entries linked: 4
*** Class 1 Entries linked: 1
/STATS c|i|k|l|m|u|y [
Shows some irc server usage statistics.
/STATS u
*** Server Up 12 days, 12:28:44
/INFO [
Shows information about the IRC creators, debuggers, slaves and a lot of other people who no longer have much to do with IRC.
/VERSION
Shows the ircII version number and the version number of the server.
/VERSION
*** Client: ircII 2.2
*** Server poly.polytechnique.fr: ircd 2.7.2g.Nap+6(privacy).
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2.7 Quick Reference Panel
Keyword Action
------- ------
! recalls previous commands for re-editing
ADMIN displays information about a server
AWAY leaves a message saying you're not paying attention
CLEAR puts some white space on your screen
CTCP performs certain client specific actions
DATE shows server current date and time
DCC handles direct connections to remote clients
DESCRIBE sends anything about you to a person or channel
HELP prints help on the given command
HISTORY displays the command history
IGNORE removes output from specific people off your screen
INFO shows useless information about IRC
INVITE sends an invitation to another user
JOIN sets your current channel
KICK gets rid of someone on a channel
LASTLOG lists the most recent messages
LEAVE leaves a channel
LINKS shows servers on the IRC network
LIST lists channels, number of users, topic
LUSERS gives a brief listing of users, servers and operators
ME sends anything about you to a channel or QUERY
MODE changes channel mode
MOTD displays the server message-of-the-day
MSG sends a private message
NAMES shows the nicknames of users on each channel
NICK changes your nickname
NOTICE sends a private message
NOTIFY warns you of people logging in or out IRC
QUERY starts a private conversation
QUIT exits your IRC session
SERVER switches your primary server
STATS shows some irc server usage statistics
TIME shows server current date and time
TOPIC changes the topic of the channel
TRACE shows the server connections of the given machine
USERS prints users logged on the server machine
VERSION shows client and server version number
WHO gives a listing of users
WHOIS displays information about someone
WHOWAS displays information about someone who just left
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2.8 Further into ircII Wizardry
Note: This part should be reserved for experienced IRC'ers.
Because ircII is not a simple client program, but an Operating System, its programming language is just as simple as you could expect (it's horrendous), but if you want to get into it, here's a little note for you.
There are a few Unix environment variables you can set in your shell configuration file, but you need to find out your shell name before that. "echo $SHELL" should give you a hint.
Table 12: Setting environment variables
----------------------------------------
Shell type Shell name Command
~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~
Bourne shells sh $ VARNAME="value" ; export VARNAME
ksh $ export VARNAME="value"
bash $ export VARNAME="value"
C-shells csh % setenv VARNAME "value"
tcsh > setenv VARNAME "value"
Table 13: Environment variables
--------------------------------
Name Effects
~~~~ ~~~~~~~
HOME where your home directory is
IRCNAME any lunacy you want instead of your real name
(text that appears between parentheses in a WHOIS)
IRCNICK your default IRC nickname
IRCPATH a directory path to LOAD scripts
IRCRC a file to use instead of your $HOME/.ircrc
IRCSERVER a default server list for ircII
TERM your terminal type
The command character, (usually "/irchelp/"), is only necessary when you type commands interactively. When you program things it is no longer needed although it used to be.
Table 14: Advanced commands
---------------------------
Keyword Action
~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~
# same as COMMENT except for the lenght
@ performs variable expressions
ALIAS creates command aliases
ASSIGN creates user variables (expandable with $)
BIND binds a keystroke sequence to a function
CD changes ircII working directory
COMMENT does nothing, but very useful. Strange, uh?
ECHO displays all of its arguments
EXEC allows you to start subprocesses
FLUSH flushes all pending output from the server
IF standard boolean expression checker
LOAD loads an ircII command script file
ON sets up actions to occur when certain events happen
REDIRECT forwards the output from a command
SAVE saves all ircII settings into a file
SAY same as sending text to a channel
SEND same as sending text to a channel
SET sets a variable to a given value
SLEEP suspends ircII for a few seconds
TYPE simulates keystrokes
WAIT waits for all server output to finish
WHILE another control command to make loops
WINDOW lets you manipulate multiple "windows" in ircII
XECHO like ECHO, but takes flag arguments
If you want to type to the channel from within an ALIAS or on BINDing, you have to use SAY or SEND.
