Kubernetes容器云平台入门与进阶+单节点实验

Kubernetes容器云平台入门与进阶

文章目录

  • Kubernetes容器云平台入门与进阶
  • Kubernetes简介
    • Kubernetes特性
      • 单节点Kubernetes
      • Kubernetes核心概念
    • Kubernetes集群部署(单节点)
      • 官方提供的三种部署方式
      • 自签SSL证书
      • Etcd数据库群集部署
      • Node安装Docker
      • Flannel容器群集网络部署
      • 部署Master组件
      • 部署Node组件
      • 实验

Kubernetes多节点
三副本机制,master最少三台,每台master的node最少三个,备份三份等

Kubernetes简介

Kubernetes
Kubernetes是Google在2014年开源的一个容器群集管理系统,Kubernetes简称K8S。

发展:
1.mesos+zookeeper+marathon 架构
2.docker+swarm 容器群集管理
3.kubernetes 开源框架 —>二次开发 API接口 舵手(Go语言开发)

K8S用于容器化应用程序的部署,扩展和管理。

K8S提供了容器编排,资源调度,弹性伸缩,部署管理。服务发现等一系列功能。
部署管理:无状态、有状态—>由控制器完成。
服务发现:ETCD—>相当于分布式数据库(自动的服务发现)。(ETCD在生产环境最少三台起步)

Kubernetes目标是让部署容器化应用简单高效

官方网站:http://www.kubernetes.io

Kubernetes特性

自我修复
在节点故障时重新启动失败的容器,替换和重新部署,保证预期的副本数量;杀死将康检查失败的容器,并且在为准备好之前不会处理客户端请求,确保线上服务部中断。
弹性伸缩
使用命令、UI或者加基于CPU使用情况自动快速扩容和缩容应用程序实例,保证应用业务高峰并发时的高可用性;业务地缝时挥手资源,以最小成本运行服务。
自动部署和回滚
K8S采用滚动更新策略更新应用,一次更新一个Pod,而不是同时删除所有Pod,如果封信过程中出现问题,将回滚更改,确保升级不受影响业务。
服务发现和负载均衡
K8S为多个容器提供一个统一访问入口(管理方的入口,客户端的入口)(内部IP地址和一个DNS名称),并且负载均衡关联的所有容器,使得用户无需考虑容器IP问题。
机密和配置管理
管理机密数据和应用程序配置,而不需要吧敏感数据暴露在镜像里,提高敏感数据安全性。并可以将一些常用的配置存储在K8S中,方便应用程序使用。
存储编排
挂载外部存储系统,无论是来自本地存储,公有云(如AWS),还是网络存储(如NFS、GlusterFS、Ceph)都作为群集资源的一部分,几大提高存储使用灵活性
批处理
提供一次性任务,定时任务;满足批量数据处理和分析的场景。

单节点Kubernetes

三个节点:master主控节点 node1 node2
kubectl 管理人员操作的操作指令
两个node:提供业务
两个入口:一个是客户端访问的,一个是管理员访问的
两种方式管理资源:kubectl、YAML文件

Kubernetes核心概念

  • Pod
    最小部署单元
    一组容器的集合
    一个Pod中的容器共享网络命名空间
    Pod是短暂的

  • Controllers
    ReplicaSet:确保预期的Pod副本数量
    Deployment:无状态应用部署
    StatefulSet:用状态应用部署
    DaemonSet:确保所有Node节点运行在同一个Pod
    Job:一次性任务
    Cronjob:定时任务
    更高层次对象,部署和管理Pod

  • Service
    防止Pod失联
    定义一组Pod的访问策略

  • Label:标签,附加到某个资源上,用于关联对象、查询和筛选

  • Namepaces:命名空间,将对象逻辑上隔离

  • Annotations:注释

Kubernetes集群部署(单节点)

官方提供的三种部署方式

  • minikube
    Minkube是一个工具,可以在本地快速运行一个单点的Kubernetes,仅用于尝试Kubernetes或日常开的用户使用
    部署地址:https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup/minikube/
  • kubeadm
    Kubeadm也是一个工具,提供kubeadm init和kubeadm join,用于快速部署Kubernetes集群。
    部署地址:https://kubernetes.io/docs/setup-tools/kubeadm/kubeadm/
  • 二进制包
    推荐,从官方下载发行的二进制包,手动部署每个组件,组成Kubernetes集群
    下载地址:https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases

自签SSL证书

etcd:ca.pem server.pem server-key.pem
flannel:ca.pem server.pem server-key.pem
kube-apiserve:ca.pem server.pem server-key.pem
kubelet:ca.pem ca-key.pem
kube-proxy:ca.pem kube-proxy.pem kube-proxy-key.pem
kubectl:ca.pem admin.pem admin-key.pem

Etcd数据库群集部署

etcd具有以下特点:
	完全复制:集群中的每个节点都可以使用完整的存档
	高可用性:Etcd可用于避免硬件的单点故障或网络问题
	一致性:每次读取都会返回跨多主机的最新写入
	简单:包括一个定义良好、面向用户的API(gRPC)
	快速:每秒10000次写入的基准速度
	可靠:使用Raft算法实现强一致性、高可用服务存储目录

Node安装Docker

Flannel容器群集网络部署

flannel网络组件
	Overlay Network:覆盖网络,在基础网络叠加的一种虚拟网络技术模式,该网络中的主机通过虚拟链路连接起来。
	VXLAN:将源数据包封装到UDP中,并使用基础网络的IP/MAC作为外层报文头进行封装,然后在以太网上传输,到达目的地后由隧道端点解封装并将数据发送给目标地址。
	Flannel:是Overlay网络的一种。也是将源数据包封装在另一种网络包里面进行路由转发和通信,目前已经支持UDP、VXLAN、VPC和GCE路由等数据转发方式。

