Centos-7 LVM系统学习向实验教程(建立、扩容和移除)

文章目录

    • 一、简介
      • 什么是LVM?
      • 为什么要使用LVM?
      • LVM工作机制
      • 逻辑卷管理概念
    • 二、建立LVM的流程
    • 三、LVM相关命令
      • 物理卷PV
      • 卷组VG
      • 逻辑卷LV
    • 四、实验
      • 1. 添加硬盘
      • 2. 检查LVM管理工具
      • 3. 创建物理卷PV
        • a. 查看磁盘分区情况
        • b. 创建分区
        • c. 创建物理卷
      • 4. 创建卷组VG
      • 5. 创建逻辑卷LV
      • 6. 逻辑卷格式化
      • 7. 挂载使用
      • 8. 扩容
        • a. 卷组扩容
        • b. 逻辑卷扩容
        • c. 更新文件系统
      • 9. 缩减(略)
      • 10. 移除LVM
    • 五、参考资料


一、简介

什么是LVM?

LVM是**逻辑盘卷管理(Logical Volume Manager)**的简称,它是Linux环境下对硬盘分区进行管理的一种机制,LVM是建立在硬盘和分区之上的一个逻辑层,来提高硬盘分区管理的灵活性。

为什么要使用LVM?

在日常工作或者学习中,随着电脑的不断被使用,我们的硬盘空间可能会越来越小,这时候,我们不能直接更换大硬盘,因为硬盘有价,数据无价,这时候我们就可以使用LVM,LVM将存储虚拟化,使用逻辑卷,你不会受限于物理硬盘的大小,另外,和硬件相关的存储设置被其隐藏,你能不用停止应用或卸载文件系统来调整卷大小或数据迁移。这样能减少操作成本,LVM最大的特点就是可以对硬盘进行动态管理。因为逻辑卷的大小是可以动态调整的,而且不会丢失现有的数据。如果我们新增加了硬盘,其也不会改变现有上层的逻辑卷。作为一个动态硬盘管理机制,逻辑卷技术大大提高了硬盘管理的灵活性。

LVM工作机制

LVM就是通过将底层的物理硬盘抽象的封装起来,然后以逻辑卷的方式呈现给上层应用。在传统的硬盘管理机制中,我们的上层应用是直接访问文件系统,从而对底层的物理硬盘进行读取,而在LVM中,其通过对底层的硬盘进行封装,当我们对底层的物理硬盘进行操作时,其不再是针对于分区进行操作,而是通过一个叫做逻辑卷的东西来对其进行底层的硬盘管理操作。

逻辑卷管理概念

  • 物理卷(PV,Physical Volume)

    物理卷就是指硬盘、硬盘分区或从逻辑上和硬盘分区具有同样功能的设备(如RAID)。它在LVM中处于最底层,是LVM的基本存储逻辑块。但与基本的物理存储介质相比,它包含了与LVM相关的管理参数。

  • 卷组(VG,Volume Group)

    卷组建立在物理卷之上,由一个或多个物理卷组成,在卷组建立之后可以动态添加物理卷到卷组中。

  • 逻辑卷(LV,Logical Volume)

    逻辑卷建立在卷组之上,卷组中的未分配空间可以用于建立新的逻辑卷,逻辑卷建立后可以动态地扩展和缩小空间。系统中的多个逻辑卷可以属于同一个卷组,也可以属于不同的卷组。

  • 物理块(PE,Physical Extent)

    LVM系统中最小的存储区块,每个PE区块默认大小为4M。

Centos-7 LVM系统学习向实验教程(建立、扩容和移除)_第1张图片

二、建立LVM的流程

  1. 新增物理盘或者分区
  2. 把分区/整个物理盘建立成物理卷(PV)
  3. 把物理卷整合成卷组(VG)
  4. 把卷组划分成逻辑卷(LV)

对上层应用或用户来说,逻辑卷(LV)就是分区,所以还需要格式化和挂载。

三、LVM相关命令

物理卷PV

  • pvcreate
    新建物理卷

  • pvdisplay
    显示物理卷信息

  • pvremove
    删除物理卷

  • pvscan / pvs
    简要显示物理卷信息

卷组VG

  • vgcreate
    新建卷组(可选参数-s,设置PE大小,默认为4M)

