LinkedList源码分析(1.7.0_80)

定义

public class LinkedList<E>
    extends AbstractSequentialList<E>
    implements List<E>, Deque<E>, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable

AbstractSequentialList:功能主要继承者,主要实现依靠ListIterator,ListIterator继承Iterator,LinkedList中需要实现ListIterator中的方法,避免父类复杂度。
Deque:双向列表继承
不支持同步修改:主要依靠modCount即fail-fast机制

属性

transient int size = 0; 大小
transient Node first; 首节点
transient Node last;末节点
Node类代码如下:

    private static class Node {
        E item;
        Node next;
        Node prev;

        Node(Node prev, E element, Node next) {
            this.item = element;
            this.next = next;
            this.prev = prev;
        }
    }

定义前中后三个对象

初始化

   public LinkedList() {
    }
  public LinkedList(Collection c) {
        this();
        addAll(c);
    }

主要方法

linkFirst

private void linkFirst(E e) {
        final Node f = first;
        final Node newNode = new Node<>(null, e, f);
        first = newNode;
        if (f == null)
            last = newNode;
        else
            f.prev = newNode;
        size++;
        modCount++;
    }

作用:将e作为第一个元素
解析:首先获取原第一节点f,构建newNode,此节点前元素为null,中为e,后元素为f,将newNode作为第一个节点,若f为空则LinkedList只有newNode一个节点,否则原第一个节点f的前元素指向newNode。

linkLast

  void linkLast(E e) {
        final Node l = last;
        final Node newNode = new Node<>(l, e, null);
        last = newNode;
        if (l == null)
            first = newNode;
        else
            l.next = newNode;
        size++;
        modCount++;
    }

作用:将e作为最后一个元素。
解析:大致原理同linkFirst相同,构建的newNode 后元素为null,区别两者用不同的访问级别private和protected,暂未明白其中原理,两者都不能被外界调用。

linkBefore

 void linkBefore(E e, Node succ) {
        // assert succ != null;
        final Node pred = succ.prev;
        final Node newNode = new Node<>(pred, e, succ);
        succ.prev = newNode;
        if (pred == null)
            first = newNode;
        else
            pred.next = newNode;
        size++;
        modCount++;
    }

作用:在一个节点前插入元素e
解析:获得当前节点的前元素,构建newNode ,其中e的后元素为succ,将succ原前元素指向newNode ,e的前元素为pred,原pred的后元素还是指向succ节点,所以pred.next = newNode;若pred 为null则succ为first节点,最好画图理解。

unlinkFirst

private E unlinkFirst(Node f) {
        // assert f == first && f != null;
        final E element = f.item;
        final Node next = f.next;
        f.item = null;
        f.next = null; // help GC
        first = next;
        if (next == null)
            last = null;
        else
            next.prev = null;
        size--;
        modCount++;
        return element;
    }

作用:去除第一个非空节点
解析:将节点中元素置空,后元素置空,后节点至成first节点,first节点特点,前元素为null,若next为空则LinkedList为空,并返回中元素,外部不可调用

unlinkLast

  private E unlinkLast(Node l) {
        // assert l == last && l != null;
        final E element = l.item;
        final Node prev = l.prev;
        l.item = null;
        l.prev = null; // help GC
        last = prev;
        if (prev == null)
            first = null;
        else
            prev.next = null;
        size--;
        modCount++;
        return element;
    }

作用:去除最后一个非空节点
解析:原理同unlinkFirst差不多,last特点后元素为null所以prev.next = null;