The ";" has a special meaning in ALIASes, BINDings and ONs: it's treated as command separator, that means you can execute multiple commands in a row separated by semicolons. The semicolons are not considered separators when you use them interactively, (to be able to type ";-)"), and within an ircII script file. You can escape the meaning of ";" in an ALIAS with "/;".
When you use ircII on a (semi)regular basis, you will discover that every time you start the program you will issue the same initialization sequence. If that is the case, I have good news for you: you don't have to do that anymore! ircII will, at startup, load a file called ".ircrc", (full path: $HOME/.ircrc). It will treat each line in that file as if you typed it manually.
For example, if the content of your .ircrc file is:
JOIN #Twilight_Zone
then each time you will start IRC, you will join this channel.
Advanced commands may come in handy if you need them. Feel free to browse in ircII online help to find out more about them. A few of them are probably worth learning.
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2.9 Sample .ircrc
As a sample, here's part of my .ircrc file. Since ircII2.2, this file can be found in the "script" directory, and loaded with "/load ircprimer"
# Sample .ircrc script, from the IRCprimer v1.1
# -------------------------------------------------------------------
# IRCII sample configuration file (~/.ircrc) (Nicolas Pioch)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------
# The aim of this file is to shorten all useful commands to 1 letter.
set NOVICE off
set INPUT_ALIASES off
set AUTO_WHOWAS on
set SHOW_CHANNEL_NAMES on
set SHOW_AWAY_ONCE on
# Speeds up ircII display 2 times
set SCROLL_LINES 2
# Put Hack notices down under
on ^SERVER_NOTICE "/*/*/* Notice -- Hack: *" set status_user Hack: $4-
# Modified killpath script from YeggMan
ALIAS kpath ECHO ### Last received KILL for $nkp.path
@ nkp.path = []
ALIAS nkp.msg ECHO ### $Z -- KILL by $1 for $0 $2-
ALIAS nkp.idx @ FUNCTION_RETURN = RINDEX(! $0) + 1
ALIAS nkp.srv @ FUNCTION_RETURN = INDEX(. $MID($nkp.idx($0) 512 $0))
ON ^SERVER_NOTICE "/*/*/* Notice -- Received KILL*" {
# if (index(. $mid(${rindex(! $11) +1} 512 $11))
IF ( nkp.srv($11) > -1 )
{ nkp.msg $7 $9 }
{ nkp.msg $7 $9 $12- }
@ nkp.path = [$7-]
}
# Function to strip the less significant part of an internet hostname
# $userdomain([email protected]) returns [email protected]
# This eliminates the hostname which may change frequently
alias userdomain {
@ function_return = LEFT($INDEX(@ $0) $0)##[@]##MID(${1+INDEX(. $0)} 99 $0)
}
# Who is that ?
on ^msg * echo *$0!$userdomain($userhost())* $1-
# /w [] get info on someone
# /q [] query someone
# /msend a message
# /nsend a notice
# /rreply to last message I got
# /afollowup on my last message
alias w whois
alias q query
alias m msg
alias n notice
alias r msg $,
alias a msg $.
# /jjoin a channel
# /llist people in a channel
# /ll list in the current channel
# /i[ ] invite someone
# /hop leave the current channel
alias j join
alias l who
alias ll who *
alias i invite
alias hop part $C
# /o[ ] give channel op status
# /d[ ] remove channel op status
# /kkick someone
# /mo [+|-]change current channel mode
alias o mode $C +ooo
alias d mode $C -ooo
alias k kick $C
alias mo mode $C
# the "wrong person" alias! /oopsto resend message to
alias oops {
@ _whoops = [$B]
msg $. Whooops ! Please ignore, that wasn't meant for you.
msg $0 $_whoops
}
alias unset set -$*
alias unalias alias -$*
alias NickServ msg [email protected]
alias NoteServ msg [email protected]
# -------------------------------------------------------------------
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2.10 Writing automatons
An automaton, (also called robot or service), is a program that is connected to the IRC network to provide services. Many people try to set that up with a few ircII commands like:
on ^msg "% help" notice $0 This is LameBot 1.0
However, you should know that setting up an automaton using ircII ON facilities is quick and dirty, and should be reserved for robots that rely on ircII specific features such as DCC (file servers for instance). Writing a program in C, perl or any decent programming language should take longer in the beginning, but your efforts will be rewarded. You can download skeletons of such programs on some ftp sites that keep IRC related stuff (check in the Frequently Asked Questions part).
