本文基于Free Code Camp基本算法脚本“标题案例一句”。
在此算法中,我们要更改文本字符串,以便每个单词的开头始终都有一个大写字母。
在本文中,我将解释三种方法。首先使用FOR循环,其次使用map()方法,第三次使用replace()方法。
算法挑战
提供的测试用例
1.标题大小写带有FOR循环的句子
对于此解决方案,我们将使用String.prototype.toLowerCase()方法
String.prototype.split()方法,String.prototype.charAt()方法
String.prototype.slice()方法和Array.prototype.join()方法
我们将需要在split()方法的括号之间添加一个空格
var strSplit = "I'm a little tea pot".split(' ');
它将输出一个由单词组成的数组:
var strSplit = ["I'm", "a", "little", "tea", "pot"];
如果不在括号中添加空格,则将得到以下输出:
var strSplit = ["I", "'", "m", " ", "a", " ", "l", "i", "t", "t", "l", "e", " ", "t", "e", "a", " ", "p", "o", "t"];
我们将其合并
str[i].charAt(0).toUpperCase()
在FOR循环中将大写前的字符串索引0字符
和
str[i].slice(1)
将从索引1提取到字符串的末尾。
为了标准化,我们将整个字符串设置为小写。
有注释:
function titleCase(str) {
// Step 1. Lowercase the string
str = str.toLowerCase();
// str = "I'm a little tea pot".toLowerCase();
// str = "i'm a little tea pot";
// Step 2. Split the string into an array of strings
str = str.split(' ');
// str = "i'm a little tea pot".split(' ');
// str = ["i'm", "a", "little", "tea", "pot"];
// Step 3. Create the FOR loop
for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
str[i] = str[i].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str[i].slice(1);
/* Here str.length = 5
1st iteration: str[0] = str[0].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str[0].slice(1);
str[0] = "i'm".charAt(0).toUpperCase() + "i'm".slice(1);
str[0] = "I" + "'m";
str[0] = "I'm";
2nd iteration: str[1] = str[1].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str[1].slice(1);
str[1] = "a".charAt(0).toUpperCase() + "a".slice(1);
str[1] = "A" + "";
str[1] = "A";
3rd iteration: str[2] = str[2].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str[2].slice(1);
str[2] = "little".charAt(0).toUpperCase() + "little".slice(1);
str[2] = "L" + "ittle";
str[2] = "Little";
4th iteration: str[3] = str[3].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str[3].slice(1);
str[3] = "tea".charAt(0).toUpperCase() + "tea".slice(1);
str[3] = "T" + "ea";
str[3] = "Tea";
5th iteration: str[4] = str[4].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str[4].slice(1);
str[4] = "pot".charAt(0).toUpperCase() + "pot".slice(1);
str[4] = "P" + "ot";
str[4] = "Pot";
End of the FOR Loop*/
}
// Step 4. Return the output
return str.join(' '); // ["I'm", "A", "Little", "Tea", "Pot"].join(' ') => "I'm A Little Tea Pot"
}
titleCase("I'm a little tea pot");
没有注释:
function titleCase(str) {
str = str.toLowerCase().split(' ');
for (var i = 0; i < str.length; i++) {
str[i] = str[i].charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str[i].slice(1);
}
return str.join(' ');
}
titleCase("I'm a little tea pot");
2.使用map()方法对案例进行标题案例
对于此解决方案,我们将使用Array.prototype.map()方法。
如上例所示,在应用map()方法之前,我们将小写并分割字符串。
代替使用FOR循环,我们将把map()方法作为条件与上一个示例的连接相同。
(word.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + word.slice(1));
有注释:
function titleCase(str) {
// Step 1. Lowercase the string
str = str.toLowerCase() // str = "i'm a little tea pot";
// Step 2. Split the string into an array of strings
.split(' ') // str = ["i'm", "a", "little", "tea", "pot"];
// Step 3. Map over the array
.map(function(word) {
return (word.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + word.slice(1));
/* Map process
1st word: "i'm" => (word.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + word.slice(1));
"i'm".charAt(0).toUpperCase() + "i'm".slice(1);
"I" + "'m";
return "I'm";
2nd word: "a" => (word.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + word.slice(1));
"a".charAt(0).toUpperCase() + "".slice(1);
"A" + "";
return "A";
3rd word: "little" => (word.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + word.slice(1));
"little".charAt(0).toUpperCase() + "little".slice(1);
"L" + "ittle";
return "Little";
4th word: "tea" => (word.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + word.slice(1));
"tea".charAt(0).toUpperCase() + "tea".slice(1);
"T" + "ea";
return "Tea";
5th word: "pot" => (word.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + word.slice(1));
"pot".charAt(0).toUpperCase() + "pot".slice(1);
"P" + "ot";
return "Pot";
End of the map() method */
});
// Step 4. Return the output
return str.join(' '); // ["I'm", "A", "Little", "Tea", "Pot"].join(' ') => "I'm A Little Tea Pot"
}
titleCase("I'm a little tea pot");
没有注释:
function titleCase(str) {
return str.toLowerCase().split(' ').map(function(word) {
return (word.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + word.slice(1));
}).join(' ');
}
titleCase("I'm a little tea pot");
3.使用map()和replace()方法对句子进行标题处理
对于此解决方案,我们将继续使用Array.prototype.map()方法并添加String.prototype.replace()方法。
如将在第一个示例中看到的那样,在应用map()方法之前,我们将小写并拆分字符串。
有注释:
function titleCase(str) {
// Step 1. Lowercase the string
str = str.toLowerCase() // str = "i'm a little tea pot";
// Step 2. Split the string into an array of strings
.split(' ') // str = ["i'm", "a", "little", "tea", "pot"];
// Step 3. Map over the array
.map(function(word) {
return word.replace(word[0], word[0].toUpperCase());
/* Map process
1st word: "i'm" => word.replace(word[0], word[0].toUpperCase());
"i'm".replace("i", "I");
return word => "I'm"
2nd word: "a" => word.replace(word[0], word[0].toUpperCase());
"a".replace("a", "A");
return word => "A"
3rd word: "little" => word.replace(word[0], word[0].toUpperCase());
"little".replace("l", "L");
return word => "Little"
4th word: "tea" => word.replace(word[0], word[0].toUpperCase());
"tea".replace("t", "T");
return word => "Tea"
5th word: "pot" => word.replace(word[0], word[0].toUpperCase());
"pot".replace("p", "P");
return word => "Pot"
End of the map() method */
});
// Step 4. Return the output
return str.join(' '); // ["I'm", "A", "Little", "Tea", "Pot"].join(' ') => "I'm A Little Tea Pot"
}
titleCase("I'm a little tea pot");
没有注释:
function titleCase(str) {
return str.toLowerCase().split(' ').map(function(word) {
return word.replace(word[0], word[0].toUpperCase());
}).join(' ');
}
titleCase("I'm a little tea pot");
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