springboot基础学习

一、Spring Boot 入门

1、Spring Boot 简介

简化Spring应用开发的一个框架;

整个Spring技术栈的一个大整合;

J2EE开发的一站式解决方案;

2、微服务

2014,martin fowler

微服务:架构风格(服务微化)

一个应用应该是一组小型服务;可以通过HTTP的方式进行互通;

单体应用:ALL IN ONE

微服务:每一个功能元素最终都是一个可独立替换和独立升级的软件单元;

详细参照微服务文档

3、环境准备

http://www.gulixueyuan.com/ 谷粒学院

环境约束

–jdk1.8:Spring Boot 推荐jdk1.7及以上;java version “1.8.0_112”

–maven3.x:maven 3.3以上版本;Apache Maven 3.3.9

–IntelliJIDEA2017:IntelliJ IDEA 2017.2.2 x64、STS

–SpringBoot 1.5.9.RELEASE:1.5.9;

统一环境;

1、MAVEN设置;

给maven 的settings.xml配置文件的profiles标签添加

<profile>
  <id>jdk-1.8id>
  <activation>
    <activeByDefault>trueactiveByDefault>
    <jdk>1.8jdk>
  activation>
  <properties>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.8maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.8maven.compiler.target>
    <maven.compiler.compilerVersion>1.8maven.compiler.compilerVersion>
  properties>
profile>

2、IDEA设置

整合maven进来;
springboot基础学习_第1张图片springboot基础学习_第2张图片

4、Spring Boot HelloWorld

一个功能:

浏览器发送hello请求,服务器接受请求并处理,响应Hello World字符串;

1、创建一个maven工程;(jar)

2、导入spring boot相关的依赖

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
        <version>1.5.9.RELEASEversion>
    parent>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
        dependency>
    dependencies>

3、编写一个主程序;启动Spring Boot应用

/**
 *  @SpringBootApplication 来标注一个主程序类,说明这是一个Spring Boot应用
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloWorldMainApplication {
     

    public static void main(String[] args) {
     

        // Spring应用启动起来
        SpringApplication.run(HelloWorldMainApplication.class,args);
    }
}

4、编写相关的Controller、Service

@Controller
public class HelloController {
     

    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/hello")
    public String hello(){
     
        return "Hello World!";
    }
}

5、运行主程序测试

6、简化部署

 
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
            plugin>
        plugins>
    build>

将这个应用打成jar包,直接使用java -jar的命令进行执行;

5、Hello World探究

1、POM文件

1、父项目

<parent>
    <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
    <version>1.5.9.RELEASEversion>
parent>

他的父项目是
<parent>
  <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-dependenciesartifactId>
  <version>1.5.9.RELEASEversion>
  <relativePath>../../spring-boot-dependenciesrelativePath>
parent>
他来真正管理Spring Boot应用里面的所有依赖版本;

Spring Boot的版本仲裁中心;

以后我们导入依赖默认是不需要写版本;(没有在dependencies里面管理的依赖自然需要声明版本号)

2、启动器

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
dependency>

spring-boot-starter-web

​ spring-boot-starter:spring-boot场景启动器;帮我们导入了web模块正常运行所依赖的组件;

Spring Boot将所有的功能场景都抽取出来,做成一个个的starters(启动器),只需要在项目里面引入这些starter相关场景的所有依赖都会导入进来。要用什么功能就导入什么场景的启动器

2、主程序类,主入口类

/**
 *  @SpringBootApplication 来标注一个主程序类,说明这是一个Spring Boot应用
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class HelloWorldMainApplication {
     

    public static void main(String[] args) {
     

        // Spring应用启动起来
        SpringApplication.run(HelloWorldMainApplication.class,args);
    }
}

@SpringBootApplication: Spring Boot应用标注在某个类上说明这个类是SpringBoot的主配置类,SpringBoot就应该运行这个类的main方法来启动SpringBoot应用;

@Target(ElementType.TYPE)
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
@SpringBootConfiguration
@EnableAutoConfiguration
@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = {
     
      @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),
      @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })
public @interface SpringBootApplication {
     

@SpringBootConfiguration:Spring Boot的配置类;

​ 标注在某个类上,表示这是一个Spring Boot的配置类;

​ @Configuration:配置类上来标注这个注解;

​ 配置类 ----- 配置文件;配置类也是容器中的一个组件;@Component

@EnableAutoConfiguration:开启自动配置功能;

​ 以前我们需要配置的东西,Spring Boot帮我们自动配置;@EnableAutoConfiguration告诉SpringBoot开启自动配置功能;这样自动配置才能生效;

@AutoConfigurationPackage
@Import(EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)
public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {
     

​ @AutoConfigurationPackage:自动配置包

​ @Import(AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class):

​ Spring的底层注解@Import,给容器中导入一个组件;导入的组件由AutoConfigurationPackages.Registrar.class;

将主配置类(@SpringBootApplication标注的类)的所在包及下面所有子包里面的所有组件扫描到Spring容器;

​ @Import(EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class);

​ 给容器中导入组件?

EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector:导入哪些组件的选择器;

​ 将所有需要导入的组件以全类名的方式返回;这些组件就会被添加到容器中;

​ 会给容器中导入非常多的自动配置类(xxxAutoConfiguration);就是给容器中导入这个场景需要的所有组件,并配置好这些组件; springboot基础学习_第3张图片

有了自动配置类,免去了我们手动编写配置注入功能组件等的工作;

​ SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(EnableAutoConfiguration.class,classLoader);

==Spring Boot在启动的时候从类路径下的META-INF/spring.factories中获取EnableAutoConfiguration指定的值,将这些值作为自动配置类导入到容器中,自动配置类就生效,帮我们进行自动配置工作;==以前我们需要自己配置的东西,自动配置类都帮我们;

J2EE的整体整合解决方案和自动配置都在spring-boot-autoconfigure-1.5.9.RELEASE.jar;

Spring注解版(谷粒学院)

6、使用Spring Initializer快速创建Spring Boot项目

1、IDEA:使用 Spring Initializer快速创建项目

IDE都支持使用Spring的项目创建向导快速创建一个Spring Boot项目;

选择我们需要的模块;向导会联网创建Spring Boot项目;

默认生成的Spring Boot项目;

  • 主程序已经生成好了,我们只需要我们自己的逻辑
  • resources文件夹中目录结构
    • static:保存所有的静态资源; js css images;
    • templates:保存所有的模板页面;(Spring Boot默认jar包使用嵌入式的Tomcat,默认不支持JSP页面);可以使用模板引擎(freemarker、thymeleaf);
    • application.properties:Spring Boot应用的配置文件;可以修改一些默认设置;

2、STS使用 Spring Starter Project快速创建项目


二、配置文件

1、配置文件

SpringBoot使用一个全局的配置文件,配置文件名是固定的;

•application.properties

•application.yml

配置文件的作用:修改SpringBoot自动配置的默认值;SpringBoot在底层都给我们自动配置好;

YAML(YAML Ain’t Markup Language)

​ YAML A Markup Language:是一个标记语言

​ YAML isn’t Markup Language:不是一个标记语言;

标记语言:

​ 以前的配置文件;大多都使用的是 xxxx.xml文件;

​ YAML:以数据为中心,比json、xml等更适合做配置文件;

​ YAML:配置例子

server:
  port: 8081

​ XML:

<server>
	<port>8081port>
server>

2、YAML语法:

1、基本语法

k:(空格)v:表示一对键值对(空格必须有);

空格的缩进来控制层级关系;只要是左对齐的一列数据,都是同一个层级的

server:
    port: 8081
    path: /hello

属性和值也是大小写敏感;