Although most robots-writers believe they have created a "smart thing", 99% of the robots online happen to be a nuisance to the IRC community, because a few simple rules were not respected by their owners. The main idea is that robots should neither be seen nor heard:
- automatons should be clearly identified as such, having "bot","serv" or "srv" in their nickname.
- they should use NOTICES to communicate with the rest of the world, and not reply to NOTICES they get.
- they should be able to always be killed (craziness is a frequent disease among robots).
- they should be able to be killed remotely by their owner via IRC.
- they should not give access to their owner's real files, (bandits have already been able to crack people's accounts through their robots).
- they should not send messages to channels (unless the channel is dedicated to that robot).
- they should not flood channels with MODE changes. Basically, if you have such a command as:
on -JOIN "Lamer #BotTub" mode #BotTub +o Lamer
then you are wrong. Because this is what you will get:
*** Lamer ([email protected]) has joined channel #bottub
*** Mode change "+o Lamer" on channel #bottub by LameBot
*** Mode change "+o Lamer" on channel #bottub by StupidSrv
*** Mode change "+ooo Lamer Lamer Lamer" on channel #bottub by FloodServ
*** Mode change "+o Lamer" on channel #bottub by Dumbbot
And this will get boring very soon, so don't be surprised if such robots get banned from most channels. A good kludge is to wait until someone asks explicitly the robot to be opped on a channel. This could be:
on -MSG "Lamer op me on #BotTub" mode #BotTub +o Lamer
If you don't respect rules 2 and 6 above, this may happen too:
*** TalkBot ([email protected]) has joined channel #bottub
Hi TalkBot!
Hello LameBot! How are you?
*** Mode change "+o TalkBot" on channel #bottub by LameBot
Fine thanx.
Thank you for the op, LameBot.
No problem, TalkBot.
*** Signoff: Talkbot (ircserver.irc.edu where.the.hell)
*** TalkBot ([email protected]) has joined channel #bottub
*** Mode change "+o TalkBot" on channel #bottub by where.the.hell
*** Mode change "+o LameBot" on channel #bottub by TalkBot
*** Mode change "+o TalkBot" on channel #bottub by LameBot
Thank you for the op, LameBot.
No problem, TalkBot.
...
See? Remember the golden rule:
A smart bot won't act unless explicitly asked by someone to.[ table of contents | navigation bar ]
3. FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
3.1 How do I set up an IRC client?
Here is a list of FTP sites from which you can download a client for your specific operating system.
Table 15: FTP sites with IRC clients
-------------------------------------
UNIX ircII
~~~~~~~~~~
calypso.cs.uregina.ca - /public/outgoing
ftp.acsu.buffalo.edu - /pub/irc
slopoke.mlb.semi.harris.com - /pub/irc
plod.cmbe.unsw.oz.au - /pub
coombs.anu.edu.au - /pub/irc
nic.funet.fi - /pub/unix/irc/ircII
ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de - /pub/net/irc
EMACS elisp
~~~~~~~~~~~
slopoke.mlb.semi.harris.com - /pub/irc/emacs
nic.funet.fi - /pub/unix/irc/Emacs
lehtori.cc.tut.fi - /pub/irchat
ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de - /pub/net/irc
VMS
~~~
coombs.anu.edu.au - /pub/irc/vms
nic.funet.fi - /pub/unix/irc/vms
ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de - /pub/net/irc
REXX for VM
~~~~~~~~~~~
ftp.informatik.uni-oldenburg.de - /pub/irc/rxirc
ftp.informatik.tu-muenchen.de - /pub/net/irc/VM
coombs.anu.edu.au - /pub/irc/rxirc
nic.funet.fi - /pub/unix/irc/rxirc
MSDOS
~~~~~
nic.funet.fi - /pub/unix/irc/msdos
Macintosh
~~~~~~~~~
calypso.cs.uregina.ca
nic.funet.fi - /pub/unix/irc/mac
sumex.stanford.edu - /info-mac/comm
ftp.ira.uka.de - /pub/systems/mac
For Unix machines, you either compile the source yourself, or have someone else on your machine compile the source for you. The current "official" ircII release is version 2.2.1. That means that it is said to be quite bugfree (Hehe, you never know...) In addition to this "official" distribution, you may find preversions of the client to come floating around, for people who like to track down bugs and taste things to come. However, you should be aware of that those clients are being worked on, and may not have all features working properly.
