基于LVS负载均衡集群的架构实现

LVS负载均衡服务的工作原理及方式

一、LVS—NAT+持久连接(80+443)-负载均衡部署

1.环境准备

服务器A:负载均衡服务器 IP:172.17.16.173192.168.16.173
服务器B:real-server  IP:192.168.17.173
服务器C:real-server  IP:192.168.17.174
#服务器B和服务器C开启基于SSL加密的nginx服务
cd /etc/pki/tls/certs/  
make nginx.crt
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
   #添加下面几行
    server {
        listen       443;
        root         /var/www/html;

        ssl_certificate "/etc/pki/tls/certs/nginx.crt";
        ssl_certificate_key "/etc/pki/tls/certs/nginx.key";
        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
        ssl_session_timeout  10m;
        ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    }
#去除私钥口令,否则服务无法启动
    cp nginx.key nginx.key.bak
    openssl rsa -in nginx.key.bak -out nginx.key

systemctl start nginx        

2.在VS定义持久连接的绑定端口

iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -d 172.17.16.173 -p tcp --dport 80 -j MARK --set-mark 99

iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -d 172.17.16.173 -p tcp --dport 443 -j MARK --set-mark 99

3.在VS建立NAT模式虚拟服务并设置RS服务地址

ipvsadm -A -f 99 -s wrr -p 
ipvsadm -a -f 99 -r 192.168.17.173 -m      
ipvsadm -a -f 99 -r 192.168.17.174 -m 

4.VS开启转发功能

vim /etc/sysctl.conf   
    net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
sysctl  -p

5.RS修改网关为DIP

route add default gw 192.168.16.173

二、LVS—DR+持久连接(80+443)-负载均衡部署

1.环境准备

服务器A:负载均衡服务器 VIP:172.17.16.173和DIP:172.17.16.100
服务器B:real-server  RIP:172.17.17.173
服务器C:real-server  RIP:172.17.17.174
#服务器B和服务器C开启基于SSL加密的nginx服务
cd /etc/pki/tls/certs/  
make nginx.crt
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
   #添加下面几行
    server {
        listen       443;
        root         /var/www/html;

        ssl_certificate "/etc/pki/tls/certs/nginx.crt";
        ssl_certificate_key "/etc/pki/tls/certs/nginx.key";
        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
        ssl_session_timeout  10m;
        ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
    }
#去除私钥口令,否则服务无法启动
    cp nginx.key nginx.key.bak
    openssl rsa -in nginx.key.bak -out nginx.key

systemctl start nginx        

2.在VS定义持久连接的绑定端口

iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -d 172.17.16.173 -p tcp --dport 80 -j MARK --set-mark 99

iptables -t mangle -A PREROUTING -d 172.17.16.173 -p tcp --dport 443 -j MARK --set-mark 99

3.在VS建立NAT模式虚拟服务并设置RS服务地址

配置VIP只之广播自己
route add -host 172.17.16.173 dev eth0
ipvsadm -A -f 99 -s wrr -p 
ipvsadm -a -f 99 -r 172.17.17.173 -g -w 3      
ipvsadm -a -f 99 -r 172.17.17.174 -g -w 3 

4.VS开启转发功能

vim /etc/sysctl.conf   
    net.ipv4.ip_forward=1
sysctl  -p

5.在RS上:设置回环网卡别名为VIP,禁止广播回应,回环网卡路由为自己

ifconfig lo:0 172.17.16.173 broadcast 172.17.16.173 netmask 255.255.255.255 up

route add -host 172.17.16.173 lo:0
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore  
echo "1" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore     
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce  
echo "2" >/proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce    

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