  • vgdisplay 
    显示卷组信息

  • vgremove 
    删除卷组

  • vgextend 
    扩展卷组

  • vgscan / vgs 
    简要显示卷组信息

  • vgreduce 
    缩减卷组大小

逻辑卷LV

  • lvcreate
    新建逻辑卷

  • lvdisplay 
    显示逻辑卷信息

  • lvremove 
    删除逻辑卷

  • lvextend 
    扩展逻辑卷

  • lvscan / vgs 
    简要显示逻辑卷信息

  • lvreduce 
    缩减逻辑卷大小

四、实验

1. 添加硬盘

为虚拟机添加一块硬盘(如5G),给原来的硬盘扩容一定空间(如10G)

2. 检查LVM管理工具

检查系统中是否安装了LVM管理工具

rpm -qa |grep lvm
#llvm-private-7.0.1-1.el7.x86_64
#lvm2-libs-2.02.186-7.el7_8.2.x86_64
#lvm2-2.02.186-7.el7_8.2.x86_64
#mesa-private-llvm-3.9.1-3.el7.x86_64

如果未安装,则通过yum安装

yum install -y lvm*

3. 创建物理卷PV

a. 查看磁盘分区情况

fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors				# 硬盘 sda(已扩容10G)
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes									# 每个扇区 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x000ac1d5

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux			# 分区 sda1
/dev/sda2         2099200    41943039    19921920   8e  Linux LVM		# 分区 sda2

Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors				# 硬盘 sdb(新添加的5G硬盘)
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x942a9fee

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System			# 无分区

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 18.2 GB, 18249416704 bytes, 35643392 sectors	# 逻辑卷,根分区
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes


Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 2147 MB, 2147483648 bytes, 4194304 sectors	# 逻辑卷,交换分区
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

可以看出:硬盘sda总容量为32.2G,已经创建了两个分区,占用了近20G的空间;而硬盘sdb总容量近5G(有一部分信息占用),还没有分区。

b. 创建分区

分别创建三个分区sda3(2G)sda4(3G)sdb1(5G)

fdisk /dev/sda	## 先创建硬盘sda1的两个分区

#Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

#Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
#Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): 

输入m查看可以执行的操作

Command action
   a   toggle a bootable flag
   b   edit bsd disklabel
   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
   d   delete a partition							# 删除一个分区
   g   create a new empty GPT partition table
   G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
   l   list known partition types
   m   print this menu								# 显示本提示菜单
   n   add a new partition							# 新建一个分区
   o   create a new empty DOS partition table
   p   print the partition table					# 显示分区表
   q   quit without saving changes					# 退出,不保存修改
   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
   t   change a partition's system id
   u   change display/entry units
   v   verify the partition table
   w   write table to disk and exit					# 保存并退出
   x   extra functionality (experts only)

按照以下流程创建硬盘sda的分区

Command (m for help): n									## 输入n选择新建分区
#Partition type:
#   p   primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
#   e   extended
Select (default p): p									## 输入p选择分区类型primary
Partition number (3,4, default 3):						## 输入分区编号,默认即可,直接按回车
First sector (41943040-62914559, default 41943040): 	## 输入起始扇区,如无特殊需求,默认即可
#Using default value 41943040
Last sector, +sectors or +size{
     K,M,G} (41943040-62914559, default 62914559):+2G ## 输入终止扇区,输入+2G
#Partition 3 of type Linux and of size 2 GiB is set

Command (m for help): n									## 相同方法建立分区sda4(3G)
#Partition type:
#   p   primary (3 primary, 0 extended, 1 free)
#   e   extended
Select (default e): p
# Selected partition 4
First sector (46137344-62914559, default 46137344): 
#Using default value 46137344
Last sector, +sectors or +size{
     K,M,G} (46137344-62914559, default 62914559): +3G
#Partition 4 of type Linux and of size 3 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p									## 查看分区表

#Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors
#Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
#Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
#I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
#Disk label type: dos
#Disk identifier: 0x000ac1d5

#   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
#/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
#/dev/sda2         2099200    41943039    19921920   8e  Linux LVM
#/dev/sda3        41943040    46137343     2097152   83  Linux
#/dev/sda4        46137344    52428799     3145728   83  Linux

Command (m for help): w									## 写入并退出,输入w
#The partition table has been altered!

#Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
												## 如果出现以下警告,需要通过partprobe命令刷新分区表
#WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
#The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
#the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
#Syncing disks.