部署Master组件

负责管理Kubernetes集群。它们管理pod的生命周期,pod是Kubernetes集群内部署的基本单元。

  • kube-apiserver 主要组件,为其他master组件公开API。
  • etcd 分布式密钥/值存储库,Kubernetes使用它来持久化存储所有集群信息。
  • kube-scheduler 依照pod规范中的信息,来决定运行pod的节点。
  • kube-controller-manager 负责节点管理(检测节点是否出现故障)、pod复制和端点创建。
  • cloud-controller-manager 守护进程,充当API和不同云提供商工具(存储卷、负载均衡器等)之间的抽象层。

部署Node组件

节点组件是Kubernetes中的worker机器,受到master的管理。节点可以是虚拟机(VM)或物理机器——Kubernetes在这两种类型的系统上都能良好运行。
每个节点都包含运行pod的必要组件:

  • kubelet 为位于那个节点上的pod监视API服务器,确保它们正常运行
    kubelet处理着master和在其上运行的节点之间的所有通信。它以manifest的形式接收来自主设备的命令,manifest定义着工作负载和操作参数。它与负责创建、启动和监视pod的容器运行时进行接合。
    kubelet还会周期性地对配置的活跃度探针和准备情况进行检查。它会不断监视pod的状态,并在出现问题时启动新实例。kubelet还有一个内部HTTP服务器,在端口10255上显示一个只读视图。除此之外,在/healthz上还有一个健康检查端点,以及一些其他状态端点。例如,我们可以在/pods获取正在运行的pod的列表。我们还可以在/spec获取kubelet正在运行的机器的详情。
  • cAdvisor 收集在特定节点上运行着的pod的相关指标
  • kube-proxy 监视API服务器,实时获取pod或服务的变化,以使网络保持最新
  • kube-proxy组件在每个节点上运行,负责代理UDP、TCP和SCTP数据包(它不了解HTTP)。它负责维护主机上的网络规则,并处理pod、主机和外部世界之间的数据包传输。它就像是节点上运行着的pod的网络代理和负载均衡器一样,通过在iptables使用NAT实现东/西负载均衡。
    容器运行时 负责管理容器镜像,并在该节点上运行容器

实验

所有节点清空防火墙规则和关闭核心防护

iptables -F
setenforce 0

一:环境部署

官网地址:https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/releases?after=v1.13.1

二:K8S部署
环境

master:192.168.20.10	kube-apiserver kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler etcd
node1:192.168.20.20		kubelet kube-proxy docker flannel etcd
node2:192.168.20.30		kubelet kube-proxy docker flannel etcd

//证书制作
//master操作

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname master
[root@localhost ~]# su
[root@master ~]# mkdir k8s
[root@master ~]# cd k8s/
[root@master k8s]# ls	//从宿主机拖进来
etcd-cert.sh  etcd.sh
[root@master k8s]# mkdir etcd-cert
[root@master k8s]# mv etcd-cert.sh etcd-cert

//下载证书制作工具

[root@master k8s]# cd etcd-cert/
[root@master etcd-cert]# vim cfssl.sh
curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssl
curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssljson
curl -L https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 -o /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl /usr/local/bin/cfssljson /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo
[root@master etcd-cert]# bash cfssl.sh	//下载cfssl官方包[root@master etcd-cert]# ls		下载软件包拖入
cfssl  cfssl-certinfo  cfssljson  etcd-cert  etcd.sh
[root@master etcd-cert]# mv cfssl* /usr/local/bin/
[root@master etcd-cert]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/cfssl /usr/local/bin/cfssljson /usr/local/bin/cfssl-certinfo

[root@master etcd-cert]# ls /usr/local/bin/
cfssl  cfssl-certinfo  cfssljson

//开始制作证书
//cfssl 生成证书工具 cfssljson通过传入json文件生成证书
cfssl-certinfo查看证书信息

//定义ca证书

[root@master etcd-cert]# cat > ca-config.json <<EOF
> {
     
>   "signing": {
     
>     "default": {
     
>       "expiry": "87600h"
>     },
>     "profiles": {
     
>       "www": {
     
>          "expiry": "87600h",
>          "usages": [
>             "signing",
>             "key encipherment",
>             "server auth",
>             "client auth"     
>         ]  
>       } 
>     }         
>   }
> }
> EOF

//实现证书签名

[root@master etcd-cert]# cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF 
> {
        
>     "CN": "etcd CA",
>     "key": {
     
>         "algo": "rsa",
>         "size": 2048
>     },
>     "names": [
>         {
     
>             "C": "CN",
>             "L": "Beijing",
>             "ST": "Beijing"
>         }
>     ]
> }
> EOF

//生成证书,生成ca-key.pem ca.pem

[root@master etcd-cert]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -
2020/09/28 16:11:29 [INFO] generating a new CA key and certificate from CSR
2020/09/28 16:11:29 [INFO] generate received request
2020/09/28 16:11:29 [INFO] received CSR
2020/09/28 16:11:29 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2020/09/28 16:11:30 [INFO] encoded CSR
2020/09/28 16:11:30 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 307109152987071081700641248999918396111229161596

//指定etcd三个节点之间的通信验证

[root@master etcd-cert]# cat > server-csr.json <<EOF
> {
     
>     "CN": "etcd",
>     "hosts": [
>     "192.168.20.10",		//master地址
>     "192.168.20.20",		//node1地址
>     "192.168.20.30"		//node2地址
>     ],
>     "key": {
     
>         "algo": "rsa",
>         "size": 2048
>     },
>     "names": [		//名字要和上面定义的一样
>         {
     
>             "C": "CN",
>             "L": "BeiJing",
>             "ST": "BeiJing"
>         }
>     ]
> }
> EOF

//生成ETCD证书 server-key.pem server.pem

[root@master etcd-cert]# cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=www server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server
2020/09/28 16:12:52 [INFO] generate received request
2020/09/28 16:12:52 [INFO] received CSR
2020/09/28 16:12:52 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2020/09/28 16:12:52 [INFO] encoded CSR
2020/09/28 16:12:52 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 538862372957746116117729195241060280056748061751
2020/09/28 16:12:52 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").