2、值的写法

字面量:普通的值(数字,字符串,布尔)

​ k: v:字面直接来写;

​ 字符串默认不用加上单引号或者双引号;

​ “”:双引号;不会转义字符串里面的特殊字符;特殊字符会作为本身想表示的意思

​ name: “zhangsan \n lisi”:输出;zhangsan 换行 lisi

​ ‘’:单引号;会转义特殊字符,特殊字符最终只是一个普通的字符串数据

​ name: ‘zhangsan \n lisi’:输出;zhangsan \n lisi

对象、Map(属性和值)(键值对):

​ k: v:在下一行来写对象的属性和值的关系;注意缩进

​ 对象还是k: v的方式

friends:
		lastName: zhangsan
		age: 20

行内写法:

friends: {
     lastName: zhangsan,age: 18}

数组(List、Set):

用- 值表示数组中的一个元素

pets:
 - cat
 - dog
 - pig

行内写法

pets: [cat,dog,pig]

3、配置文件值注入

配置文件

person:
    lastName: hello
    age: 18
    boss: false
    birth: 2017/12/12
    maps: {
     k1: v1,k2: 12}
    lists:
      - lisi
      - zhaoliu
    dog:
      name: 小狗
      age: 12

javaBean:

/**
 * 将配置文件中配置的每一个属性的值,映射到这个组件中
 * @ConfigurationProperties:告诉SpringBoot将本类中的所有属性和配置文件中相关的配置进行绑定;
 *      prefix = "person":配置文件中哪个下面的所有属性进行一一映射
 *
 * 只有这个组件是容器中的组件,才能容器提供的@ConfigurationProperties功能;
 *
 */
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
public class Person {
     

    private String lastName;
    private Integer age;
    private Boolean boss;
    private Date birth;

    private Map<String,Object> maps;
    private List<Object> lists;
    private Dog dog;


我们可以导入配置文件处理器,以后编写配置就有提示了


		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-configuration-processorartifactId>
			<optional>trueoptional>
		dependency>

1、properties配置文件在idea中默认utf-8可能会乱码

调整
springboot基础学习_第4张图片

2、@Value获取值和@ConfigurationProperties获取值比较

@ConfigurationProperties @Value
功能 批量注入配置文件中的属性 一个个指定
松散绑定(松散语法) 支持 不支持
SpEL 不支持 支持
JSR303数据校验 支持 不支持
复杂类型封装 支持 不支持

配置文件yml还是properties他们都能获取到值;

如果说,我们只是在某个业务逻辑中需要获取一下配置文件中的某项值,使用@Value;

如果说,我们专门编写了一个javaBean来和配置文件进行映射,我们就直接使用@ConfigurationProperties;

3、配置文件注入值数据校验

@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
@Validated
public class Person {
     

    /**
     * 
     *      
     * 
     */

   //lastName必须是邮箱格式
    @Email
    //@Value("${person.last-name}")
    private String lastName;
    //@Value("#{11*2}")
    private Integer age;
    //@Value("true")
    private Boolean boss;

    private Date birth;
    private Map<String,Object> maps;
    private List<Object> lists;
    private Dog dog;

4、@PropertySource&@ImportResource&@Bean

@PropertySource:加载指定的配置文件;

/**
 * 将配置文件中配置的每一个属性的值,映射到这个组件中
 * @ConfigurationProperties:告诉SpringBoot将本类中的所有属性和配置文件中相关的配置进行绑定;
 *      prefix = "person":配置文件中哪个下面的所有属性进行一一映射
 *
 * 只有这个组件是容器中的组件,才能容器提供的@ConfigurationProperties功能;
 *  @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")默认从全局配置文件中获取值;
 *
 */
@PropertySource(value = {
     "classpath:person.properties"})
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "person")
//@Validated
public class Person {
     

    /**
     * 
     *      
     * 
     */

   //lastName必须是邮箱格式
   // @Email
    //@Value("${person.last-name}")
    private String lastName;
    //@Value("#{11*2}")
    private Integer age;
    //@Value("true")
    private Boolean boss;


@ImportResource:导入Spring的配置文件,让配置文件里面的内容生效;

Spring Boot里面没有Spring的配置文件,我们自己编写的配置文件,也不能自动识别;

想让Spring的配置文件生效,加载进来;@ImportResource标注在一个配置类上

@ImportResource(locations = {
     "classpath:beans.xml"})
导入Spring的配置文件让其生效

不来编写Spring的配置文件


<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">


    <bean id="helloService" class="com.atguigu.springboot.service.HelloService">bean>
beans>

SpringBoot推荐给容器中添加组件的方式;推荐使用全注解的方式

1、配置类**@Configuration**------>Spring配置文件

2、使用**@Bean**给容器中添加组件

/**
 * @Configuration:指明当前类是一个配置类;就是来替代之前的Spring配置文件
 *
 * 在配置文件中用标签添加组件
 *
 */
@Configuration
public class MyAppConfig {
     

    //将方法的返回值添加到容器中;容器中这个组件默认的id就是方法名
    @Bean
    public HelloService helloService02(){
     
        System.out.println("配置类@Bean给容器中添加组件了...");
        return new HelloService();
    }
}

##4、配置文件占位符

1、随机数

${
     random.value}、${
     random.int}、${
     random.long}
${
     random.int(10)}、${
     random.int[1024,65536]}


2、占位符获取之前配置的值,如果没有可以是用:指定默认值

person.last-name=张三${random.uuid}
person.age=${random.int}
person.birth=2017/12/15
person.boss=false
person.maps.k1=v1
person.maps.k2=14
person.lists=a,b,c
person.dog.name=${person.hello:hello}_dog
person.dog.age=15

5、Profile

1、多Profile文件

我们在主配置文件编写的时候,文件名可以是 application-{profile}.properties/yml

默认使用application.properties的配置;

2、yml支持多文档块方式

server:
  port: 8081
spring:
  profiles:
    active: prod

---
server:
  port: 8083
spring:
  profiles: dev


---

server:
  port: 8084
spring:
  profiles: prod  #指定属于哪个环境

3、激活指定profile

​ 1、在配置文件中指定 spring.profiles.active=dev

​ 2、命令行:

​ java -jar spring-boot-02-config-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --spring.profiles.active=dev;

​ 可以直接在测试的时候,配置传入命令行参数

​ 3、虚拟机参数;

​ -Dspring.profiles.active=dev

6、配置文件加载位置

springboot 启动会扫描以下位置的application.properties或者application.yml文件作为Spring boot的默认配置文件

–file:./config/

–file:./

–classpath:/config/

–classpath:/

优先级由高到底,高优先级的配置会覆盖低优先级的配置;

SpringBoot会从这四个位置全部加载主配置文件;互补配置

我们还可以通过spring.config.location来改变默认的配置文件位置

项目打包好以后,我们可以使用命令行参数的形式,启动项目的时候来指定配置文件的新位置;指定配置文件和默认加载的这些配置文件共同起作用形成互补配置;

java -jar spring-boot-02-config-02-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --spring.config.location=G:/application.properties

7、外部配置加载顺序

SpringBoot也可以从以下位置加载配置; 优先级从高到低;高优先级的配置覆盖低优先级的配置,所有的配置会形成互补配置

1.命令行参数

所有的配置都可以在命令行上进行指定

java -jar spring-boot-02-config-02-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar --server.port=8087 --server.context-path=/abc

多个配置用空格分开; --配置项=值

2.来自java:comp/env的JNDI属性

3.Java系统属性(System.getProperties())

4.操作系统环境变量

5.RandomValuePropertySource配置的random.*属性值

由jar包外向jar包内进行寻找;

优先加载带profile

6.jar包外部的application-{profile}.properties或application.yml(带spring.profile)配置文件

7.jar包内部的application-{profile}.properties或application.yml(带spring.profile)配置文件

再来加载不带profile

8.jar包外部的application.properties或application.yml(不带spring.profile)配置文件

9.jar包内部的application.properties或application.yml(不带spring.profile)配置文件

10.@Configuration注解类上的@PropertySource

11.通过SpringApplication.setDefaultProperties指定的默认属性

所有支持的配置加载来源;

参考官方文档

8、自动配置原理

配置文件到底能写什么?怎么写?自动配置原理;

配置文件能配置的属性参照

1、自动配置原理:

1)、SpringBoot启动的时候加载主配置类,开启了自动配置功能 @EnableAutoConfiguration

2)、@EnableAutoConfiguration 作用:

  • 利用EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector给容器中导入一些组件?