按相同步骤创建sdb的分区

fdisk /dev/sdb
#Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

#Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
#Be careful before using the write command.

Command (m for help): n
#Partition type:
#   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
#   e   extended
Select (default p): 
#Using default response p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 
First sector (2048-10485759, default 2048): 
#Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{
     K,M,G} (2048-10485759, default 10485759): 
#Using default value 10485759
#Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 5 GiB is set

Command (m for help): p

#Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
#Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
#Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
#I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
#Disk label type: dos
#Disk identifier: 0x942a9fee

#   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
#/dev/sdb1            2048    10485759     5241856   83  Linux

Command (m for help): w
#The partition table has been altered!

#Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
#Syncing disks.

c. 创建物理卷

pvcreate /dev/sda3
#  Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created.
pvcreate /dev/sda4
#  Physical volume "/dev/sda4" successfully created.
pvcreate /dev/sdb1
#  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.

查看物理卷

pvdisplay
--- Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda2
  VG Name               centos
  PV Size               <19.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB
  Allocatable           yes (but full)
  PE Size               4.00 MiB
  Total PE              4863
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          4863
  PV UUID               qTo5uY-ecSU-r1aW-1OMu-l1Pt-e57r-n2HbTM
   
  "/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "<5.00 GiB"
  --- NEW Physical volume ---												## 新的物理卷
  PV Name               /dev/sdb1											## 物理卷名称
  VG Name               													## 物理卷所属卷组
  PV Size               <5.00 GiB											## 物理卷大小
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0   
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               ooXcxF-N5iX-CTMP-BZUX-M0gU-XYMS-GUMbJe
   
  "/dev/sda4" is a new physical volume of "3.00 GiB"
  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda4
  VG Name               
  PV Size               3.00 GiB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0   
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               DYViEl-d73z-VfR8-a9Iw-2fUh-2iJ1-BqvpKl
   
  "/dev/sda3" is a new physical volume of "2.00 GiB"
  --- NEW Physical volume ---
  PV Name               /dev/sda3
  VG Name               
  PV Size               2.00 GiB
  Allocatable           NO
  PE Size               0   
  Total PE              0
  Free PE               0
  Allocated PE          0
  PV UUID               q88GX5-4TdH-wSSY-Ijd0-9oWC-H1Io-zL9bPj

4. 创建卷组VG

将分区sda3与分区sdb1组合创建为卷组vg2

vgcreate vg2 /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb1
#  Volume group "vg2" successfully created

显示卷组信息

vgdisplay vg2
#  --- Volume group ---
#  VG Name               vg2												## 卷组名
#  System ID             
#  Format                lvm2
#  Metadata Areas        2
#  Metadata Sequence No  1
#  VG Access             read/write
#  VG Status             resizable
#  MAX LV                0
#  Cur LV                0
#  Open LV               0
#  Max PV                0
#  Cur PV                2
#  Act PV                2
#  VG Size               6.99 GiB											## 卷组大小
#  PE Size               4.00 MiB											## PE大小(默认4M)
#  Total PE              1790
#  Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0   
#  Free  PE / Size       1790 / 6.99 GiB
#  VG UUID               Xdlgm2-UM6n-wMRi-1tY3-4L3Q-iDSZ-trI59P

5. 创建逻辑卷LV

创建属于卷组vg2的逻辑卷lv1

lvcreate -L 4G -n lv1 vg2						## lvcreate: -l pe-num  以PE数建立逻辑卷
#  Logical volume "lv1" created.				##			 -L size	指定容量建立逻辑卷
												## 			 -n name	指定逻辑卷名称

显示逻辑卷

lvdisplay /dev/vg2/lv1
#  --- Logical volume ---
#  LV Path                /dev/vg2/lv1									## 逻辑卷路径
#  LV Name                lv1											## 逻辑卷名
#  VG Name                vg2											## 逻辑卷所属卷组名
#  LV UUID                f1mvDg-Unck-0G9B-6zsD-Tfms-NViR-cgoIkK
#  LV Write Access        read/write
#  LV Creation host, time centos, 2020-09-10 13:19:41 +0800
#  LV Status              available
#  # open                 0
#  LV Size                4.00 GiB										## 逻辑卷大小
#  Current LE             1024
#  Segments               1
#  Allocation             inherit
#  Read ahead sectors     auto
#  - currently set to     8192
#  Block device           253:2