//ETCD 二进制包地址 https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases
//拖入flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz、etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz、kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

[root@master etcd-cert]# ls
ca-config.json  etcd-cert.sh                          server-csr.json
ca.csr          etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz       server-key.pem
ca-csr.json     flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz    server.pem
ca-key.pem      kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
ca.pem          server.csr

[root@master etcd-cert]#  mv *.tar.gz ../
[root@master etcd-cert]# cd ..
[root@master k8s]# ls
cfssl.sh   etcd.sh                          flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
etcd-cert  etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz  kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

//解压etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz

[root@master k8s]#  tar zxvf etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz

[root@master k8s]# ls etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64
Documentation  etcd  etcdctl  README-etcdctl.md  README.md  READMEv2-etcdctl.md

//创建目录——配置文件,命令文件,证书

[root@master k8s]# mkdir /opt/etcd/{
     cfg,bin,ssl} -p

[root@master k8s]# mv etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64/etcd etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64/etcdctl /opt/etcd/bin/

//证书拷贝

[root@master k8s]# cp etcd-cert/*.pem /opt/etcd/ssl/

//进入卡住状态等待其他节点加入

[root@master k8s]# bash etcd.sh etcd01 192.168.20.10 etcd02=https://192.168.20.20:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.20.30:2380
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/etcd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service.

//再使用另外一个会话打开,会发现etcd进程已经开启

[root@master k8s]# ps -ef | grep etcd
root      22521      1  2 16:41 ?        00:00:01 /opt/etcd/bin/etcd --name=etcd01 --data-dir=/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd --listen-peer-urls=https://192.168.20.10:2380 --listen-client-urls=https://192.168.20.10:2379,http://127.0.0.1:2379 --advertise-client-urls=https://192.168.20.10:2379 --initial-advertise-peer-urls=https://192.168.20.10:2380 --initial-cluster=etcd01=https://192.168.20.10:2380,etcd02=https://192.168.20.20:2380,etc03=https://192.168.20.30:2380 --initial-cluster-token=etcd-cluster --initial-cluster-state=new --cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --peer-cert-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem --peer-key-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem --trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem --peer-trusted-ca-file=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem
root      22534  22330  0 16:42 pts/2    00:00:00 grep --color=auto etcd

//拷贝证书到node节点

[root@master k8s]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.20.20:/opt/
The authenticity of host '192.168.20.20 (192.168.20.20)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:M+6YSK2hm7e8JY4G1qYmT0X1UmIr280vvpa+1rW8IBc.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:bd:01:e2:85:f0:b0:36:8c:49:64:08:30:6c:2d:a4:37.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.20.20' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.20.20's password: 
etcd                                                 100%  509   237.4KB/s   00:00    
etcd                                                 100%   18MB  71.0MB/s   00:00    
etcdctl                                              100%   15MB  81.1MB/s   00:00    
ca-key.pem                                           100% 1679     1.0MB/s   00:00    
ca.pem                                               100% 1265     1.4MB/s   00:00    
server-key.pem                                       100% 1675     1.4MB/s   00:00    
server.pem                                           100% 1338     1.8MB/s   00:00    
[root@master k8s]# scp -r /opt/etcd/ root@192.168.20.30:/opt/
The authenticity of host '192.168.20.30 (192.168.20.30)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:YI9QBe63U8Cgwvdpz0mTaUAPrBP7p0NRMbrujvLhYm8.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:2a:d0:1b:eb:fb:50:3f:a4:f4:f0:a0:59:9b:97:e5:55.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.20.30' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.20.30's password: 
etcd                                                                                              100%  509   335.8KB/s   00:00    
etcd                                                                                              100%   18MB  81.8MB/s   00:00    
etcdctl                                                                                           100%   15MB  75.6MB/s   00:00    
ca-key.pem                                                                                        100% 1679   351.1KB/s   00:00    
ca.pem                                                                                            100% 1265   316.3KB/s   00:00    
server-key.pem                                                                                    100% 1675     1.2MB/s   00:00    
server.pem                                                                                        100% 1338   805.8KB/s   00:00    

//拷贝启动脚本到node节点

[root@master k8s]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.20.20:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
root@192.168.20.20's password: 
etcd.service                                                                                      100%  923   283.8KB/s   00:00    
[root@master k8s]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service root@192.168.20.30:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
root@192.168.20.30's password: 
etcd.service           

//在node1节点修改

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname node1
[root@localhost ~]# su
[root@node1 ~]# vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd02"		//名字改成etcd02
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.20.20:2380"		//地址改成自己的地址
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.20.20:2379"		//地址改成自己的地址

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.20.20:2380"		//地址改成自己的地址
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.20.20:2379"		//地址改成自己的地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://192.168.20.10:2380,etcd02=https://192.168.20.20:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.20.30:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

//在node2节点修改

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname node2
[root@localhost ~]# su
[root@node2 ~]# vim /opt/etcd/cfg/etcd
#[Member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd03"		//名字改成etcd03
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.20.30:2380"		//地址改成自己的地址
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.20.30:2379"		//地址改成自己的地址

#[Clustering]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://192.168.20.30:2380"		//地址改成自己的地址
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://192.168.20.30:2379"		//地址改成自己的地址
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd01=https://192.168.20.10:2380,etcd02=https://192.168.20.20:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.20.30:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

//启动

[root@master k8s]# bash etcd.sh etcd01 192.168.20.10 etcd02=https://192.168.20.20:2380,etcd03=https://192.168.20.30:2380
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/etcd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service.
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl start etcd.service
[root@node2 ~]# systemctl start etcd.service

//查看信息

[root@master k8s]# systemctl status etcd
● etcd.service - Etcd Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 一 2020-09-28 17:23:02 CST; 55s ago
 Main PID: 78752 (etcd)
    Tasks: 13
   CGroup: /system.slice/etcd.service
           └─78752 /opt/etcd/bin/etcd --name=etcd01 --data-dir=/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd --listen-peer-urls=https://192.168.20.10...
...