  • 可以查看selectImports()方法的内容;

  • List configurations = getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);获取候选的配置

    • SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames()
      扫描所有jar包类路径下  META-INF/spring.factories
      把扫描到的这些文件的内容包装成properties对象
      从properties中获取到EnableAutoConfiguration.class类(类名)对应的值,然后把他们添加在容器中
      
      
      

将 类路径下 META-INF/spring.factories 里面配置的所有EnableAutoConfiguration的值加入到了容器中;

# Auto Configure
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.RabbitAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.batch.BatchAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cassandra.CassandraAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cloud.CloudAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.ConfigurationPropertiesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.MessageSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.couchbase.CouchbaseAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.dao.PersistenceExceptionTranslationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.cassandra.CassandraRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.couchbase.CouchbaseRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.elasticsearch.ElasticsearchRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.jpa.JpaRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.ldap.LdapDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.ldap.LdapRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.mongo.MongoRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jDataAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.neo4j.Neo4jRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.solr.SolrRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.redis.RedisRepositoriesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.rest.RepositoryRestMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.data.web.SpringDataWebAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.elasticsearch.jest.JestAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.freemarker.FreeMarkerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.gson.GsonAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.h2.H2ConsoleAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hateoas.HypermediaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.hazelcast.HazelcastJpaDependencyAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.info.ProjectInfoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.integration.IntegrationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jackson.JacksonAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JdbcTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.JndiDataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.XADataSourceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JmsAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jmx.JmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.JndiConnectionFactoryAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.activemq.ActiveMQAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jms.artemis.ArtemisAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.flyway.FlywayAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.groovy.template.GroovyTemplateAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jersey.JerseyAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jooq.JooqAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.kafka.KafkaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.embedded.EmbeddedLdapAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.ldap.LdapAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.liquibase.LiquibaseAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mail.MailSenderValidatorAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mobile.DeviceResolverAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mobile.DeviceDelegatingViewResolverAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mobile.SitePreferenceAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.embedded.EmbeddedMongoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mongo.MongoAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mustache.MustacheAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.HibernateJpaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.reactor.ReactorAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.SecurityAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.SecurityFilterAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.FallbackWebSecurityAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.oauth2.OAuth2AutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.sendgrid.SendGridAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.session.SessionAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.social.SocialWebAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.social.FacebookAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.social.LinkedInAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.social.TwitterAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.solr.SolrAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.thymeleaf.ThymeleafAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.TransactionAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.transaction.jta.JtaAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.validation.ValidationAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.HttpMessageConvertersAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.MultipartAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ServerPropertiesAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebClientAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.WebMvcAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.WebSocketAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.websocket.WebSocketMessagingAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.webservices.WebServicesAutoConfiguration

每一个这样的 xxxAutoConfiguration类都是容器中的一个组件,都加入到容器中;用他们来做自动配置;

3)、每一个自动配置类进行自动配置功能;

4)、以**HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration(Http编码自动配置)**为例解释自动配置原理;

@Configuration   //表示这是一个配置类,以前编写的配置文件一样,也可以给容器中添加组件
@EnableConfigurationProperties(HttpEncodingProperties.class)  //启动指定类的ConfigurationProperties功能;将配置文件中对应的值和HttpEncodingProperties绑定起来;并把HttpEncodingProperties加入到ioc容器中

@ConditionalOnWebApplication //Spring底层@Conditional注解(Spring注解版),根据不同的条件,如果满足指定的条件,整个配置类里面的配置就会生效;    判断当前应用是否是web应用,如果是,当前配置类生效

@ConditionalOnClass(CharacterEncodingFilter.class)  //判断当前项目有没有这个类CharacterEncodingFilter;SpringMVC中进行乱码解决的过滤器;

@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.http.encoding", value = "enabled", matchIfMissing = true)  //判断配置文件中是否存在某个配置  spring.http.encoding.enabled;如果不存在,判断也是成立的
//即使我们配置文件中不配置pring.http.encoding.enabled=true,也是默认生效的;
public class HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration {
     
  
  	//他已经和SpringBoot的配置文件映射了
  	private final HttpEncodingProperties properties;
  
   //只有一个有参构造器的情况下,参数的值就会从容器中拿
  	public HttpEncodingAutoConfiguration(HttpEncodingProperties properties) {
     
		this.properties = properties;
	}
  
    @Bean   //给容器中添加一个组件,这个组件的某些值需要从properties中获取
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean(CharacterEncodingFilter.class) //判断容器没有这个组件?
	public CharacterEncodingFilter characterEncodingFilter() {
     
		CharacterEncodingFilter filter = new OrderedCharacterEncodingFilter();
		filter.setEncoding(this.properties.getCharset().name());
		filter.setForceRequestEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(Type.REQUEST));
		filter.setForceResponseEncoding(this.properties.shouldForce(Type.RESPONSE));
		return filter;
	}

根据当前不同的条件判断,决定这个配置类是否生效?

一但这个配置类生效;这个配置类就会给容器中添加各种组件;这些组件的属性是从对应的properties类中获取的,这些类里面的每一个属性又是和配置文件绑定的;

5)、所有在配置文件中能配置的属性都是在xxxxProperties类中封装者‘;配置文件能配置什么就可以参照某个功能对应的这个属性类

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.http.encoding")  //从配置文件中获取指定的值和bean的属性进行绑定
public class HttpEncodingProperties {
     

   public static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.forName("UTF-8");

精髓:

1)、SpringBoot启动会加载大量的自动配置类

2)、我们看我们需要的功能有没有SpringBoot默认写好的自动配置类;

3)、我们再来看这个自动配置类中到底配置了哪些组件;(只要我们要用的组件有,我们就不需要再来配置了)

4)、给容器中自动配置类添加组件的时候,会从properties类中获取某些属性。我们就可以在配置文件中指定这些属性的值;

xxxxAutoConfigurartion:自动配置类;

给容器中添加组件

xxxxProperties:封装配置文件中相关属性;

2、细节

1、@Conditional派生注解(Spring注解版原生的@Conditional作用)

作用:必须是@Conditional指定的条件成立,才给容器中添加组件,配置配里面的所有内容才生效;

@Conditional扩展注解 作用(判断是否满足当前指定条件)
@ConditionalOnJava 系统的java版本是否符合要求
@ConditionalOnBean 容器中存在指定Bean;
@ConditionalOnMissingBean 容器中不存在指定Bean;
@ConditionalOnExpression 满足SpEL表达式指定
@ConditionalOnClass 系统中有指定的类
@ConditionalOnMissingClass 系统中没有指定的类
@ConditionalOnSingleCandidate 容器中只有一个指定的Bean,或者这个Bean是首选Bean
@ConditionalOnProperty 系统中指定的属性是否有指定的值
@ConditionalOnResource 类路径下是否存在指定资源文件
@ConditionalOnWebApplication 当前是web环境
@ConditionalOnNotWebApplication 当前不是web环境
@ConditionalOnJndi JNDI存在指定项

