《Microsoft SQL Server 2008 MDX Step by Step》学习笔记八:执行聚合(下)

SQL Server 2008中SQL应用系列及BI笔记系列--目录索引

导读:本文介绍执行聚合(Aggregation)的进阶内容,包括:

■1、使用Max和Min函数

■2、在集中对元组计数

■3、DistinctCount函数

■4、使用Generate浏览集合

本文所用数据库和所有源码,请到微软官网下载

 

1、求最大最小值

与SQL类似,MDX也提供了名称相同的两个函数:Min(http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms145600.aspx

Maxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms145601.aspx

准备一个原始例子

例7-12

SELECT
{([Measures].[Reseller Sales Amount])} ON COLUMNS,
{[Product].[Subcategory].[Subcategory].Members} ON ROWS
FROM [Step-by-Step]
;

 

 

下面我们增加Max函数

例7-13

WITH
MEMBER [Measures].[Max Sales By Subcategory] AS
Max(
{[Product].[Subcategory].[Subcategory].Members},
([Measures].[Reseller Sales Amount])
)
SELECT
{
([Measures].[Reseller Sales Amount]),
([Measures].[Max Sales By Subcategory])
} ON COLUMNS,
{[Product].[Subcategory].[Subcategory].Members} ON ROWS
FROM [Step-by-Step]
;

结果如下:
邀月工作室

 

进一步,我们可以再动态计算均值与最大值的比

例7-14

WITH
MEMBER [Measures].[Percent of Max] AS
([Measures].[Reseller Sales Amount]) /
([Measures].[Max Sales By Subcategory])
,FORMAT_STRING="Percent"
MEMBER [Measures].[Max Sales By Subcategory] AS
Max(
{[Product].[Subcategory].[Subcategory].Members},
([Measures].[Reseller Sales Amount])
)
SELECT
{
([Measures].[Reseller Sales Amount]),
([Measures].[Percent of Max])
} ON COLUMNS,
{[Product].[Subcategory].[Subcategory].Members} ON ROWS
FROM [Step-by-Step]
;

邀月工作室

 

 

2、在集合中对元组计数(Counting Tuples in Sets)

与SQL类似,MDX也使用Count(http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms146026.aspx)来计数,不过Count函数的参数可以是维度、集、层次结构级别和元组(Tuple)。

例7-15

SELECT
{
([Measures].[Internet Sales Amount]),
([Measures].[Reseller Sales Amount])
} ON COLUMNS,
{[Product].[Product].[Product].Members} ON ROWS
FROM [Step-by-Step]
;

邀月工作室

注意结果中有很多null,使用Count加Exists

例7-5

WITH
MEMBER [Measures].[Products By Category] AS
Count(
EXISTING {[Product].[Product].[Product].Members}
)
SELECT
{([Measures].[Products By Category])} ON COLUMNS,
{[Product].[Category].Members} ON ROWS
FROM [Step-by-Step]
;

结果:

邀月工作室

Count也可以进行条件过滤

例7-17

WITH
MEMBER [Measures].[Products] AS
Count(
EXISTING {[Product].[Product].[Product].Members}
)
MEMBER [Measures].[Reseller Products] AS
Count(
Filter(
EXISTING {[Product].[Product].[Product].Members},
([Measures].[Reseller Sales Amount]) >=
([Measures].[Internet Sales Amount])
)
)
SELECT
{
([Measures].[Products]),
([Measures].[Reseller Products])
} ON COLUMNS,
{[Product].[Category].Members} ON ROWS
FROM [Step-by-Step]
;

邀月工作室

加上ExcludeEmpty关键字

例7-18

WITH
MEMBER [Measures].[Products] AS
Count(
EXISTING {[Product].[Product].[Product].Members}
)
MEMBER [Measures].[Reseller Products] AS
Count(
Filter(
EXISTING {[Product].[Product].[Product].Members},
([Measures].[Reseller Sales Amount]) >=
([Measures].[Internet Sales Amount])
),
EXCLUDEEMPTY
)
SELECT
{
([Measures].[Products]),
([Measures].[Reseller Products])
} ON COLUMNS,
{[Product].[Category].Members} ON ROWS
FROM [Step-by-Step]
;

邀月工作室

注意:例7-17和7-18结果并没有什么差异,然而,这是因为EXCLUDEEMPTY标志符使用当前度量来计算集中的元组。关于当前度量的概念,有后面的表达式高级介绍中会继续学习。

3、DistinctCount函数

MDX也提供了一个额外的计数函数,DistinctCount(http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms146033.aspx

Count((Distinct{Set}),ExcludeEmpty)与DistinctCount({Set})相当

 

4、使用Generate浏览集合

Generate(http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms145526.aspx),其实是计算并集。

例7-19

WITH
MEMBER [Measures].[Products] AS
Count(
EXISTING {[Product].[Product].[Product].Members}
)
MEMBER [Measures].[Products List] AS
Generate(
EXISTING {[Product].[Product].[Product].Members},
[Product].[Product].CurrentMember.Name,
" | "
)
SELECT
{
([Measures].[Products]),
([Measures].[Products List])
} ON COLUMNS,
{[Product].[Subcategory].Members} ON ROWS
FROM [Step-by-Step]
;

执行结果:

《Microsoft SQL Server 2008 MDX Step by Step》学习笔记八:执行聚合(下)

小结:本文是聚合函数的进阶,介绍了Min和Max函数,Count函数与DistinctCount函数,Generate函数。

下文将继续学习层次结构(Hierarchies)。

参考资源:

1、MDX官方教程(http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/ms145506.aspx

 

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