对数四则运算推导

设: m = l n a , n = l n b m=lna,n=lnb m=lnan=lnb,则:

a = e m , b = e n a=e^m,b=e^n a=emb=en
a × b = ( e m ) × ( e n ) = e m + n a×b=(e^m)×(e^n)=e^{m+n} a×b=(em)×(en)=emn

则: l n ( a × b ) = m + n = l n a + l n b ln(a×b)=m+n=lna+lnb ln(a×b)=mn=lnalnb
即: l n a + l n b = l n ( a b ) lna+lnb=ln(ab) lnalnb=ln(ab)

另外, a ÷ b = e m ÷ e n = e m - n a÷b=e^m÷e^n=e^{m-n} a÷b=em÷en=emn
则: l n ( a ÷ b ) = m - n = l n a - l n b ln(a÷b)=m-n=lna-lnb ln(a÷b)=mn=lnalnb

即: l n a - l n b = l n ( a b ) lna-lnb=ln(\frac{a}{b}) lnalnb=ln(ba)

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