自动配置类必须在一定的条件下才能生效;

我们怎么知道哪些自动配置类生效;

我们可以通过启用 debug=true属性;来让控制台打印自动配置报告,这样我们就可以很方便的知道哪些自动配置类生效;

=========================
AUTO-CONFIGURATION REPORT
=========================


Positive matches:(自动配置类启用的)
-----------------

   DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration matched:
      - @ConditionalOnClass found required class 'org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet'; @ConditionalOnMissingClass did not find unwanted class (OnClassCondition)
      - @ConditionalOnWebApplication (required) found StandardServletEnvironment (OnWebApplicationCondition)
        
    
Negative matches:(没有启动,没有匹配成功的自动配置类)
-----------------

   ActiveMQAutoConfiguration:
      Did not match:
         - @ConditionalOnClass did not find required classes 'javax.jms.ConnectionFactory', 'org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory' (OnClassCondition)

   AopAutoConfiguration:
      Did not match:
         - @ConditionalOnClass did not find required classes 'org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect', 'org.aspectj.lang.reflect.Advice' (OnClassCondition)
        

三、日志

1、日志框架

小张;开发一个大型系统;

​ 1、System.out.println("");将关键数据打印在控制台;去掉?写在一个文件?

​ 2、框架来记录系统的一些运行时信息;日志框架 ; zhanglogging.jar;

​ 3、高大上的几个功能?异步模式?自动归档?xxxx? zhanglogging-good.jar?

​ 4、将以前框架卸下来?换上新的框架,重新修改之前相关的API;zhanglogging-prefect.jar;

​ 5、JDBC—数据库驱动;

​ 写了一个统一的接口层;日志门面(日志的一个抽象层);logging-abstract.jar;

​ 给项目中导入具体的日志实现就行了;我们之前的日志框架都是实现的抽象层;

市面上的日志框架;

JUL、JCL、Jboss-logging、logback、log4j、log4j2、slf4j…

日志门面 (日志的抽象层) 日志实现
JCL(Jakarta Commons Logging) SLF4j(Simple Logging Facade for Java) jboss-logging Log4j JUL(java.util.logging) Log4j2 Logback

左边选一个门面(抽象层)、右边来选一个实现;

日志门面: SLF4J;

日志实现:Logback;

SpringBoot:底层是Spring框架,Spring框架默认是用JCL;‘

SpringBoot选用 SLF4j和logback;

2、SLF4j使用

1、如何在系统中使用SLF4j https://www.slf4j.org

以后开发的时候,日志记录方法的调用,不应该来直接调用日志的实现类,而是调用日志抽象层里面的方法;

给系统里面导入slf4j的jar和 logback的实现jar

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class HelloWorld {
     
  public static void main(String[] args) {
     
    Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HelloWorld.class);
    logger.info("Hello World");
  }
}

图示;

springboot基础学习_第5张图片

每一个日志的实现框架都有自己的配置文件。使用slf4j以后,配置文件还是做成日志实现框架自己本身的配置文件;

2、遗留问题

a(slf4j+logback): Spring(commons-logging)、Hibernate(jboss-logging)、MyBatis、xxxx

统一日志记录,即使是别的框架和我一起统一使用slf4j进行输出?

springboot基础学习_第6张图片

如何让系统中所有的日志都统一到slf4j;

1、将系统中其他日志框架先排除出去;

2、用中间包来替换原有的日志框架;

3、我们导入slf4j其他的实现

3、SpringBoot日志关系

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starterartifactId>
		dependency>

SpringBoot使用它来做日志功能;

	<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-loggingartifactId>
		dependency>

底层依赖关系

springboot基础学习_第7张图片

总结:

​ 1)、SpringBoot底层也是使用slf4j+logback的方式进行日志记录

​ 2)、SpringBoot也把其他的日志都替换成了slf4j;

​ 3)、中间替换包?

@SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
public abstract class LogFactory {
     

    static String UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION_IN_JCL_OVER_SLF4J = "http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#unsupported_operation_in_jcl_over_slf4j";

    static LogFactory logFactory = new SLF4JLogFactory();

springboot基础学习_第8张图片

​ 4)、如果我们要引入其他框架?一定要把这个框架的默认日志依赖移除掉?

​ Spring框架用的是commons-logging;

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
			<artifactId>spring-coreartifactId>
			<exclusions>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>commons-logginggroupId>
					<artifactId>commons-loggingartifactId>
				exclusion>
			exclusions>
		dependency>

SpringBoot能自动适配所有的日志,而且底层使用slf4j+logback的方式记录日志,引入其他框架的时候,只需要把这个框架依赖的日志框架排除掉即可;

4、日志使用;

1、默认配置

SpringBoot默认帮我们配置好了日志;

	//记录器
	Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
	@Test
	public void contextLoads() {
     
		//System.out.println();

		//日志的级别;
		//由低到高   trace
		//可以调整输出的日志级别;日志就只会在这个级别以以后的高级别生效
		logger.trace("这是trace日志...");//跟踪轨迹
		logger.debug("这是debug日志...");//调试
		//SpringBoot默认给我们使用的是info级别的,没有指定级别的就用SpringBoot默认规定的级别;root级别
		logger.info("这是info日志...");//自己定义的信息
		logger.warn("这是warn日志...");//警告信息
		logger.error("这是error日志...");//错误信息


	}

    日志输出格式:
		%d表示日期时间,
		%thread表示线程名,
		%-5level:级别从左显示5个字符宽度
		%logger{50} 表示logger名字最长50个字符,否则按照句点分割。 
		%msg:日志消息,
		%n是换行符
    -->
    %d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n

SpringBoot修改日志的默认配置

logging.level.com.atguigu=trace


#logging.path=
# 不指定路径在当前项目下生成springboot.log日志
# 可以指定完整的路径;
#logging.file=G:/springboot.log

# 在当前磁盘的根路径下创建spring文件夹和里面的log文件夹;使用 spring.log 作为默认文件
logging.path=/spring/log

#  在控制台输出的日志的格式
logging.pattern.console=%d{yyyy-MM-dd} [%thread] %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%n
# 指定文件中日志输出的格式
logging.pattern.file=%d{yyyy-MM-dd} === [%thread] === %-5level === %logger{50} ==== %msg%n

logging.file logging.path Example Description
(none) (none) 只在控制台输出
指定文件名 (none) my.log 输出日志到my.log文件
(none) 指定目录 /var/log 输出到指定目录的 spring.log 文件中

2、指定配置

给类路径下放上每个日志框架自己的配置文件即可;SpringBoot就不使用他默认配置的了

Logging System Customization
Logback logback-spring.xml, logback-spring.groovy, logback.xml or logback.groovy
Log4j2 log4j2-spring.xml or log4j2.xml
JDK (Java Util Logging) logging.properties

logback.xml:直接就被日志框架识别了;

logback-spring.xml:日志框架就不直接加载日志的配置项,由SpringBoot解析日志配置,可以使用SpringBoot的高级Profile功能

<springProfile name="staging">
    
  	可以指定某段配置只在某个环境下生效
springProfile>


如:

<appender name="stdout" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        
        <layout class="ch.qos.logback.classic.PatternLayout">
            <springProfile name="dev">
                <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} ----> [%thread] ---> %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%npattern>
            springProfile>
            <springProfile name="!dev">
                <pattern>%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS} ==== [%thread] ==== %-5level %logger{50} - %msg%npattern>
            springProfile>
        layout>
    appender>

如果使用logback.xml作为日志配置文件,还要使用profile功能,会有以下错误

no applicable action for [springProfile]

5、切换日志框架

可以按照slf4j的日志适配图,进行相关的切换;

slf4j+log4j的方式;

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
  <exclusions>
    <exclusion>
      <artifactId>logback-classicartifactId>
      <groupId>ch.qos.logbackgroupId>
    exclusion>
    <exclusion>
      <artifactId>log4j-over-slf4jartifactId>
      <groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
    exclusion>
  exclusions>
dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
  <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12artifactId>
dependency>


切换为log4j2

   <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-loggingartifactId>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                exclusion>
            exclusions>
        dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-log4j2artifactId>
dependency>


四、Web开发

1、简介

使用SpringBoot;

1)、创建SpringBoot应用,选中我们需要的模块;

2)、SpringBoot已经默认将这些场景配置好了,只需要在配置文件中指定少量配置就可以运行起来

3)、自己编写业务代码;

自动配置原理?