Here are the commands to type to setup an ircII client:
~ > ftp
ftp> verbose off
Verbose mode off.
ftp> open cs.bu.edu
Name (cs.bu.edu:yourname) : ftp
Password: yourname@yourhost
ftp> cd irc/clients
ftp> bin
ftp> get ircII2.2.1.2.tar.Z "|zcat|tar xf -"
ftp> get ircII2.2.1help.tar.Z "|zcat|tar xf -"
ftp> quit
~ >
You now have to go into ircII2.2.1 and read the files explaining how to achieve a successful installation. Have a look at README and INSTALL, edit config.h to define DEFAULT_SERVER, edit Makefile to define INSTALL_EXECUTABLE, IRCII_LIBRARY and the C compiler you will be using, then type make install and wait.
If you can't set up a client on any local machine, you can still use any telnet client:
Table 16: Open telnet clients
------------------------------
Area Command login name
~~~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~
America telnet bradenville.andrew.cmu.edu
telnet chatsubo.nersc.gov bbs
Asia telnet cc.nsysu.edu.tw irc
Europe telnet ircclient.itc.univie.ac.at 6668
telnet irc.ibmpcug.co.uk 9999
Please only use telnet when you have no other way of reaching IRC, as this resource is quite limited.
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3.2 Which server do I connect to?
It's usually best to try and connect to one geographically close, even though that may not be the best. You can always ask when you get on IRC. Here's a list of servers available for connection:
Table 17: Open IRC servers
---------------------------
America Canada ug.cs.dal.ca
~~~~~~~ USA csa.bu.edu
ucsu.coloradu.edu
irc.caltech.edu
Europe Finland nic.funet.fi
~~~~~~ France poly.polytechnique.fr
Germany noc.belwue.de
Sweden irc.nada.kth.se
Oceania Australia munagin.ee.mu.oz.au
~~~~~~~
This is by no means, a comprehensive list, but merely a start. Connect to the closest of these servers and join the channel #Twilight_Zone or, if you are in Europe, #EU-Opers. When you are there, immediately ask what you want. Don't say "I have a question" because then everyone will ignore you until you say it a few times, and then they'll jump down your throat and rip your lungs out. No one knows if he can answer your question until you ask it.
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3.3 What are good channels to try while using IRC?
#Hottub and #riskybus are almost always teeming with people. #Hottub is meant to simulate a hot tub, and #riskybus is a non-stop quiz show similar to Jeopardy. Just join the fun and find out! (German users may try channels named after German university towns...)
Many IRC Operators are in #Twilight_Zone, while European Operators congregate in #EU-Opers. So if you join an Operator channel and don't hear much talking, don't worry; it's not because you joined. Operators don't talk much on such channels anyways!
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3.4 How do I get nifty effects with ircII?
You can highlight messages you send using control chars: parts of text surrounded by control-b (^B) will appear in video reverse to most ircII users for instance. However the appearance of such effects relies on the terminal abilities of the user you're writing to.
In some cases keys are already bound to something. For instance, ^B is normally bound to BACKWARD_CHARACTER, so you will need to define a "quote-character" key: just enter "/BIND ^W QUOTE_CHARACTER" then "/BIND ^W^B SELF_INSERT" and it may work.
Table 18: Highlighting ircII output
------------------------------------
Key Effect
~~~ ~~~~~~
^V Video reverse
^_ Underline
^B Bold
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3.5 What if someone tells me to type something cryptic?
NEVERtype anything anyone tells you to without knowing what it is. There is a problem with typing a certain command with the ircII client that gives anyone immediate control of your client, (and thus can alter your account environment also). Look in the ircII on-line help each time you can.
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3.6 I get strange characters on my screen, what are they?
