Struts 2 入门
1.登录struts.apache.org站点,下载struts-2.1.6-all.zip并将其解压缩.
2.鼠标右击工程项目,选择properties-->Java Build Path-->Libraries,点击Add External Jars,把8个jar包导入进来.8个jar包如下:
struts2-core-2.1.6.jar
freemarker-2.3.13.jar
commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
ognl-2.6.11.jar
xwork-2.1.2.jar
commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar
struts2-convention-plugin-2.1.6.jar
struts2-junit-plugin-2.1.6.jar
3.把如下配置加入项目的web.xml文件中
<!-- 定义Struts 2的FilterDispatcher的Filter -->
<filter>
<!-- 定义核心Filter的名字 -->
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>
</filter>
<!-- FilterDispatcher用来初始化Struts 2并且处理所有的Web请求 -->
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
4.编写struts.xml文件,并将其放到WEB-INF/classes目录下
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd" >
<struts>
<package name ="mypack" extends ="struts-default">
<action name ="Login" class ="mypack.LoginAction">
<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
<result name="success">/welcome.jsp</result>
</action >
</package>
</struts>
5.编写业务逻辑类.
package mypack;
public class BookService {
private String[] booksFor = new String[]{
"Spring2.0宝典",
"轻量级J2EE企业应用实战",
"基于J2EE的Ajax宝典",
"Struts,Spring,Hibernate整合开发"
};
public String[] getBooks(){
return booksFor;
}
}
6.编写Action.
package mypack;
public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport{
private String username;
private String age;
private String position;
private String[] books;
public String[] getBooks() {
return books;
}
public void setBooks(String[] books) {
this.books = books;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getPosition() {
return position;
}
public void setPosition(String position) {
this.position = position;
}
//处理用户请求的execute方法
public String execute() throws Exception{
//当用户请求参数的username等于cdh，返回success字符串, 否则返回error字符串
if (getUsername().equals("cdh")){
ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("user1", getUsername());
BookService bs = new BookService();
setBooks(bs.getBooks());
return SUCCESS;
}else{
return ERROR;
}
}
}
7.编写login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Struts 2学习</title>
</script>
</head>
<body>
<s:form action="Login">
<s:textfield name="username" tooltip="请输入姓名" label="姓名"/>
<s:textfield name="age" label="年龄"/>
<s:textfield name="position" label="职业"/>
<table>
<tr>
<td><s:submit value="提交"/></td>
<td><s:reset value="取消"/></td>
</tr></table>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>
8.编写error.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>失败页面</title>
</head>
<body>
对不起,您登录失败!
</body>
</html>
9.编写welcome.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<%@page import="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.*"%>
<%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>成功登录</title>
</head>
<body>
${sessionScope.user1},您已经成功登录!
<table border="1" width="360">
<caption>图书</caption>
<!-- 迭代输出ValueStack中的books对象，其中status是迭代的序号 -->
<s:iterator value="books" status="index">
<!-- 判断序号是否为奇数 -->
<s:if test="#index.odd == true">
<tr style="background-color:#dedede">
<td>书名:</td>
<td><s:property/></td>
</tr>
</s:if>
<!-- 判断迭代元素的序号是否不为偶数 -->
<s:else>
<tr>
<td>书名:</td>
<td><s:property/></td>
</tr>
</s:else>
</s:iterator>
</table>
</body>
</html>
2.鼠标右击工程项目,选择properties-->Java Build Path-->Libraries,点击Add External Jars,把8个jar包导入进来.8个jar包如下:
struts2-core-2.1.6.jar
freemarker-2.3.13.jar
commons-logging-1.0.4.jar
ognl-2.6.11.jar
xwork-2.1.2.jar
commons-fileupload-1.2.1.jar
struts2-convention-plugin-2.1.6.jar
struts2-junit-plugin-2.1.6.jar
3.把如下配置加入项目的web.xml文件中
<!-- 定义Struts 2的FilterDispatcher的Filter -->
<filter>
<!-- 定义核心Filter的名字 -->
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher</filter-class>
</filter>
<!-- FilterDispatcher用来初始化Struts 2并且处理所有的Web请求 -->
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
4.编写struts.xml文件,并将其放到WEB-INF/classes目录下
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd" >
<struts>
<package name ="mypack" extends ="struts-default">
<action name ="Login" class ="mypack.LoginAction">
<result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
<result name="success">/welcome.jsp</result>
</action >
</package>
</struts>
5.编写业务逻辑类.
package mypack;
public class BookService {
private String[] booksFor = new String[]{
"Spring2.0宝典",
"轻量级J2EE企业应用实战",
"基于J2EE的Ajax宝典",
"Struts,Spring,Hibernate整合开发"
};
public String[] getBooks(){
return booksFor;
}
}
6.编写Action.
package mypack;
public class LoginAction extends ActionSupport{
private String username;
private String age;
private String position;
private String[] books;
public String[] getBooks() {
return books;
}
public void setBooks(String[] books) {
this.books = books;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(String age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getPosition() {
return position;
}
public void setPosition(String position) {
this.position = position;
}
//处理用户请求的execute方法
public String execute() throws Exception{
//当用户请求参数的username等于cdh，返回success字符串, 否则返回error字符串
if (getUsername().equals("cdh")){
ActionContext.getContext().getSession().put("user1", getUsername());
BookService bs = new BookService();
setBooks(bs.getBooks());
return SUCCESS;
}else{
return ERROR;
}
}
}
7.编写login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Struts 2学习</title>
</script>
</head>
<body>
<s:form action="Login">
<s:textfield name="username" tooltip="请输入姓名" label="姓名"/>
<s:textfield name="age" label="年龄"/>
<s:textfield name="position" label="职业"/>
<table>
<tr>
<td><s:submit value="提交"/></td>
<td><s:reset value="取消"/></td>
</tr></table>
</s:form>
</body>
</html>
8.编写error.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>失败页面</title>
</head>
<body>
对不起,您登录失败!
</body>
</html>
9.编写welcome.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<%@page import="com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.*"%>
<%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>成功登录</title>
</head>
<body>
${sessionScope.user1},您已经成功登录!
<table border="1" width="360">
<caption>图书</caption>
<!-- 迭代输出ValueStack中的books对象，其中status是迭代的序号 -->
<s:iterator value="books" status="index">
<!-- 判断序号是否为奇数 -->
<s:if test="#index.odd == true">
<tr style="background-color:#dedede">
<td>书名:</td>
<td><s:property/></td>
</tr>
</s:if>
<!-- 判断迭代元素的序号是否不为偶数 -->
<s:else>
<tr>
<td>书名:</td>
<td><s:property/></td>
</tr>
</s:else>
</s:iterator>
</table>
</body>
</html>