这个场景SpringBoot帮我们配置了什么?能不能修改?能修改哪些配置?能不能扩展?xxx

xxxxAutoConfiguration:帮我们给容器中自动配置组件;
xxxxProperties:配置类来封装配置文件的内容;


2、SpringBoot对静态资源的映射规则;

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.resources", ignoreUnknownFields = false)
public class ResourceProperties implements ResourceLoaderAware {
     
  //可以设置和静态资源有关的参数,缓存时间等

	WebMvcAuotConfiguration:
		@Override
		public void addResourceHandlers(ResourceHandlerRegistry registry) {
     
			if (!this.resourceProperties.isAddMappings()) {
     
				logger.debug("Default resource handling disabled");
				return;
			}
			Integer cachePeriod = this.resourceProperties.getCachePeriod();
			if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern("/webjars/**")) {
     
				customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(
						registry.addResourceHandler("/webjars/**")
								.addResourceLocations(
										"classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/")
						.setCachePeriod(cachePeriod));
			}
			String staticPathPattern = this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern();
          	//静态资源文件夹映射
			if (!registry.hasMappingForPattern(staticPathPattern)) {
     
				customizeResourceHandlerRegistration(
						registry.addResourceHandler(staticPathPattern)
								.addResourceLocations(
										this.resourceProperties.getStaticLocations())
						.setCachePeriod(cachePeriod));
			}
		}

        //配置欢迎页映射
		@Bean
		public WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping(
				ResourceProperties resourceProperties) {
     
			return new WelcomePageHandlerMapping(resourceProperties.getWelcomePage(),
					this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern());
		}

       //配置喜欢的图标
		@Configuration
		@ConditionalOnProperty(value = "spring.mvc.favicon.enabled", matchIfMissing = true)
		public static class FaviconConfiguration {
     

			private final ResourceProperties resourceProperties;

			public FaviconConfiguration(ResourceProperties resourceProperties) {
     
				this.resourceProperties = resourceProperties;
			}

			@Bean
			public SimpleUrlHandlerMapping faviconHandlerMapping() {
     
				SimpleUrlHandlerMapping mapping = new SimpleUrlHandlerMapping();
				mapping.setOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 1);
              	//所有  **/favicon.ico 
				mapping.setUrlMap(Collections.singletonMap("**/favicon.ico",
						faviconRequestHandler()));
				return mapping;
			}

			@Bean
			public ResourceHttpRequestHandler faviconRequestHandler() {
     
				ResourceHttpRequestHandler requestHandler = new ResourceHttpRequestHandler();
				requestHandler
						.setLocations(this.resourceProperties.getFaviconLocations());
				return requestHandler;
			}

		}


1)、所有 /webjars/ ,都去 classpath:/META-INF/resources/webjars/ 找资源;

​ webjars:以jar包的方式引入静态资源;

http://www.webjars.org/

springboot基础学习_第9张图片

localhost:8080/webjars/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.js

在访问的时候只需要写webjars下面资源的名称即可
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.webjarsgroupId>
			<artifactId>jqueryartifactId>
			<version>3.3.1version>
		dependency>

2)、"/**" 访问当前项目的任何资源,都去(静态资源的文件夹)找映射

"classpath:/META-INF/resources/", 
"classpath:/resources/",
"classpath:/static/", 
"classpath:/public/" 
"/":当前项目的根路径

localhost:8080/abc === 去静态资源文件夹里面找abc

3)、欢迎页; 静态资源文件夹下的所有index.html页面;被"/**"映射;

​ localhost:8080/ 找index页面

4)、所有的 **/favicon.ico 都是在静态资源文件下找;

3、模板引擎

JSP、Velocity、Freemarker、Thymeleaf
springboot基础学习_第10张图片

SpringBoot推荐的Thymeleaf;

语法更简单,功能更强大;

1、引入thymeleaf;

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleafartifactId>
          	2.1.6
		dependency>
切换thymeleaf版本
<properties>
		<thymeleaf.version>3.0.9.RELEASEthymeleaf.version>
		
		
		<thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>2.2.2thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>
  properties>

2、Thymeleaf使用

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.thymeleaf")
public class ThymeleafProperties {
     

	private static final Charset DEFAULT_ENCODING = Charset.forName("UTF-8");

	private static final MimeType DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE = MimeType.valueOf("text/html");

	public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "classpath:/templates/";

	public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".html";
  	//

只要我们把HTML页面放在classpath:/templates/,thymeleaf就能自动渲染;

使用:

1、导入thymeleaf的名称空间

<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">

2、使用thymeleaf语法;


<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>Titletitle>
head>
<body>
    <h1>成功!h1>
    
    <div th:text="${hello}">这是显示欢迎信息div>
body>
html>

3、语法规则

1)、th:text;改变当前元素里面的文本内容;

​ th:任意html属性;来替换原生属性的值

springboot基础学习_第11张图片

2)、表达式?

Simple expressions:(表达式语法)
    Variable Expressions: ${...}:获取变量值;OGNL;
    		1)、获取对象的属性、调用方法
    		2)、使用内置的基本对象:
    			#ctx : the context object.
    			#vars: the context variables.
                #locale : the context locale.
                #request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object.
                #response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object.
                #session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object.
                #servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.
                
                ${session.foo}
            3)、内置的一些工具对象:
#execInfo : information about the template being processed.
#messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the same way as they would be obtained using #{…} syntax.
#uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
#conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any).
#dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc.
#calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects.
#numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects.
#strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc.
#objects : methods for objects in general.
#bools : methods for boolean evaluation.
#arrays : methods for arrays.
#lists : methods for lists.
#sets : methods for sets.
#maps : methods for maps.
#aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections.
#ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a result of an iteration).

    Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}:选择表达式:和${}在功能上是一样;
    	补充:配合 th:object="${session.user}:
   

Name: Sebastian.

Surname: Pepper.

Nationality: Saturn.

Message Expressions: #{...}:获取国际化内容 Link URL Expressions: @{...}:定义URL; @{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')} Fragment Expressions: ~{...}:片段引用表达式
...
Literals(字面量) Text literals: 'one text' , 'Another one!' ,… Number literals: 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,… Boolean literals: true , false Null literal: null Literal tokens: one , sometext , main ,… Text operations:(文本操作) String concatenation: + Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}| Arithmetic operations:(数学运算) Binary operators: + , - , * , / , % Minus sign (unary operator): - Boolean operations:(布尔运算) Binary operators: and , or Boolean negation (unary operator): ! , not Comparisons and equality:(比较运算) Comparators: > , < , >= , <= ( gt , lt , ge , le ) Equality operators: == , != ( eq , ne ) Conditional operators:条件运算(三元运算符) If-then: (if) ? (then) If-then-else: (if) ? (then) : (else) Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue) Special tokens: No-Operation: _

4、SpringMVC自动配置

https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/1.5.10.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-developing-web-applications

1. Spring MVC auto-configuration

Spring Boot 自动配置好了SpringMVC

以下是SpringBoot对SpringMVC的默认配置:(WebMvcAutoConfiguration)

  • Inclusion of ContentNegotiatingViewResolver and BeanNameViewResolver beans.

