Android之Intent全面解析及用法

Intent对Android的核心和灵魂，是各组件之间的桥梁。四大组件分别为Activity 、Service、BroadcastReceiver、ContentProvider。
而这四种组件是独立的，它们之间可以互相调用，协调工作，最终组成一个真正的Android应用。

Intent的中文意思为“意图”，在Android中可以理解为想要做什么，What do want to do? 所以什么时候要用到Intent就很好理解了。

 显示网页:Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://www.google.com");
 Intent it   = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,uri);
 startActivity(it);

 显示地图:
 Uri uri = Uri.parse("geo:38.899533,-77.036476");
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.Action_VIEW,uri);
 startActivity(it);

 路径规划:
 Uri uri = Uri.parse("http://maps.google.com/maps?f=d&saddr=startLat%20startLng&daddr=endLat%20endLng&hl=en");
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW,URI);
 startActivity(it);

 拨打电话:
 调用拨号程序
 Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel:xxxxxx");
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DIAL, uri);
 startActivity(it);
 Uri uri = Uri.parse("tel.xxxxxx");
 Intent it =new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CALL,uri);
 要使用这个必须在配置文件中加入"android.permission.CALL_PHONE" />




 发送SMS/MMS
 调用发送短信的程序

 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
 it.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text");
 it.setType("vnd.android-dir/mms-sms");
 startActivity(it);

 发送短信
 Uri uri = Uri.parse("smsto:0800000123");
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
 it.putExtra("sms_body", "The SMS text");
 startActivity(it);

 发送彩信
 Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://media/external/images/media/23");
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
 it.putExtra("sms_body", "some text");
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, uri);
 it.setType("image/png");
 startActivity(it);

 发送Email
 Uri uri = Uri.parse("mailto:[email protected]");
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
 startActivity(it);
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, "[email protected]");
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");
 it.setType("text/plain");
 startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));
 Intent it=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
 String[] tos={"[email protected]"};
 String[] ccs={"[email protected]"};
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, tos);
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, ccs);
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
 it.setType("message/rfc822");
 startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));

 添加附件
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, "file:///sdcard/mysong.mp3");
 sendIntent.setType("audio/mp3");
 startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));

 播放多媒体
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
 Uri uri = Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/song.mp3");
 it.setDataAndType(uri, "audio/mp3");
 startActivity(it);
 Uri uri = Uri.withAppendedPath(MediaStore.Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "1");
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
 startActivity(it);

 Uninstall 程序
 Uri uri = Uri.fromParts("package", strPackageName, null);
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_DELETE, uri);
 startActivity(it);

 Install　程序
 Uri installUri = Uri.fromParts("package", "xxx", null);
 returnIt = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PACKAGE_ADDED, installUri);

 //搜索应用
 Uri uri = Uri.parse("market://search?q=pname:pkg_name");
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
 startActivity(it);
 //where pkg_name is the full package path for an application
 //显示指定应用的详细页面（这个好像不支持了，找不到app_id）
 Uri uri = Uri.parse("market://details?id=app_id");
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
 startActivity(it);
 //where app_id is the application ID, find the ID
 //by clicking on your application on Market home
 //page, and notice the ID from the address bar

 

 打开另一程序
 Intent i = new Intent();
    ComponentName cn = new ComponentName("com.drip.android2",
                    "com.drip.android2.AndroidSearch");
          i.setComponent(cn);
          i.setAction("android.intent.action.MAIN");
          startActivityForResult(i, RESULT_OK);

 打开联系人列表
 <1>
     Intent i = new Intent();
     i.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
     i.setType("vnd.android.cursor.item/phone");
     startActivityForResult(i, REQUEST_TEXT);

    <2>
    Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://contacts/people");
    Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, uri);
    startActivityForResult(it, REQUEST_TEXT);
 打开录音机
 Intent mi = new Intent(Media.RECORD_SOUND_ACTION);
          startActivity(mi);

