LNMP(Nginx服务,MySQL 服务,安装PHP服务 手动安装技术文档)

安装Nginx服务

1、关闭防火墙将nginx所需软件包到/opt目录下

systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0

ginx-1.12.0.tar.gz

2、安装依赖包

um -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake

3、 创建运行用户

（Nginx 服务程序默认以 nobody 身份运行，建议为其创建专门的用户账号，以便更准确地控制其访问权限）

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx

4、编译安装

cd /opt
tar zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz -C /opt/

cd nginx-1.12.0/
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \				      #指定nginx的安装路径
--user=nginx \										#指定用户名
--group=nginx \										#指定组名
--with-http_stub_status_module						#启用 http_stub_status_module 模块以支持状态统计

make && make install

5.优化路径

ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/		#让系统识别nginx的操作命令

6、添加 Nginx 系统服务

vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

---

chmod 754 /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl enable nginx.service

二、安装 MySQL 服务

1、安装Mysql环境依赖包

yum -y install \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
ncurses \				#字符终端下图形互动功能的动态库
ncurses-devel \			#ncurses开发包
bison \					#语法分析器
cmake					#mysql需要用cmake编译安装

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake

2、创建运行用户

useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin  mysql

3、编译安装

cd /opt
tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz

---

cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/

cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8  \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1

make  -j 2 && make install

4、修改mysql配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock			
[mysqld]
user = mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
port = 3306
character-set-server=utf8
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections=2048
default-storage-engine=INNODB
max_allowed_packet=16M
server-id = 1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES

5、更改mysql安装目录和配置文件的属主属组

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf

6、设置路径环境变量

echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH' >> /etc/profile	
source /etc/profile

7、初始化数据化

cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

8、添加mysqld系统服务

cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/

systemctl daemon-reload

systemctl start mysqld.service
systemctl enable mysqld

9、添加mysql的登录密码

mysqladmin -u root -p password "abc123"

10、授权远程登录

mysql -u root -p
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by 'abc123';
show databases;

三、编译安装PHP服务

1、安装环境依赖包

yum -y install gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel

2、编译安装

cd /opt
tar jxvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
cd ./php-7.1.10/
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip

make && make install

3、路径优化

ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
ln -s /usr/local/php/sbin/* /usr/local/sbin/

4、调整PHP配置文件

PHP有三个配置文件
php.ini（主配置文件）
php-fpm.conf（进程服务配置文件）
www.conf（扩展配置文件）
调整主配置文件：

cp /opt/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
##修改1170行
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
##939行取消注释，修改
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai

php -m

调整进程服务配置文件：

cd /usr/local/php/etc
cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
vim php-fpm.conf
#17行取消注释“;”
pid = run/php-fpm.pid

调整扩展配置文件

cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d
cp www.conf.default www.conf

5、启动php-fpm

cd /usr/local/php/sbin/
php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
netstat -natp | grep 9000

PHP-FPM(FastCGI Process Manager:FastCGI进程管理器)是一个PHPFastCGI管理器，由于Nginx服务器不能处理动态页面，需要由Nginx把动态请求交给php-fpm进程进行解析

6、配置Nginx支持PHP解析

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
##65行取消注释修改
location ~ \.php$ {
	root			html;
	fastcgi_pass	127.0.0.1:9000;
	fastcgi_index	index.php;
	fastcgi_param	SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
	#将/scripts修改为nginx的工作目录修改为/usr/local/nginx/html
	include 		fastcgi_params;
}

systemctl restart nginx.service

7、验证PHP测试页

vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php

浏览器访问：http://192.168.162.20/index.php

8、验证数据库工作是否正常

mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE bbs;
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'admin123';
flush privileges;

vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php

浏览器访问：http://192.168.162.20/index.php

四、部署Discuz，社区论坛Web应用

cd /opt
unzip Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip -d /opt/dis
cd /opt/dis/dir_SC_UTF8
cp -r upload /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs

调整论坛目录的权限

cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs
chown -R root:nginx ./config
chown -R root:nginx ./data
chown -R root:nginx ./uc_client
chown -R root:nginx ./uc_server

chmod -R 777 ./config
chmod -R 777 ./data
chmod -R 777 ./uc_client
chmod -R 777 ./uc_server

论坛页面访问：http:192.168.241.3/bbs/install/index.php

数据库服务器：localhost
数据库名字：bbs
数据库用户名：bbsuser
数据库密码：admin123
管理员账号：admin
管理员密码：admin123