    • 自动配置了ViewResolver(视图解析器:根据方法的返回值得到视图对象(View),视图对象决定如何渲染(转发?重定向?))
    • ContentNegotiatingViewResolver:组合所有的视图解析器的;
    • 如何定制:我们可以自己给容器中添加一个视图解析器;自动的将其组合进来;
  • Support for serving static resources, including support for WebJars (see below).静态资源文件夹路径,webjars

  • Static index.html support. 静态首页访问

  • Custom Favicon support (see below). favicon.ico

  • 自动注册了 of Converter, GenericConverter, Formatter beans.

    • Converter:转换器; public String hello(User user):类型转换使用Converter
    • Formatter 格式化器; 2017.12.17===Date;
		@Bean
		@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "date-format")//在文件中配置日期格式化的规则
		public Formatter<Date> dateFormatter() {
     
			return new DateFormatter(this.mvcProperties.getDateFormat());//日期格式化组件
		}

自己添加的格式化器转换器,我们只需要放在容器中即可

  • Support for HttpMessageConverters (see below).

    • HttpMessageConverter:SpringMVC用来转换Http请求和响应的;User—Json;

    • HttpMessageConverters 是从容器中确定;获取所有的HttpMessageConverter;

      自己给容器中添加HttpMessageConverter,只需要将自己的组件注册容器中(@Bean,@Component)

  • Automatic registration of MessageCodesResolver (see below).定义错误代码生成规则

  • Automatic use of a ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer bean (see below).

    我们可以配置一个ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer来替换默认的;(添加到容器)

    初始化WebDataBinder;
    请求数据=====JavaBean;
    
    

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web:web的所有自动场景;

If you want to keep Spring Boot MVC features, and you just want to add additional MVC configuration (interceptors, formatters, view controllers etc.) you can add your own @Configuration class of type WebMvcConfigurerAdapter, but without @EnableWebMvc. If you wish to provide custom instances of RequestMappingHandlerMapping, RequestMappingHandlerAdapter or ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver you can declare a WebMvcRegistrationsAdapter instance providing such components.

If you want to take complete control of Spring MVC, you can add your own @Configuration annotated with @EnableWebMvc.

2、扩展SpringMVC

    <mvc:view-controller path="/hello" view-name="success"/>
    <mvc:interceptors>
        <mvc:interceptor>
            <mvc:mapping path="/hello"/>
            <bean>bean>
        mvc:interceptor>
    mvc:interceptors>

编写一个配置类(@Configuration),是WebMvcConfigurerAdapter类型;不能标注@EnableWebMvc;

既保留了所有的自动配置,也能用我们扩展的配置;

//使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter可以来扩展SpringMVC的功能
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
     

    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
     
       // super.addViewControllers(registry);
        //浏览器发送 /atguigu 请求来到 success
        registry.addViewController("/atguigu").setViewName("success");
    }
}

原理:

​ 1)、WebMvcAutoConfiguration是SpringMVC的自动配置类

​ 2)、在做其他自动配置时会导入;@Import(EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class)

    @Configuration
	public static class EnableWebMvcConfiguration extends DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration {
     
      private final WebMvcConfigurerComposite configurers = new WebMvcConfigurerComposite();

	 //从容器中获取所有的WebMvcConfigurer
      @Autowired(required = false)
      public void setConfigurers(List<WebMvcConfigurer> configurers) {
     
          if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(configurers)) {
     
              this.configurers.addWebMvcConfigurers(configurers);
            	//一个参考实现;将所有的WebMvcConfigurer相关配置都来一起调用;  
            	@Override
             // public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
     
              //    for (WebMvcConfigurer delegate : this.delegates) {
     
               //       delegate.addViewControllers(registry);
               //   }
              }
          }
	}

​ 3)、容器中所有的WebMvcConfigurer都会一起起作用;

​ 4)、我们的配置类也会被调用;

​ 效果:SpringMVC的自动配置和我们的扩展配置都会起作用;

3、全面接管SpringMVC;

SpringBoot对SpringMVC的自动配置不需要了,所有都是我们自己配置;所有的SpringMVC的自动配置都失效了

我们需要在配置类中添加@EnableWebMvc即可;

//使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter可以来扩展SpringMVC的功能
@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
     

    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
     
       // super.addViewControllers(registry);
        //浏览器发送 /atguigu 请求来到 success
        registry.addViewController("/atguigu").setViewName("success");
    }
}

原理:

为什么@EnableWebMvc自动配置就失效了;

1)@EnableWebMvc的核心

@Import(DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.class)
public @interface EnableWebMvc {
     

2)、

@Configuration
public class DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {
     

3)、

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@ConditionalOnClass({
      Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class,
		WebMvcConfigurerAdapter.class })
//容器中没有这个组件的时候,这个自动配置类才生效
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class)
@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 10)
@AutoConfigureAfter({
      DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class,
		ValidationAutoConfiguration.class })
public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration {
     

4)、@EnableWebMvc将WebMvcConfigurationSupport组件导入进来;

5)、导入的WebMvcConfigurationSupport只是SpringMVC最基本的功能;

5、如何修改SpringBoot的默认配置

模式:

​ 1)、SpringBoot在自动配置很多组件的时候,先看容器中有没有用户自己配置的(@Bean、@Component)如果有就用用户配置的,如果没有,才自动配置;如果有些组件可以有多个(ViewResolver)将用户配置的和自己默认的组合起来;

​ 2)、在SpringBoot中会有非常多的xxxConfigurer帮助我们进行扩展配置

​ 3)、在SpringBoot中会有很多的xxxCustomizer帮助我们进行定制配置

6、RestfulCRUD

1)、默认访问首页

//使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter可以来扩展SpringMVC的功能
//@EnableWebMvc   不要接管SpringMVC
@Configuration
public class MyMvcConfig extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
     

    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
     
       // super.addViewControllers(registry);
        //浏览器发送 /atguigu 请求来到 success
        registry.addViewController("/atguigu").setViewName("success");
    }

    //所有的WebMvcConfigurerAdapter组件都会一起起作用
    @Bean //将组件注册在容器
    public WebMvcConfigurerAdapter webMvcConfigurerAdapter(){
     
        WebMvcConfigurerAdapter adapter = new WebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
     
            @Override
            public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
     
                registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
                registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
            }
        };
        return adapter;
    }
}


2)、国际化

1)、编写国际化配置文件;

2)、使用ResourceBundleMessageSource管理国际化资源文件

3)、在页面使用fmt:message取出国际化内容

步骤:

1)、编写国际化配置文件,抽取页面需要显示的国际化消息

springboot基础学习_第12张图片

2)、SpringBoot自动配置好了管理国际化资源文件的组件;

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.messages")
public class MessageSourceAutoConfiguration {
     
    
    /**
	 * Comma-separated list of basenames (essentially a fully-qualified classpath
	 * location), each following the ResourceBundle convention with relaxed support for
	 * slash based locations. If it doesn't contain a package qualifier (such as
	 * "org.mypackage"), it will be resolved from the classpath root.
	 */
	private String basename = "messages";  
    //我们的配置文件可以直接放在类路径下叫messages.properties;
    