   从gallery选取图片
 Inten t i = new Intent();
   i.setType("image/*");
        i.setAction(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
        startActivityForResult(i, 11);

 打开照相机
 <1>Intent i = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CAMERA_BUTTON, null);
           this.sendBroadcast(i);
     <2>long dateTaken = System.currentTimeMillis();
          String name = createName(dateTaken) + ".jpg";
          fileName = folder + name;
          ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
          values.put(Images.Media.TITLE, fileName);
          values.put("_data", fileName);
          values.put(Images.Media.PICASA_ID, fileName);
          values.put(Images.Media.DISPLAY_NAME, fileName);
          values.put(Images.Media.DESCRIPTION, fileName);
          values.put(Images.ImageColumns.BUCKET_DISPLAY_NAME, fileName);
          Uri photoUri = getContentResolver().insert(
                    MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, values);

          Intent inttPhoto = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);
          inttPhoto.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, photoUri);
          startActivityForResult(inttPhoto, 10);

 播放多媒体
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW);
 Uri uri = Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/song.mp3");
 it.setDataAndType(uri, "audio/mp3");
 startActivity(it);

 或者
 Uri uri = Uri.withAppendedPath(MediaStore.Audio.Media.INTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, "1");
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, uri);
 startActivity(it);

 或者
 Uri playUri = Uri.parse("file:///sdcard/download/everything.mp3");
 returnIt = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_VIEW, playUri);
 发送Email
 Uri uri = Uri.parse("mailto:[email protected]");
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SENDTO, uri);
 startActivity(it);

 或者:
 Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
 intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, address);
 intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, filename);
 intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, Uri.parse("file://" + filename)); ;
 intent.setType("text/csv");
 startActivity(Intent.createChooser(intent, "EMail File"));

 或者:
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, "[email protected]");
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");
 it.setType("text/plain");
 startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));

 或者:
 Intent it=new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
 String[] tos={"[email protected]"};
 String[] ccs={"[email protected]"};
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_EMAIL, tos);
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_CC, ccs);
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, "The email body text");
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
 it.setType("message/rfc822");
 startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));

 或者:
 Intent it = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_SEND);
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_SUBJECT, "The email subject text");
 it.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_STREAM, "file:///sdcard/mysong.mp3");
 sendIntent.setType("audio/mp3");
 startActivity(Intent.createChooser(it, "Choose Email Client"));

  后台发送短信
 注册权限
 "android.permission.SEND_SMS" />
 代码实现 :
 // 获取信息内容
 String message ;
 // 移动运营商允许每次发送的字节数据有限，我们可以使用Android给我们提供 的短信工具。
 if (message != null) {
 SmsManager sms = SmsManager.getDefault();
 // 如果短信没有超过限制长度，则返回一个长度的List。
 List texts = sms.divideMessage(message);
 for (String text : texts) {
 sms.sendTextMessage(“这里是接收者电话号码”,  “这里是发送者电话号码”,  “这里是短信内容”,  null, null);
 }
 }
 //说明
 sms.sendTextMessage(destinationAddress, scAddress, text, sentIntent, deliveryIntent)：
 destinationAddress:接收方的手机号码
 scAddress:发送方的手机号码
 text:信息内容
 sentIntent:发送是否成功的回执，
 DeliveryIntent:接收是否成功的回执，

 从google搜索内容
 Intent intent = new Intent();
 intent.setAction(Intent.ACTION_WEB_SEARCH);
 intent.putExtra(SearchManager.QUERY,"searchString")
 startActivity(intent);

 APK 安装
 Intent intent =new Intenet();

 String filepath="/SDCard/XXX.apk";

 intent.setDataAndType(Uri.parse("file://" + filepath),"application/vnd.android.package-archive");
 starActivity(intent);

Activity之间的传递

 Intent intent=new Intent();
 intent.setClass(MainActivity.this, SecondActivity.class);
 startActivity(intent);