python练习实例——用curses在终端实现贪吃蛇小游戏

   curses包的封装用于实现终端无关的控制台输出以及输入处理。curses包支持各种终端，从古老的VT100到LINUX控制台到X11终端如xterm或rxvt。而python中的curses模块是对curses包的C语言的简单封装，并对curses的调用做了简化，将C接口中的addstr, mvaddstr, mvwaddstr三个函数合并成了一个单独的addstr函数。

   前几天在b站上看到一个外国小哥的视频，用curses写了一个简单的贪吃蛇游戏，代码不到80行，感觉很有意思。不过有点小bug，我自己动手实现了一下，做了一些完善并附上了注释，在这里记录并分享一下（注意：curses包只能在linux下使用，如果是windows，可以用unofficial curses）

import curses
import random

# initialize the window
s = curses.initscr()
curses.curs_set(0)
hei, wei = s.getmaxyx()  # the value of first getting is y,not x
w = curses.newwin(hei, wei, 0, 0)
w.keypad(1)
w.timeout(100)

# initialize the position of snake
sn_x = int(wei/4)
sn_y = int(hei/2)
snake = [[sn_y, sn_x], [sn_y, sn_x-1], [sn_y, sn_x-2]]

# initialize the position of food
food_pos = [int(hei/2), int(wei/2)]
w.addch(food_pos[0], food_pos[1], '$')

key = curses.KEY_RIGHT

# start
while True:
    next_key = w.getch()  # The program stops waiting for user input. If not input for 100 milliseconds,go on
    if next_key != -1:  # got the input char
        if key == curses.KEY_RIGHT and next_key != curses.KEY_LEFT \
                or key == curses.KEY_LEFT and next_key != curses.KEY_RIGHT \
                or key == curses.KEY_DOWN and next_key != curses.KEY_UP \
                or key == curses.KEY_UP and next_key != curses.KEY_DOWN:
                key = next_key
            
    # the situation of death
    if snake[0][0] in [0, hei] or snake[0][1] in [0, wei] or snake[0] in snake[1:]:
        curses.endwin()
        quit()

    # update the 'snake'
    temp = snake[0][0]
    temp2 = snake[0][1]
    new_head = [temp, temp2]
    if key == curses.KEY_RIGHT:
        new_head[1] += 1
    if key == curses.KEY_LEFT:
        new_head[1] -= 1
    if key == curses.KEY_DOWN:
        new_head[0] += 1
    if key == curses.KEY_UP:
        new_head[0] -= 1
    snake.insert(0, new_head)

    # the situation of eating food
    if snake[0] == food_pos:
        food_pos = None
        while food_pos is None:
            new_food = [random.randint(1, hei-1), random.randint(1, wei-1)]
            if new_food not in snake:
                food_pos = new_food
        w.addch(food_pos[0], food_pos[1], '$')
    else:
        tail = snake.pop()
        w.addch(tail[0], tail[1], ' ')  # remove the tail

    # snake move
    w.addch(snake[0][0], snake[0][1], '@')

代码写好后，在程序所在的目录开启终端，运行对应的sh文件就可以玩了

谢谢观看:)