    @Bean
	public MessageSource messageSource() {
     
		ResourceBundleMessageSource messageSource = new ResourceBundleMessageSource();
		if (StringUtils.hasText(this.basename)) {
     
            //设置国际化资源文件的基础名(去掉语言国家代码的)
			messageSource.setBasenames(StringUtils.commaDelimitedListToStringArray(
					StringUtils.trimAllWhitespace(this.basename)));
		}
		if (this.encoding != null) {
     
			messageSource.setDefaultEncoding(this.encoding.name());
		}
		messageSource.setFallbackToSystemLocale(this.fallbackToSystemLocale);
		messageSource.setCacheSeconds(this.cacheSeconds);
		messageSource.setAlwaysUseMessageFormat(this.alwaysUseMessageFormat);
		return messageSource;
	}

3)、到配置文件(application.properties)中配置国际化文件位置

spring.messages.basename=i18n.login

4)、去页面获取国际化的值;
springboot基础学习_第13张图片


<html lang="en"  xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
	<head>
		<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
		<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no">
		<meta name="description" content="">
		<meta name="author" content="">
		<title>Signin Template for Bootstraptitle>
		
		<link href="asserts/css/bootstrap.min.css" th:href="@{/webjars/bootstrap/4.0.0/css/bootstrap.css}" rel="stylesheet">
		
		<link href="asserts/css/signin.css" th:href="@{/asserts/css/signin.css}" rel="stylesheet">
	head>

	<body class="text-center">
		<form class="form-signin" action="dashboard.html">
			<img class="mb-4" th:src="@{/asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg}" src="asserts/img/bootstrap-solid.svg" alt="" width="72" height="72">
			<h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal" th:text="#{login.tip}">Please sign inh1>
			<label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.username}">Usernamelabel>
			<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Username" th:placeholder="#{login.username}" required="" autofocus="">
			<label class="sr-only" th:text="#{login.password}">Passwordlabel>
			<input type="password" class="form-control" placeholder="Password" th:placeholder="#{login.password}" required="">
			<div class="checkbox mb-3">
				<label>
          		<input type="checkbox" value="remember-me"/> [[#{login.remember}]]
        label>
			div>
			<button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit" th:text="#{login.btn}">Sign inbutton>
			<p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">© 2017-2018p>
			<a class="btn btn-sm">中文a>
			<a class="btn btn-sm">Englisha>
		form>

	body>

html>

效果:根据浏览器语言设置的信息切换了国际化;

原理:

​ 国际化Locale(区域信息对象);LocaleResolver(获取区域信息对象);

		@Bean
		@ConditionalOnMissingBean
		@ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "locale")
		public LocaleResolver localeResolver() {
     
			if (this.mvcProperties
					.getLocaleResolver() == WebMvcProperties.LocaleResolver.FIXED) {
     
				return new FixedLocaleResolver(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
			}
			AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver localeResolver = new AcceptHeaderLocaleResolver();
			localeResolver.setDefaultLocale(this.mvcProperties.getLocale());
			return localeResolver;
		}
默认的就是根据请求头带来的区域信息获取Locale进行国际化

5)、点击链接切换国际化

/**
 * 可以在连接上携带区域信息
 */
public class MyLocaleResolver implements LocaleResolver {
     
    
    @Override
    public Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {
     
        String l = request.getParameter("l");
        Locale locale = Locale.getDefault();
        if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(l)){
     
            String[] split = l.split("_");
            locale = new Locale(split[0],split[1]);
        }
        return locale;
    }

    @Override
    public void setLocale(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Locale locale) {
     

    }
}


 @Bean
    public LocaleResolver localeResolver(){
     
        return new MyLocaleResolver();
    }
}



3)、登陆

开发期间模板引擎页面修改以后,要实时生效(Ctrl+F9)

1)、禁用模板引擎的缓存

# 禁用缓存
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false 

2)、页面修改完成以后ctrl+f9:重新编译;

登陆错误消息的显示

<p style="color: red" th:text="${msg}" th:if="${not #strings.isEmpty(msg)}">p>

4)、拦截器进行登陆检查

拦截器

/**
 * 登陆检查,
 */
public class LoginHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
     
    //目标方法执行之前
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
     
        Object user = request.getSession().getAttribute("loginUser");
        if(user == null){
     
            //未登陆,返回登陆页面
            request.setAttribute("msg","没有权限请先登陆");
            request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.html").forward(request,response);
            return false;
        }else{
     
            //已登陆,放行请求
            return true;
        }

    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
     

    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
     

    }
}


注册拦截器

  //所有的WebMvcConfigurerAdapter组件都会一起起作用
    @Bean //将组件注册在容器
    public WebMvcConfigurerAdapter webMvcConfigurerAdapter(){
     
        WebMvcConfigurerAdapter adapter = new WebMvcConfigurerAdapter() {
     
            @Override
            public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
     
                registry.addViewController("/").setViewName("login");
                registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("login");
                registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard");
            }

            //注册拦截器
            @Override
            public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
     
                //super.addInterceptors(registry);
                //静态资源;  *.css , *.js
                //SpringBoot已经做好了静态资源映射
                registry.addInterceptor(new LoginHandlerInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**")
                        .excludePathPatterns("/index.html","/","/user/login");
            }
        };
        return adapter;
    }

5)、CRUD-员工列表

实验要求:

1)、RestfulCRUD:CRUD满足Rest风格;

URI: /资源名称/资源标识 HTTP请求方式区分对资源CRUD操作

普通CRUD(uri来区分操作) RestfulCRUD
查询 getEmp emp—GET
添加 addEmp?xxx emp—POST
修改 updateEmp?id=xxx&xxx=xx emp/{id}—PUT
删除 deleteEmp?id=1 emp/{id}—DELETE

2)、实验的请求架构;

实验功能 请求URI 请求方式
查询所有员工 emps GET
查询某个员工(来到修改页面) emp/1 GET
来到添加页面 emp GET
添加员工 emp POST
来到修改页面(查出员工进行信息回显) emp/1 GET
修改员工 emp PUT
删除员工 emp/1 DELETE

3)、员工列表:

thymeleaf公共页面元素抽取

1、抽取公共片段
<div th:fragment="copy">
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
div>

2、引入公共片段
<div th:insert="~{footer :: copy}">div>
~{templatename::selector}:模板名::选择器
~{templatename::fragmentname}:模板名::片段名

3、默认效果:
insert的公共片段在div标签中
如果使用th:insert等属性进行引入,可以不用写~{}:
行内写法可以加上:[[~{}]];[(~{})];

三种引入公共片段的th属性:

th:insert:将公共片段整个插入到声明引入的元素中

th:replace:将声明引入的元素替换为公共片段

th:include:将被引入的片段的内容包含进这个标签中

<footer th:fragment="copy">
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
footer>

引入方式
<div th:insert="footer :: copy">div>
<div th:replace="footer :: copy">div>
<div th:include="footer :: copy">div>

效果
<div>
    <footer>
    © 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
    footer>
div>

<footer>
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
footer>

<div>
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
div>

引入片段的时候传入参数:

<nav class="col-md-2 d-none d-md-block bg-light sidebar" id="sidebar">
    <div class="sidebar-sticky">
        <ul class="nav flex-column">
            <li class="nav-item">
                <a class="nav-link active"
                   th:class="${activeUri=='main.html'?'nav-link active':'nav-link'}"
                   href="#" th:href="@{/main.html}">
                    <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-home">
                        <path d="M3 9l9-7 9 7v11a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2z">path>
                        <polyline points="9 22 9 12 15 12 15 22">polyline>
                    svg>
                    Dashboard <span class="sr-only">(current)span>
                a>
            li>