IRC has quite a few people from Scandinavian countries, }{|][/ are letters in their alphabet (IRC is supposed to support the ISO Latin-1 8-bit character set, but your client must be able to display them.) This has been explained on IRC about a thousand and one times, so read the following, do not ask it on IRC:
Table 19: Nordic countries character translations
--------------------------------------------------
Character Description
~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~
[, { 'a' with two dots over it
], } 'a' with a small circle above it
/, | 'o' with two dots over it, or a dash ("/irchelp/") through it
("[", "]", and "/" = upper case)
In addition to that, Japanese IRC'ers use a special ANSI escape control sequences to transmit their Kanji alphabet. This may also look funny if you get some of it. Here's a sample: [$B$?$K$7[$B;$m$K# (nice, uh?)
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3.7 What about NickServ?
To quote from NickServ's help text, NickServ's purpose is to help avoiding nickname confusions on IRC. There's no such thing as "nickname ownership", however NickServ sends a warning to anyone else who signs on with your nickname. If you don't use IRC for 10 weeks, your nickname registration expires for reuse.
Only a NickServ operator can change your NickServ password. To find out which NickServ operators are on-line, send:
/MSG [email protected] OPERWHO
Nicknames with a "*" next to them are online at the time.
Note: As of this writing, NickServ is down and it is uncertain when or if it will return.
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3.8 I'm being flooded or harassed by a jerk. HELP!
If somebody is behaving like a jerk on IRC, like dumping to a channel Mb's of garbage, then he should be KICKed and eventually banned from the channel, (see "/HELP MODE" for details).
If it's a matter of personal harassment, then you should set a proper IGNORE on that person, (preferably on his userid@hostname). Remember you can use wildcard expressions for IGNORE.
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3.9 How do I get rid of a ghosted IRC session?
Sometimes you may have a "ghosted" IRC session, a process still running on your machine you would like to get rid of, but can't control anymore to issue a QUIT command. Going back to a unix shell, try listing your processes: ("ps -ux" or "ps -f" depending on your system)
poly ~ > ps -ux
USER PID %CPU %MEM SZ RSS TT STAT TIME COMMAND
pioch 10410 1.4 0.2 839 402 pf S 0:00 /usr/local/bin/emacs
pioch 25441 0.6 0.9 2888 1908 ? S 0:32 xterm -ls
pioch 25444 0.4 0.2 550 341 pf S 0:17 -tcsh (tcsh)
pioch 10404 0.1 0.3 897 624 pf S 0:00 irisVx 5 4 10403
pioch 25634 0.0 0.3 1022 678 p6 S 0:22 irc
pioch 25451 0.0 0.2 953 326 ? S 0:07 xmailbox
pioch 25452 0.0 0.1 386 147 ? S 0:00 xdaliclock
pioch 25459 0.0 0.3 1109 617 ? S 0:02 xman
pioch 10403 0.0 0.1 574 124 pf I 0:00 mapleV
pioch 10423 0.0 0.2 614 459 pf R 0:00 /bin/ps -ux
Locate the line about your lost IRC session, (irc should appear in the COMMAND field of the line), and its PID, (process number, second field of the line here). In this example the PID is 25634, as shown here:
USER PID %CPU %MEM SZ RSS TT STAT TIME COMMAND
pioch 25634 0.0 0.3 1022 678 p6 S 0:22 irc
All you then need to type is "kill -KILL" or "kill -9" immediatly followed by the PID found above: "kill -kill 25634" here.
You can get more details about the commands involved here in the standard unix manual, ("man 1 ps" or "man 1 kill").
If your machine crashed, and your nick is still in use on the IRC network, you'll have to wait 4 to 5 minutes for your server to recognize the fact. Getting an Operator to kill the ghost is almost never necessary, just sign on as another nickname and wait for the "Ping timeout" or "Bad link" message, then you can change your nick back.
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3.10 About KILL usage
KILL is a command restricted to IRC-Operators to deal with protocol errors heavily reducing the IRC network functionality. It's to be used with extreme caution, if at all.
KILL should never interfere with channel-operator status.
If you op someone on a channel, you take the consequences. If someone joins #Whatever, you op them, then they kick everyone and lock the channel with some "Mode change +ib *!*@*", then suffer it: it's your fault, don't go whining to an IRC-op to fix it. If a channel is locked, you should start a new one.