6. 逻辑卷格式化

mkfs.xfs /dev/vg2/lv1			## 将逻辑卷lv1格式化为xfs文件系统

#meta-data=/dev/vg2/lv1           isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=262144 blks	## 与逻辑卷对应的文件系统名称
#         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
#         =                       crc=1        finobt=0, sparse=0
#data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=1048576, imaxpct=25
#         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
#naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
#log      =internal log           bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
#         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
#realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

7. 挂载使用

将格式化后的逻辑卷挂载到系统目录中即可使用(确保挂载目录未被占用)

mount /dev/vg2/lv1 /mnt					## 挂载到/mnt目录
df -Th /mnt								## 查看挂载信息

#Filesystem          Type  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
#/dev/mapper/vg2-lv1 xfs   4.0G   33M  4.0G   1% /mnt			## /dev/mapper/vg2-lv1注意该名称,后续会用

进入挂载目录,新建一个文件并写入一些信息

cd /mnt
ls
echo test if this file will be cleaned > file
cat file

8. 扩容

目前容量大小:

名称 大小
vg2 7G
lv1 4G
sda4 3G

根据卷组是否能够提供足够容量为逻辑卷扩容,扩容也分为两种:直接扩容逻辑卷和先扩容卷组再扩容逻辑卷。

目标:以物理卷sda4扩容卷组vg2,继而为逻辑卷lv1扩容至9G

a. 卷组扩容

vgextend vg2 /dev/sda4
#  Volume group "vg2" successfully extended

vgdisplay vg2
#  --- Volume group ---
#  VG Name               vg2
#  System ID             
#  Format                lvm2
#  Metadata Areas        3
#  Metadata Sequence No  3
#  VG Access             read/write
#  VG Status             resizable
#  MAX LV                0
#  Cur LV                1
#  Open LV               1
#  Max PV                0
#  Cur PV                3
#  Act PV                3
#  VG Size               <9.99 GiB										## 扩容后的卷组大小
#  PE Size               4.00 MiB
#  Total PE              2557
#  Alloc PE / Size       1024 / 4.00 GiB
#  Free  PE / Size       1533 / <5.99 GiB
#  VG UUID               Xdlgm2-UM6n-wMRi-1tY3-4L3Q-iDSZ-trI59P

b. 逻辑卷扩容

lvextend -L +5G /dev/vg2/lv1
#  Size of logical volume vg2/lv1 changed from 4.00 GiB (1024 extents) to 9.00 GiB (2304 extents).
#  Logical volume vg2/lv1 successfully resized.

lvdisplay /dev/vg2/lv1
#  --- Logical volume ---
#  LV Path                /dev/vg2/lv1
#  LV Name                lv1
#  VG Name                vg2
#  LV UUID                f1mvDg-Unck-0G9B-6zsD-Tfms-NViR-cgoIkK
#  LV Write Access        read/write
#  LV Creation host, time centos, 2020-09-10 13:19:41 +0800
#  LV Status              available
#  # open                 1
#  LV Size                9.00 GiB												## 扩容后的逻辑卷大小
#  Current LE             2304
#  Segments               3
#  Allocation             inherit
#  Read ahead sectors     auto
#  - currently set to     8192
#  Block device           253:2

但查看实际的硬盘容量,发现并没有改变,仍未4G,而非9G

df -Th /mnt
#Filesystem          Type  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
#/dev/mapper/vg2-lv1 xfs   4.0G   33M  4.0G   1% /mnt

这是因为需要更新文件系统才会使更改生效

c. 更新文件系统

xfs_growfs /dev/vg2/lv1
#meta-data=/dev/mapper/vg2-lv1    isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=262144 blks
#         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1
#         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0
#data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=1048576, imaxpct=25
#         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks
#naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
#log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2
#         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
#realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0
#data blocks changed from 1048576 to 2359296

df -Th /mnt
#Filesystem          Type  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
#/dev/mapper/vg2-lv1 xfs   9.0G   33M  9.0G   1% /mnt

如果逻辑卷格式化时,文件系统为ext4格式,则更新命令应为 resize2fs

如果已存在的物理卷不足以将逻辑卷扩容至所需大小,则应先进行硬盘分区并创建物理卷后再按以上步骤进行扩容

查看挂载目录下的测试文件,并没有被清除,证明了LVM能够动态扩容容量而不丢失数据

cat /mnt/file
#test if this file will be cleaned

9. 缩减(略)