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl status etcd
● etcd.service - Etcd Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 一 2020-09-28 17:22:50 CST; 2min 14s ago
 Main PID: 22277 (etcd)
    Tasks: 13
   CGroup: /system.slice/etcd.service
           └─22277 /opt/etcd/bin/etcd --name=etcd02 --data-dir=/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd --listen-peer-urls=https://192.168.20.2...
...

[root@node2 ~]# systemctl status etcd
● etcd.service - Etcd Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 一 2020-09-28 17:22:53 CST; 2min 16s ago
 Main PID: 22366 (etcd)
    Tasks: 14
   CGroup: /system.slice/etcd.service
           └─22366 /opt/etcd/bin/etcd --name=etcd03 --data-dir=/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd --listen-peer-urls=https://192.168.20.3...
...

//检查群集健康状态

[root@master k8s]# cd etcd-cert/
[root@master etcd-cert]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=ca.pem --cert-file=server.pem --key-file=server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.20.10:2379,https://192.168.20.20:2379,https://192.168.20.30:2379" cluster-health
member 350b6ab68923a8a2 is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.20.20:2379
member 51ae3f86f3783687 is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.20.10:2379
member c05141f45e08d8ff is healthy: got healthy result from https://192.168.20.30:2379
cluster is healthy

//3.docker引擎部署——所有node节点部署docker引擎

node1和node2节点安装docker

//4.flannel网络配置
//写入分配的子网段到ETCD中,供flannel使用
[root@master etcd-cert]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=ca.pem --cert-file=server.pem --key-file=server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.20.10:2379,https://192.168.20.20:2379,https://192.168.20.30:2379" set /coreos.com/network/config '{ "Network": "172.17.0.0/16", "Backend": {"Type": "vxlan"}}'
{
      "Network": "172.17.0.0/16", "Backend": {
     "Type": "vxlan"}}

//查看写入的信息

[root@master etcd-cert]# /opt/etcd/bin/etcdctl --ca-file=ca.pem --cert-file=server.pem --key-file=server-key.pem --endpoints="https://192.168.20.10:2379,https://192.168.20.20:2379,https://192.168.20.30:2379" get /coreos.com/network/config
{
      "Network": "172.17.0.0/16", "Backend": {
     "Type": "vxlan"}}

//拷贝到所有node节点(只需要部署在node节点即可)
[root@master etcd-cert]# scp flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz root@192.168.1^Croot
[root@master etcd-cert]# cd ..
[root@master k8s]# scp flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz root@192.168.20.20:/root
root@192.168.20.20's password: 
flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz                                                                 100% 9479KB  55.8MB/s   00:00    
[root@master k8s]# scp flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz root@192.168.20.30:/root
root@192.168.20.30's password: 
flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz                                                                 100% 9479KB  35.8MB/s   00:00    

//所有node节点操作(这里只展示node1的操作)
//解压

[root@node1 ~]# tar zxvf flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz 
flanneld
mk-docker-opts.sh
README.md

//创建k8s工作目录

[root@node1 ~]# mkdir /opt/kubernetes/{
     cfg,bin,ssl} -p
[root@node1 ~]# mv mk-docker-opts.sh flanneld /opt/kubernetes/bin/

//编写flannel的脚本

[root@node1 ~]# vim flannel.sh
#!/bin/bash

ETCD_ENDPOINTS=${
     1:-"http://127.0.0.1:2379"}

cat <<EOF >/opt/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld

FLANNEL_OPTIONS="--etcd-endpoints=${ETCD_ENDPOINTS} \
-etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
-etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
-etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"

EOF

cat <<EOF >/usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service
[Unit]
Description=Flanneld overlay address etcd agent
After=network-online.target network.target
Before=docker.service

[Service]
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/flanneld
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/flanneld --ip-masq \$FLANNEL_OPTIONS
ExecStartPost=/opt/kubernetes/bin/mk-docker-opts.sh -k DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS -d /run/flannel/subnet.env
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

EOF

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable flanneld
systemctl restart flanneld

//开启flannel网络功能

[root@node1 ~]# bash flannel.sh https://192.168.20.10:2379,https://192.168.20.20:2379,https://192.168.20.30:2379
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/flanneld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/flanneld.service.

//配置docker连接flannel

[root@node1 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
[Service]
Type=notify
# the default is not to use systemd for cgroups because the delegate issues still
# exists and systemd currently does not support the cgroup feature set required
# for containers run by docker
EnvironmentFile=/run/flannel/subnet.env
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd $DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
TimeoutSec=0
RestartSec=2
Restart=always

[root@node1 ~]# cat /run/flannel/subnet.env
DOCKER_OPT_BIP="--bip=172.17.39.1/24"
DOCKER_OPT_IPMASQ="--ip-masq=false"
DOCKER_OPT_MTU="--mtu=1450"
DOCKER_NETWORK_OPTIONS=" --bip=172.17.39.1/24 --ip-masq=false --mtu=1450"

//重启docker服务

[root@node1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl restart docker

//查看flannel网络

[root@node1 ~]# ifconfig
docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 172.17.39.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.17.39.255
        ether 02:42:9e:5b:d5:d1  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.20.20  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.20.255
        inet6 fe80::f0c9:c17f:3e56:9bf5  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 00:0c:29:ac:fe:ba  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 361114  bytes 227105212 (216.5 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 261561  bytes 29704749 (28.3 MiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

flannel.1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1450
        inet 172.17.39.0  netmask 255.255.255.255  broadcast 0.0.0.0
        inet6 fe80::2062:10ff:fe72:d64d  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 22:62:10:72:d6:4d  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 38 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 810  bytes 55986 (54.6 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 810  bytes 55986 (54.6 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
        ether 52:54:00:7e:c1:42  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

//测试ping通对方docker0网卡 证明flannel起到路由作用

[root@node1 ~]# docker run -it centos:7 /bin/bash
Unable to find image 'centos:7' locally
7: Pulling from library/centos
75f829a71a1c: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:19a79828ca2e505eaee0ff38c2f3fd9901f4826737295157cc5212b7a372cd2b
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:7
[root@2ab5e936498a /]# yum install net-tools -y
[root@2ab5e936498a /]# ifconfig 
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1450
        inet 172.17.39.2  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.17.39.255
        ether 02:42:ac:11:27:02  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 16290  bytes 12483008 (11.9 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 7815  bytes 425422 (415.4 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0