   E unlink(Node x) {
        // assert x != null;
        final E element = x.item;
        final Node next = x.next;
        final Node prev = x.prev;

        if (prev == null) {
            first = next;
        } else {
            prev.next = next;
            x.prev = null;
        }

        if (next == null) {
            last = prev;
        } else {
            next.prev = prev;
            x.next = null;
        }

        x.item = null;
        size--;
        modCount++;
        return element;
    }

作用:取出一个非空节点
原理:大致同上相同,prev == null,若x的前节点为空,则x为first节点,x置空后则它的后节点为first节点,next的前节点为x,x置空后为null,next满足作为fist节点要求(前元素为null),由此可知当last,first同时为null时LinkedList为空,同是指向一个节点LinkedList只有一个元素。此方法不可外部调用

getFirst

public E getFirst() {
        final Node f = first;
        if (f == null)
            throw new NoSuchElementException();
        return f.item;
    }

作用:返回first节点中元素

getLast

 public E getLast() {
        final Node l = last;
        if (l == null)
            throw new NoSuchElementException();
        return l.item;
    }

作用:返回last中元素

removeFirst

 public E removeFirst() {
        final Node f = first;
        if (f == null)
            throw new NoSuchElementException();
        return unlinkFirst(f);
    }

作用:移除第一个节点,返回中元素
解析:参考unlinkFirst

addFirst

public void addFirst(E e) {
        linkFirst(e);
    }

作用:同linkFirst

addLast

public void addLast(E e) {
        linkLast(e);
    }

作用:同linkLast

contains

public boolean contains(Object o) {
        return indexOf(o) != -1;
    }

作用:是否包含元素o

indexOf

    public int indexOf(Object o) {
        int index = 0;
        if (o == null) {
            for (Node x = first; x != null; x = x.next) {
                if (x.item == null)
                    return index;
                index++;
            }
        } else {
            for (Node x = first; x != null; x = x.next) {
                if (o.equals(x.item))
                    return index;
                index++;
            }
        }
        return -1;
    }

作用:返回此元素在结合中的第一个下标,若无为-1

add

public boolean add(E e) {
        linkLast(e);
        return true;
    }

作用:在结合末尾添加一个元素

remove

   public boolean remove(Object o) {
        if (o == null) {
            for (Node x = first; x != null; x = x.next) {
                if (x.item == null) {
                    unlink(x);
                    return true;
                }
            }
        } else {
            for (Node x = first; x != null; x = x.next) {
                if (o.equals(x.item)) {
                    unlink(x);
                    return true;
                }
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

作用:删除o在集合中第一次出现的位置
解析:参考unlink

addAll(Collection

  public boolean addAll(Collection c) {
        return addAll(size, c);
    }

作用:将集合c插入LinkedList中,正序返回

addAll(int index, Collection

    public boolean addAll(int index, Collection c) {
        checkPositionIndex(index);

        Object[] a = c.toArray();
        int numNew = a.length;
        if (numNew == 0)
            return false;

        Node pred, succ;
        if (index == size) {
            succ = null;
            pred = last;
        } else {
            succ = node(index);
            pred = succ.prev;
        }

        for (Object o : a) {
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") E e = (E) o;
            Node newNode = new Node<>(pred, e, null);
            if (pred == null)
                first = newNode;
            else
                pred.next = newNode;
            pred = newNode;
        }

        if (succ == null) {
            last = pred;
        } else {
            pred.next = succ;
            succ.prev = pred;
        }

        size += numNew;
        modCount++;
        return true;
    }

作用:从指定位置开始将集合c插入到LinkedList中
解析:checkPositionIndex使index最大只能为LinkedList的size,

clone

  public Object clone() {
        LinkedList clone = superClone();

        // Put clone into "virgin" state
        clone.first = clone.last = null;
        clone.size = 0;
        clone.modCount = 0;

        // Initialize clone with our elements
        for (Node x = first; x != null; x = x.next)
            clone.add(x.item);

        return clone;
    }

作用:LinkedList浅拷贝

toArray(T[] a)

  public  T[] toArray(T[] a) {
        if (a.length < size)
            a = (T[])java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance(
                                a.getClass().getComponentType(), size);
        int i = 0;
        Object[] result = a;
        for (Node x = first; x != null; x = x.next)
            result[i++] = x.item;

        if (a.length > size)
            a[size] = null;

        return a;
    }

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