Effective methods to deal with obnoxious people are IGNORE, KICK and various MODEs on channels, such as +i and/or +b.
If you have been unjustifiably killed by an IRC-Operator abusing his power to gain illegal channel-operator status for instance, yell! Mail a log to his server IRC-Administrator, (see ADMIN), join #Twilight_Zone or #EU-Opers for European-related problems, and explain what happened.
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3.11 Where can I find more?
Should your question not be listed above, you may want to check the "Frequently Unasked Questions", (FUQ) list, which will be shipping real soon now, featuring replies to:
> Are there any good FTP sites? (1)
How do I join a channel?
How do I become an IRCop?
If you have access to Usenet News, (usually through a program called rn, trn, xrn or nn), you may want to join alt.irc debates, flamings and whinings.
You can also join various IRC related mailing lists. "Operlist" discusses current (and past) server code, routing and protocol. Mail [email protected] to join. Another mailing list, [email protected] exists to discuss protocol revisions for the 3.0 release of ircd, currently in planning. Mail [email protected] to be added to that. There is also low-traffic mailing-lists for ircII vmsirc and irchat clients.
Table 20: IRC related mailing lists
------------------------------------
E-mail for subscriptions What's being talked about
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
[email protected] Server code, routing and protocol.
[email protected] ircd 3.0 protocol
[email protected] European IRC-Operators mailing list
[email protected] ircII mailing list
[email protected] VMS IRC mailing list
[email protected] irchat mailing list
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4. ADMINISTRATIVIA
4.1 Revision history
This is version 1.1 of this paper. Version 1.0 of the IRCprimer was released in postscript form in June 1992 because I was sick of people asking for an IRC or ircII manual (and it was a good way to learn LaTeX!). During summer 1992 Owe Rasmussen did a very nice text conversion of the paper. Due to the support and many remarks I got, a new version is finally completed (special thanks to Olaf Titz !), along with Owe's plain ascii conversion.
The primer is available in 3 formats:
- IRCprimer.ps.Z: Postscript version
- IRCprimer.txt: Plain text version
- IRCprimer.tex.Z: Source code.
4.2 Release sites for the IRCprimer
The latest version of the primer can be found on the following ftp sites, thanks to their admins:
Table 21: IRCprimer release sites
---------------------------------
ftp site location
~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~
nic.funet.fi /pub/unix/irc/docs
cs.bu.edu /irc/support
coombs.anu.edu.au /pub/irc/docs
Here's how to get the latest primer postscript version for example:
~ > ftp
ftp> verbose off
Verbose mode off.
ftp> open cs.bu.edu
Name (cs.bu.edu:yourname): ftp
Password: yourname@yourhost
ftp> cd irc/support
ftp> bin
ftp> get IRCprimer.ps.Z
ftp> quit
~ > uncompress IRCprimer.ps.Z
~ >
4.3 Copyright (C) 1993 Nicolas PIOCH
This manual is free; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the license, or (at your option) any later version.
This manual is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this manual; if not, write to the:
Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
675 Mass Ave,
Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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4.4 Credits
The Interesting information contained in this paper is due to the work of various people interested in IRC improvement; I'm only responsible for omissions and mistakes :-)
It's impossible to give here a full list, however special thanx are due to (in analphabetical order):
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Real life (uh ?) IRC E-mail |
| ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~~~ |
| Christopher Davis ckd [email protected] |
| Christophe Wolfhugel Zolf [email protected] |
| Darren Reed Avalon [email protected] |
| Greg Lindahl, Wumpus [email protected] |
| Helen Rose Trillian [email protected] |
| Ian Frechette Daemon [email protected] |
| Jarkko Oikarinen WiZ [email protected] |
| Jeff Trim [email protected] |
| Jonathon E. Tidswell Ernie [email protected] |
| Karl Kleinpaste poptart [email protected] |
| Matthew Alderson thecure [email protected] |
| Matthew Green phone [email protected] |
| Mauri Haikola Mauri [email protected] |
| Michael Sandrof BigCheese [email protected] |
| Olaf Titz praetorius [email protected] |
| Ove Ruben R. Olsen Gnarfer [email protected] |
| Ronald van Loon rvl [email protected] |
| Troy Rollo Troy [email protected] |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
Feel free to bug me with your comments, I hope I'll have enough time to reply.