[root@node2 ~]# docker run -it centos:7 /bin/bash
Unable to find image 'centos:7' locally
7: Pulling from library/centos
75f829a71a1c: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:19a79828ca2e505eaee0ff38c2f3fd9901f4826737295157cc5212b7a372cd2b
Status: Downloaded newer image for centos:7
[root@c72893bc9690 /]# yum install net-tools -y
[root@c72893bc9690 /]# ifconfig 
eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1450
        inet 172.17.63.2  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.17.63.255
        ether 02:42:ac:11:3f:02  txqueuelen 0  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 16264  bytes 12482650 (11.9 MiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 7783  bytes 423626 (413.6 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

[root@2ab5e936498a /]# ping 172.17.63.2
PING 172.17.63.2 (172.17.63.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.17.63.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=2.55 ms
64 bytes from 172.17.63.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=4.69 ms
64 bytes from 172.17.63.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=0.383 ms
^C
--- 172.17.63.2 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2006ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.383/2.542/4.695/1.761 ms

[root@c72893bc9690 /]# ping 172.17.39.2
PING 172.17.39.2 (172.17.39.2) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 172.17.39.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=2.02 ms
64 bytes from 172.17.39.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 time=0.917 ms
64 bytes from 172.17.39.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=0.751 ms
^C
--- 172.17.39.2 ping statistics ---
3 packets transmitted, 3 received, 0% packet loss, time 2002ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.751/1.231/2.027/0.567 ms

部署master组件
//在master上操作,api-server生成证书
拖入 master.zip压缩包到/root/k8s目录下

[root@master k8s]# ls
cfssl.sh   etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64            kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
etcd-cert  etcd-v3.3.10-linux-amd64.tar.gz     master.zip
etcd.sh    flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@master k8s]# unzip master.zip
[root@master k8s]# mkdir /opt/kubernetes/{
     cfg,bin,ssl} -p
[root@master k8s]# mkdir k8s-cert
[root@master k8s]# cd k8s-cert/
拖入k8s-cert.sh脚本
[root@master k8s-cert]# ls
k8s-cert.sh
cat > ca-config.json <<EOF
{
     
  "signing": {
     
    "default": {
     
      "expiry": "87600h"
    },
    "profiles": {
     
      "kubernetes": {
     
         "expiry": "87600h",
         "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}
EOF

cat > ca-csr.json <<EOF
{
     
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "key": {
     
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
     
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "Beijing",
            "ST": "Beijing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca -

#-----------------------

cat > server-csr.json <<EOF
{
     
    "CN": "kubernetes",
    "hosts": [
      "10.0.0.1",
      "127.0.0.1",
      "192.168.20.10",  //master1
      "192.168.20.40",  //master2
      "192.168.20.111",	//vip
      "192.168.20.50",	//lb (master)
      "192.168.20.60",	//lb (backup)
      "kubernetes",
      "kubernetes.default",
      "kubernetes.default.svc",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
      "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
    ],
    "key": {
     
        "algo": "rsa",
        "size": 2048
    },
    "names": [
        {
     
            "C": "CN",
            "L": "BeiJing",
            "ST": "BeiJing",
            "O": "k8s",
            "OU": "System"
        }
    ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes server-csr.json | cfssljson -bare server

#-----------------------

cat > admin-csr.json <<EOF
{
     
  "CN": "admin",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
     
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
     
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin

#-----------------------

cat > kube-proxy-csr.json <<EOF
{
     
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
     
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
     
      "C": "CN",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}
EOF

cfssl gencert -ca=ca.pem -ca-key=ca-key.pem -config=ca-config.json -profile=kubernetes kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-pro
xy

//生成k8s证书

[root@master k8s-cert]# bash k8s-cert.sh 
2020/09/29 15:20:27 [INFO] generating a new CA key and certificate from CSR
2020/09/29 15:20:27 [INFO] generate received request
2020/09/29 15:20:27 [INFO] received CSR
2020/09/29 15:20:27 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [INFO] encoded CSR
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 572092143940477158442975741908760581653757414586
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [INFO] generate received request
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [INFO] received CSR
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [INFO] encoded CSR
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 645411198364777330575133409297661007151065267201
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [INFO] generate received request
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [INFO] received CSR
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [INFO] encoded CSR
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 382185722811839684332683631495065868107644288788
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [INFO] generate received request
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [INFO] received CSR
2020/09/29 15:20:28 [INFO] generating key: rsa-2048
2020/09/29 15:20:29 [INFO] encoded CSR
2020/09/29 15:20:29 [INFO] signed certificate with serial number 54367561030861349163097338268655276544563898262
2020/09/29 15:20:29 [WARNING] This certificate lacks a "hosts" field. This makes it unsuitable for
websites. For more information see the Baseline Requirements for the Issuance and Management
of Publicly-Trusted Certificates, v.1.1.6, from the CA/Browser Forum (https://cabforum.org);
specifically, section 10.2.3 ("Information Requirements").

[root@master k8s-cert]# ls *.pem
admin-key.pem  ca-key.pem  kube-proxy-key.pem  server-key.pem
admin.pem      ca.pem      kube-proxy.pem      server.pem
[root@master k8s-cert]# cp ca*pem server*pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@master k8s-cert]# cd ..