一般情况下,只是对磁盘进行扩容,缩减并没有实际意义

并且,xfs文件系统只支持扩容而不支持缩减,ext4文件系统支持缩减,以下为简要步骤(假设刚才格式化文件系统为ext4格式)

  1. 取消挂载点(umount /mnt)
  2. 缩减4G文件系统(resize2fs /dev/vg2/lv1 -4G),提示需要先允许磁盘检查(如果不加 - 则为缩减至4G)
  3. 检查磁盘(e2fsck -f /dev/vg2/lv1)
  4. 再次执行缩减(resize2fs /dev/vg2/lv1 -4G)
  5. 缩减4G逻辑卷(lvreduce -L -4G /dev/vg2/lv1),此处缩减大小必须与文件系统缩减大小保持一致
  6. 挂载查看

10. 移除LVM

若要移除LVM,则按照创建的过程反向操作,即:

  1. 取消挂载点
  2. 移除逻辑卷LV
  3. 移除卷组VG
  4. 移除物理卷PV
  5. 删除分区(可无)
  • 取消挂载点并检查(不要在相应挂载目录中操作,否则会报被占用)

    umount /mnt
    df -Th /mnt
    
    #Filesystem              Type  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
    #/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs    17G   14G  3.2G  82% /
    
  • 移除逻辑卷LV并检查

    lvremove /dev/mapper/vg2-lv1													## 移除逻辑卷
    #Do you really want to remove active logical volume vg2/lv1? [y/n]: y			## 输入y确认移除
    #  Logical volume "lv1" successfully removed
    
    lvs
    #  LV   VG     Attr       LSize   Pool Origin Data%  Meta%  Move Log Cpy%Sync Convert
    #  root centos -wi-ao---- <17.00g                                                    
    #  swap centos -wi-ao----   2.00g												## 逻辑卷lv1已不存在
    
  • 移除卷组VG并检查

    vgremove vg2
    #  Volume group "vg2" successfully removed
    
    vgs
    #  VG     #PV #LV #SN Attr   VSize   VFree
    #  centos   1   2   0 wz--n- <19.00g    0					## 卷组vg2已不存在
    
  • 移除物理卷PV并检查

    pvremove /dev/sda3 /dev/sda4 /dev/sdb1
    #  Labels on physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully wiped.
    #  Labels on physical volume "/dev/sda4" successfully wiped.
    #  Labels on physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully wiped.
    
    pvs
    #  PV         VG     Fmt  Attr PSize   PFree
    #  /dev/sda2  centos lvm2 a--  <19.00g    0					## 三个逻辑卷已不存在
    

    至此,LVM已被移除,可选择继续删除分区。

  • 删除分区并检查

    fdisk /dev/sda
    #Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
    
    #Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
    #Be careful before using the write command.
    
    
    Command (m for help): d
    Partition number (1-4, default 4): 				## 回车选择默认sda4分区
    #Partition 4 is deleted
    
    Command (m for help): d
    Partition number (1-3, default 3): 				## 回车选择默认sda3分区
    #Partition 3 is deleted
    
    Command (m for help): w
    #The partition table has been altered!
    
    #Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    
    #WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
    #The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
    #the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
    #Syncing disks.
    
    partprobe										## 刷新分区表
    
    fdisk /dev/sdb
    #Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
    
    #Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
    #Be careful before using the write command.
    
    
    Command (m for help): d
    #Selected partition 1
    #Partition 1 is deleted
    
    Command (m for help): w
    #The partition table has been altered!
    
    #Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
    #Syncing disks.
    
    fdisk -l /dev/sda /dev/sdb
    
    #Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors
    #Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    #Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    #I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    #Disk label type: dos
    #Disk identifier: 0x000ac1d5
    
    #   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
    #/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux
    #/dev/sda2         2099200    41943039    19921920   8e  Linux LVM			## 分区sda3、sda4已不存在
    
    #Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes, 10485760 sectors
    #Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    #Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    #I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
    #Disk label type: dos
    #Disk identifier: 0x942a9fee
    
    #   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System				## 分区sdb1已不存在
    

五、参考资料

  1. linux LVM逻辑卷的创建,扩容,缩减和删除
  2. 零基础Linux入门42.磁盘和文件系统管理(六)LVM详解

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