(竖的数据表变横的数据表)例子:
--创建tb_course表,并插入测试数据
CREATE TABLE tb_course(
NAME VARCHAR(20), ##姓名
course VARCHAR(20), ##课程
grade INT ##成绩
);
--测试数据
INSERT INTO tb_course (NAME,course,grade) VALUES('tom','JDBC',20);
INSERT INTO tb_course (NAME,course,grade) VALUES('tom','Hibernate',50);
INSERT INTO tb_course (NAME,course,grade) VALUES('tom','Spring',80);
INSERT INTO tb_course (NAME,course,grade) VALUES('marry','JDBC',30);
INSERT INTO tb_course (NAME,course,grade) VALUES('marry','Hibernate',60);
INSERT INTO tb_course (NAME,course,grade) VALUES('marry','Spring',70);
如图:
--开始做翻转
--方法一(在oracle同这种方法):
SELECT NAME,
SUM(DECODE(course,'JDBC',gradem,0)) JDBC,
SUM(DECODE(course,'Hibernate',gradem,0)) Hibernate,
SUM(DECODE(course,'Spring',gradem,0)) Spring
FROM tb_course GROUP BY NAME;
--方法二(在mysql用这种方法):
SELECT NAME,
SUM(IF(course='JDBC',grade,0)) JDBC,
SUM(IF(course='Hibernate',grade,0)) Hibernate,
SUM(IF(course='Spring',grade,0)) Spring
FROM tb_course GROUP BY NAME;
--方法三(这种方法比较麻烦,用自身做一个多表连接,字段多的时候很容易乱):
SELECT t4.name,t1.JDBC,t2.Hibernate,t3.Spring FROM
(SELECT NAME,grade AS JDBC FROM tb_course WHERE course = 'JDBC') t1,
(SELECT NAME,grade AS Hibernate FROM tb_course WHERE course = 'Hibernate') t2,
(SELECT NAME,grade AS Spring FROM tb_course WHERE course = 'Spring') t3,
(SELECT DISTINCT NAME FROM tb_course) t4
WHERE t1.name = t4.name AND t2.name = t4.name AND t3.name = t4.name;
执行以上任意一种方法后表会变成:
###########################################################超级分割线###########################################################
(横的数据表变竖的数据表)例子:
--创建tb_courses表,并插入测试数据
CREATE TABLE tb_courses(--测试数据
INSERT INTO tb_courses VALUES('tom',20,50,80);
INSERT INTO tb_courses VALUES('marry',30,60,70);
如图:
--开始做翻转
--方法一(在oracle 与mysql都可用这种方法):
(SELECT NAME,'JDBC' COURSE,JDBC grade FROM tb_courses)执行后表会变成:
温馨提示:
UNION与UNION ALL的区别:union与union all 都是查询结果的并集,但是union多了一步去重复数据,所以效率上没union all高,另外union会对查询结果做排序。