//解压kubernetes压缩包

[root@master k8s]# tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz

//复制关键命令文件

[root@master k8s]# cd /root/k8s/kubernetes/server/bin
[root@master bin]# ls
apiextensions-apiserver              kube-controller-manager.tar
cloud-controller-manager             kubectl
cloud-controller-manager.docker_tag  kubelet
cloud-controller-manager.tar         kube-proxy
hyperkube                            kube-proxy.docker_tag
kubeadm                              kube-proxy.tar
kube-apiserver                       kube-scheduler
kube-apiserver.docker_tag            kube-scheduler.docker_tag
kube-apiserver.tar                   kube-scheduler.tar
kube-controller-manager              mounter
kube-controller-manager.docker_tag
[root@master bin]# cp kube-apiserver kubectl kube-controller-manager kube-scheduler /opt/kubernetes/bin/

[root@master bin]# cd /root/k8s/
[root@master k8s]# head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '	//随机生成序列号
7c0a6952689f0769225e08a5d1f705b2
[root@master k8s]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv
7c0a6952689f0769225e08a5d1f705b2,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"	//序列号,用户名,id,角色

//二进制文件,token,证书都准备好,开启apiserver

[root@master k8s]# bash apiserver.sh 192.168.20.10 https://192.168.20.10:2379,https://192.168.20.20:2379,https://192.168.20.30:2379
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-apiserver.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service.

//检查进程是否启动成功

[root@master k8s]# ps aux | grep kube-apiserver

//查看配置文件

[root@master k8s]# cat /opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-apiserver

KUBE_APISERVER_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--etcd-servers=https://192.168.20.10:2379,https://192.168.20.20:2379,https://192.168.20.30:2379 \
--bind-address=192.168.20.10 \
--secure-port=6443 \
--advertise-address=192.168.20.10 \
--allow-privileged=true \
--service-cluster-ip-range=10.0.0.0/24 \
--enable-admission-plugins=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \
--authorization-mode=RBAC,Node \
--kubelet-https=true \
--enable-bootstrap-token-auth \
--token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv \
--service-node-port-range=30000-50000 \
--tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server.pem  \
--tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/server-key.pem \
--client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
--service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
--etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem \
--etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem \
--etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem"

//监听的https端口

[root@master k8s]# netstat -ntap | grep 6443
tcp        0      0 192.168.20.10:6443      0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      80347/kube-apiserve 
tcp        0      0 192.168.20.10:6443      192.168.20.10:58068     ESTABLISHED 80347/kube-apiserve 
tcp        0      0 192.168.20.10:58068     192.168.20.10:6443      ESTABLISHED 80347/kube-apiserve 
[root@master k8s]# netstat -ntap | grep 8080
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:8080          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      80347/kube-apiserve 

//启动scheduler服务

[root@master k8s]# ./scheduler.sh 127.0.0.1
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-scheduler.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service.
[root@master k8s]# chmod +x controller-manager.sh 

//启动controller-manager

[root@master k8s]# ./controller-manager.sh 127.0.0.1
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-controller-manager.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service.

//查看master节点状态

[root@master k8s]# /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
etcd-2               Healthy   {
     "health":"true"}   
etcd-0               Healthy   {
     "health":"true"}   
etcd-1               Healthy   {
     "health":"true"} 

node节点部署
//master上操作
//把kubelet、kube-proxy拷贝到node节点上去

[root@master k8s]# cd kubernetes/server/bin/
[root@master bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy root@192.168.20.20:/opt/kubernetes/bin/  
root@192.168.20.20's password: 
kubelet                                                100%  168MB  60.4MB/s   00:02    
kube-proxy                                             100%   48MB  59.5MB/s   00:00    
root@master bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy root@192.168.20.30:/opt/kubernetes/bin/ 
root@192.168.20.30's password: 
kubelet                                                100%  168MB  96.8MB/s   00:01    
kube-proxy                                             100%   48MB  96.0MB/s   00:00    

//node节点上操作(复制node.zip到/root目录下)

[root@node1 ~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg  flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz  node.zip   公共  视频  文档  音乐
flannel.sh       initial-setup-ks.cfg                README.md  模板  图片  下载  桌面

[root@node1 ~]# unzip node.zip
Archive:  node.zip
  inflating: proxy.sh                
  inflating: kubelet.sh       
  

//在master上操作

[root@master bin]# cd /root/k8s
[root@master k8s]# mkdir kubeconfig
[root@master k8s]# cd kubeconfig

//拷贝kubeconfig.sh文件进行重命名

[root@master kubeconfig]# ls
kubeconfig.sh
[root@master kubeconfig]# mv kubeconfig.sh kubeconfig
[root@master kubeconfig]# vim kubeconfig
删除以下部分
# 创建 TLS Bootstrapping Token
#BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=$(head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' ')
BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN=0fb61c46f8991b718eb38d27b605b008

cat > token.csv <<EOF
${
     BOOTSTRAP_TOKEN},kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"
EOF

//获取token信息(复制下前面的序列号)

[root@master kubeconfig]# cat /opt/kubernetes/cfg/token.csv 
7c0a6952689f0769225e08a5d1f705b2,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"

//配置文件修改为tokenID

[root@master kubeconfig]# vim kubeconfig
#----------------------

APISERVER=$1
SSL_DIR=$2

# 创建kubelet bootstrapping kubeconfig 
export KUBE_APISERVER="https://$APISERVER:6443"

# 设置集群参数
kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=$SSL_DIR/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${
     KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置客户端认证参数
kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
  --token=7c0a6952689f0769225e08a5d1f705b2 \		//这里输入复制的序列号
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置上下文参数
kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kubelet-bootstrap \
  --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

# 设置默认上下文
kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig

#----------------------

# 创建kube-proxy kubeconfig文件

kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
  --certificate-authority=$SSL_DIR/ca.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --server=${
     KUBE_APISERVER} \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
  --client-certificate=$SSL_DIR/kube-proxy.pem \
  --client-key=$SSL_DIR/kube-proxy-key.pem \
  --embed-certs=true \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

kubectl config set-context default \
  --cluster=kubernetes \
  --user=kube-proxy \
  --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig

//设置环境变量

[root@master kubeconfig]# vim /etc/profile
在最后一行后插入
export PATH=$PATH:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

[root@master kubeconfig]# source /etc/profile

[root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
etcd-2               Healthy   {
     "health":"true"}   
etcd-0               Healthy   {
     "health":"true"}   
etcd-1               Healthy   {
     "health":"true"}   

//生成配置文件bootstrap.kubeconfig、kube-proxy.kubeconfig

[root@master kubeconfig]# bash kubeconfig 192.168.20.10 /root/k8s/k8s-cert/
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
User "kubelet-bootstrap" set.
Context "default" created.
Switched to context "default".
Cluster "kubernetes" set.
User "kube-proxy" set.
Context "default" created.
Switched to context "default".
[root@master kubeconfig]# ls
bootstrap.kubeconfig  kubeconfig  kube-proxy.kubeconfig

//拷贝配置文件到node节点

[root@master kubeconfig]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig root@192.168.20.20:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
root@192.168.20.20's password: 
bootstrap.kubeconfig                                                                               100% 2167     1.4MB/s   00:00    
kube-proxy.kubeconfig                                                                              100% 6273     1.2MB/s   00:00    
[root@master kubeconfig]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig kube-proxy.kubeconfig root@192.168.20.30:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
root@192.168.20.30's password: 
bootstrap.kubeconfig                                                                               100% 2167     1.2MB/s   00:00    
kube-proxy.kubeconfig                                                                              100% 6273     4.9MB/s   00:00   

//创建bootstrap角色赋予权限用于连接apiserver请求签名

[root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --user=kubelet-bootstrap
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/kubelet-bootstrap created

//在node01节点上操作

[root@node1 ~]# bash kubelet.sh 192.168.20.20
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.

//检查kubelet服务启动

[root@node1 ~]# bash kubelet.sh 192.168.20.20
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.
[root@node1 ~]# ps -aux | grep kube
root      79703  0.1  0.4 399640 18088 ?        Ssl  14:23   0:22 /opt/kubernetes/bin/flanneld --ip-masq --etcd-endpoints=https://192.168.20.10:2379,https://192.168.20.20:2379,https://192.168.20.30:2379 -etcd-cafile=/opt/etcd/ssl/ca.pem -etcd-certfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server.pem -etcd-keyfile=/opt/etcd/ssl/server-key.pem
root      97400  1.0  1.1 534300 42548 ?        Ssl  17:30   0:00 /opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet --logtostderr=true --v=4 --hostname-override=192.168.20.20 --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig --bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig --config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config --cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl --pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0
root      97465  0.0  0.0 112728   984 pts/2    S+   17:31   0:00 grep --color=auto kube

//master上操作
//检查到node01节点的请求

[root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-5VZZo63-AZcdMyqaRZ6IiQbdprnkWP7GyBWqDGfIAwY   2m1s   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending

[root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-5VZZo63-AZcdMyqaRZ6IiQbdprnkWP7GyBWqDGfIAwY
certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-5VZZo63-AZcdMyqaRZ6IiQbdprnkWP7GyBWqDGfIAwY approved
//kubectl certificate 
approve	同意一个自签证书请求
deny	拒绝一个自签证书请求

//继续查看证书状态

[root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE     REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-5VZZo63-AZcdMyqaRZ6IiQbdprnkWP7GyBWqDGfIAwY   3m11s   kubelet-bootstrap   Approved,Issued
//Pending等待集群给该节点颁发证书	Approved,Issued已经被允许加入群集

//查看群集节点,成功加入node01节点

[root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl get nodes
NAME            STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
192.168.20.20   Ready    <none>   68s   v1.12.3

//在node01节点操作,启动proxy服务

[root@node1 ~]# bash proxy.sh 192.168.20.20
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-proxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service.
[root@node1 ~]# systemctl status kube-proxy.service 
● kube-proxy.service - Kubernetes Proxy
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 二 2020-09-29 17:35:57 CST; 1min 24s ago
 Main PID: 98700 (kube-proxy)
    Tasks: 0
   Memory: 7.8M
   CGroup: /system.slice/kube-proxy.service
           ‣ 98700 /opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy --logtostderr=true --v=4 --hostname-...

929 17:37:12 node1 kube-proxy[98700]: I0929 17:37:12.263279   98700 config.go:14...te
929 17:37:13 node1 kube-proxy[98700]: I0929 17:37:13.437384   98700 config.go:14...te
929 17:37:14 node1 kube-proxy[98700]: I0929 17:37:14.277055   98700 config.go:14...te
929 17:37:15 node1 kube-proxy[98700]: I0929 17:37:15.451517   98700 config.go:14...te
929 17:37:16 node1 kube-proxy[98700]: I0929 17:37:16.287927   98700 config.go:14...te
929 17:37:17 node1 kube-proxy[98700]: I0929 17:37:17.464773   98700 config.go:14...te
929 17:37:18 node1 kube-proxy[98700]: I0929 17:37:18.296889   98700 config.go:14...te
929 17:37:19 node1 kube-proxy[98700]: I0929 17:37:19.474728   98700 config.go:14...te
929 17:37:20 node1 kube-proxy[98700]: I0929 17:37:20.308835   98700 config.go:14...te
929 17:37:21 node1 kube-proxy[98700]: I0929 17:37:21.489116   98700 config.go:14...te
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

//node02节点部署
//在node01节点操作
//把现成的/opt/kubernetes目录复制到其他节点进行修改即可

[root@node1 ~]# scp -r /opt/kubernetes/ root@192.168.20.30:/opt/
The authenticity of host '192.168.20.30 (192.168.20.30)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:YI9QBe63U8Cgwvdpz0mTaUAPrBP7p0NRMbrujvLhYm8.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:2a:d0:1b:eb:fb:50:3f:a4:f4:f0:a0:59:9b:97:e5:55.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.20.30' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
root@192.168.20.30's password: 
flanneld                                                                                                    100%  235   209.8KB/s   00:00    
bootstrap.kubeconfig                                                                                        100% 2167     1.7MB/s   00:00    
kube-proxy.kubeconfig                                                                                       100% 6273     5.1MB/s   00:00    
kubelet                                                                                                     100%  377   257.4KB/s   00:00    
kubelet.config                                                                                              100%  267    75.5KB/s   00:00    
kubelet.kubeconfig                                                                                          100% 2296     2.1MB/s   00:00    
kube-proxy                                                                                                  100%  189   167.6KB/s   00:00    
mk-docker-opts.sh                                                                                           100% 2139     1.6MB/s   00:00    
scp: /opt//kubernetes/bin/flanneld: Text file busy
kubelet                                                                                                     100%  168MB 106.7MB/s   00:01    
kube-proxy                                                                                                  100%   48MB 113.7MB/s   00:00    
kubelet.crt                                                                                                 100% 2185     2.1MB/s   00:00    
kubelet.key                                                                                                 100% 1675   646.4KB/s   00:00    
kubelet-client-2020-09-29-17-33-26.pem                                                                      100% 1273   273.7KB/s   00:00    
kubelet-client-current.pem                                                                                  100% 1273   304.1KB/s   00:00    

//把kubelet,kube-proxy的service文件拷贝到node2中

[root@node1 ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/{
     kubelet,kube-proxy}.service root@192.168.20.30:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
root@192.168.20.30's password: 
kubelet.service                                                                                             100%  264   136.6KB/s   00:00    
kube-proxy.service                                                                                          100%  231   143.8KB/s   00:00    

//在node02上操作,进行修改
//首先删除复制过来的证书,等会node02会自行申请证书

[root@node2 ~]# cd /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
[root@node2 ssl]# rm -rf *
//修改配置文件kubelet  kubelet.config kube-proxy
[root@node2 ssl]# cd ../cfg
[root@node2 cfg]# vim kubelet

KUBELET_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--hostname-override=192.168.20.30 \		//这里改成自己的地址
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \
--bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \
--config=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.config \
--cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \
--pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0"

[root@node2 cfg]# vim kubelet.config 

kind: KubeletConfiguration
apiVersion: kubelet.config.k8s.io/v1beta1
address: 192.168.20.30	//这里改成自己的地址
port: 10250
readOnlyPort: 10255
cgroupDriver: cgroupfs
clusterDNS:
- 10.0.0.2
clusterDomain: cluster.local.
failSwapOn: false
authentication:
  anonymous:
    enabled: true

[root@node2 cfg]# vim kube-proxy

KUBE_PROXY_OPTS="--logtostderr=true \
--v=4 \
--hostname-override=192.168.20.30 \	//这里改成自己的地址
--cluster-cidr=10.0.0.0/24 \
--proxy-mode=ipvs \
--kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig"

//启动服务

[root@node2 cfg]# systemctl start kubelet.service 
[root@node2 cfg]# systemctl enable kubelet.service 
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kubelet.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service.
[root@node2 cfg]# systemctl start kube-proxy.service
[root@node2 cfg]# systemctl enable kube-proxy.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/kube-proxy.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service.

//在master上操作查看请求

[root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE    REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-5VZZo63-AZcdMyqaRZ6IiQbdprnkWP7GyBWqDGfIAwY   41m    kubelet-bootstrap   Approved,Issued
node-csr-rfpP-a8Z8anqv5yxrR-cdcpO98QHjo7EAkqUXPElscE   117s   kubelet-bootstrap   Pending	//复制序列号

//授权许可加入群集

[root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl certificate approve node-csr-rfpP-a8Z8anqv5yxrR-cdcpO98QHjo7EAkqUXPElscE
certificatesigningrequest.certificates.k8s.io/node-csr-rfpP-a8Z8anqv5yxrR-cdcpO98QHjo7EAkqUXPElscE approved
[root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl get csr
NAME                                                   AGE     REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-5VZZo63-AZcdMyqaRZ6IiQbdprnkWP7GyBWqDGfIAwY   42m     kubelet-bootstrap   Approved,Issued
node-csr-rfpP-a8Z8anqv5yxrR-cdcpO98QHjo7EAkqUXPElscE   2m45s   kubelet-bootstrap   Approved,Issued

//查看群集中的节点

[root@master kubeconfig]# kubectl get nodes
NAME            STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION
192.168.20.20   Ready    <none>   39m   v1.12.3
192.168.20.30   Ready    <none>   12s   v1.12.3

[root@node2 cfg]# systemctl status kube-proxy.service
● kube-proxy.service - Kubernetes Proxy
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (running) since 二 2020-09-29 18:11:15 CST; 16min ago
 Main PID: 99461 (kube-proxy)
   CGroup: /system.slice/kube-proxy.service
           ‣ 99461 /opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy --logtostderr=true --v=4 --hostname-override=192.168.20.30 --cluster-cidr=10.0.0.0/24 --p...

929 18:27:19 node2 kube-proxy[99461]: I0929 18:27:19.360327   99461 iptables.go:327] running iptables-save [-t filter]
929 18:27:19 node2 kube-proxy[99461]: I0929 18:27:19.362421   99461 iptables.go:327] running iptables-save [-t nat]
929 18:27:19 node2 kube-proxy[99461]: I0929 18:27:19.435050   99461 proxier.go:1472] Bind addr 10.0.0.1
929 18:27:19 node2 kube-proxy[99461]: I0929 18:27:19.458144   99461 iptables.go:391] running iptables-restore [-w 5 --noflush --counters]
929 18:27:19 node2 kube-proxy[99461]: I0929 18:27:19.461366   99461 proxier.go:672] syncProxyRules took 101.094914ms
929 18:27:19 node2 kube-proxy[99461]: I0929 18:27:19.461402   99461 bounded_frequency_runner.go:221] sync-runner: ran, next poss... in 30s
929 18:27:19 node2 kube-proxy[99461]: I0929 18:27:19.903731   99461 config.go:141] Calling handler.OnEndpointsUpdate
929 18:27:19 node2 kube-proxy[99461]: I0929 18:27:19.932189   99461 config.go:141] Calling handler.OnEndpointsUpdate
929 18:27:21 node2 kube-proxy[99461]: I0929 18:27:21.917556   99461 config.go:141] Calling handler.OnEndpointsUpdate
929 18:27:21 node2 kube-proxy[99461]: I0929 18:27:21.941538   99461 config.go:141] Calling handler.OnEndpointsUpdate
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

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