<div th:replace="commons/bar::#sidebar(activeUri='emps')">div>

6)、CRUD-员工添加

添加页面

<form>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label>LastNamelabel>
        <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan">
    div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label>Emaillabel>
        <input type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="[email protected]">
    div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label>Genderlabel><br/>
        <div class="form-check form-check-inline">
            <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender"  value="1">
            <label class="form-check-label">label>
        div>
        <div class="form-check form-check-inline">
            <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender"  value="0">
            <label class="form-check-label">label>
        div>
    div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label>departmentlabel>
        <select class="form-control">
            <option>1option>
            <option>2option>
            <option>3option>
            <option>4option>
            <option>5option>
        select>
    div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label>Birthlabel>
        <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan">
    div>
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">添加button>
form>

提交的数据格式不对:生日:日期;

2017-12-12;2017/12/12;2017.12.12;

日期的格式化;SpringMVC将页面提交的值需要转换为指定的类型;

2017-12-12—Date; 类型转换,格式化;

默认日期是按照**/**的方式;如需更改,要在配置文件中(application.properties)设置

spring.mvc.date-format=yyyy-MM-dd

7)、CRUD-员工修改

修改添加二合一表单


<form th:action="@{/emp}" method="post">
    
    
    <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put" th:if="${emp!=null}"/>
    <input type="hidden" name="id" th:if="${emp!=null}" th:value="${emp.id}">
    <div class="form-group">
        <label>LastNamelabel>
        <input name="lastName" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.lastName}">
    div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label>Emaillabel>
        <input name="email" type="email" class="form-control" placeholder="[email protected]" th:value="${emp!=null}?${emp.email}">
    div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label>Genderlabel><br/>
        <div class="form-check form-check-inline">
            <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="1" th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==1}">
            <label class="form-check-label">label>
        div>
        <div class="form-check form-check-inline">
            <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gender" value="0" th:checked="${emp!=null}?${emp.gender==0}">
            <label class="form-check-label">label>
        div>
    div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label>departmentlabel>
        
        <select class="form-control" name="department.id">
            <option th:selected="${emp!=null}?${dept.id == emp.department.id}" th:value="${dept.id}" th:each="dept:${depts}" th:text="${dept.departmentName}">1option>
        select>
    div>
    <div class="form-group">
        <label>Birthlabel>
        <input name="birth" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="zhangsan" th:value="${emp!=null}?${#dates.format(emp.birth, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}">
    div>
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" th:text="${emp!=null}?'修改':'添加'">添加button>
form>

8)、CRUD-员工删除

<tr th:each="emp:${emps}">
    <td th:text="${emp.id}">td>
    <td>[[${emp.lastName}]]td>
    <td th:text="${emp.email}">td>
    <td th:text="${emp.gender}==0?'':''">td>
    <td th:text="${emp.department.departmentName}">td>
    <td th:text="${#dates.format(emp.birth, 'yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm')}">td>
    <td>
        <a class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" th:href="@{/emp/}+${emp.id}">编辑a>
        <button th:attr="del_uri=@{/emp/}+${emp.id}" class="btn btn-sm btn-danger deleteBtn">删除button>
    td>
tr>


<script>
    $(".deleteBtn").click(function(){
      
        //删除当前员工的
        $("#deleteEmpForm").attr("action",$(this).attr("del_uri")).submit();
        return false;
    });
script>

7、错误处理机制

1)、SpringBoot默认的错误处理机制

默认效果:

​ 1)、浏览器,返回一个默认的错误页面

springboot基础学习_第14张图片

浏览器发送请求的请求头:

springboot基础学习_第15张图片

​ 2)、如果是其他客户端,默认响应一个json数据

springboot基础学习_第16张图片

springboot基础学习_第17张图片

原理:

​ 可以参照ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration;错误处理的自动配置;

给容器中添加了以下组件

​ 1、DefaultErrorAttributes:

帮我们在页面共享信息;
@Override
	public Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(RequestAttributes requestAttributes,
			boolean includeStackTrace) {
     
		Map<String, Object> errorAttributes = new LinkedHashMap<String, Object>();
		errorAttributes.put("timestamp", new Date());
		addStatus(errorAttributes, requestAttributes);
		addErrorDetails(errorAttributes, requestAttributes, includeStackTrace);
		addPath(errorAttributes, requestAttributes);
		return errorAttributes;
	}

​ 2、BasicErrorController:处理默认/error请求

@Controller
@RequestMapping("${server.error.path:${error.path:/error}}")
public class BasicErrorController extends AbstractErrorController {
     
    
    @RequestMapping(produces = "text/html")//产生html类型的数据;浏览器发送的请求来到这个方法处理
	public ModelAndView errorHtml(HttpServletRequest request,
			HttpServletResponse response) {
     
		HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
		Map<String, Object> model = Collections.unmodifiableMap(getErrorAttributes(
				request, isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML)));
		response.setStatus(status.value());
        
        //去哪个页面作为错误页面;包含页面地址和页面内容
		ModelAndView modelAndView = resolveErrorView(request, response, status, model);
		return (modelAndView == null ? new ModelAndView("error", model) : modelAndView);
	}

	@RequestMapping
	@ResponseBody    //产生json数据,其他客户端来到这个方法处理;
	public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error(HttpServletRequest request) {
     
		Map<String, Object> body = getErrorAttributes(request,
				isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.ALL));
		HttpStatus status = getStatus(request);
		return new ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>>(body, status);
	}

​ 3、ErrorPageCustomizer:

	@Value("${error.path:/error}")
	private String path = "/error";  系统出现错误以后来到error请求进行处理;(web.xml注册的错误页面规则)

​ 4、DefaultErrorViewResolver:

@Override
	public ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request, HttpStatus status,
			Map<String, Object> model) {
     
		ModelAndView modelAndView = resolve(String.valueOf(status), model);
		if (modelAndView == null && SERIES_VIEWS.containsKey(status.series())) {
     
			modelAndView = resolve(SERIES_VIEWS.get(status.series()), model);
		}
		return modelAndView;
	}

	private ModelAndView resolve(String viewName, Map<String, Object> model) {
     
        //默认SpringBoot可以去找到一个页面?  error/404
		String errorViewName = "error/" + viewName;
        
        //模板引擎可以解析这个页面地址就用模板引擎解析
		TemplateAvailabilityProvider provider = this.templateAvailabilityProviders
				.getProvider(errorViewName, this.applicationContext);
		if (provider != null) {
     
            //模板引擎可用的情况下返回到errorViewName指定的视图地址
			return new ModelAndView(errorViewName, model);
		}
        //模板引擎不可用,就在静态资源文件夹下找errorViewName对应的页面   error/404.html
		return resolveResource(errorViewName, model);
	}

​ 步骤:

​ 一但系统出现4xx或者5xx之类的错误;ErrorPageCustomizer就会生效(定制错误的响应规则);就会来到/error请求;就会被BasicErrorController处理;

​ 1)响应页面;去哪个页面是由DefaultErrorViewResolver解析得到的;

protected ModelAndView resolveErrorView(HttpServletRequest request,
      HttpServletResponse response, HttpStatus status, Map<String, Object> model) {
     
    //所有的ErrorViewResolver得到ModelAndView
   for (ErrorViewResolver resolver : this.errorViewResolvers) {
     
      ModelAndView modelAndView = resolver.resolveErrorView(request, status, model);
      if (modelAndView != null) {
     
         return modelAndView;
      }
   }
   return null;
}

2)、如果定制错误响应:

1)、如何定制错误的页面;

1)、有模板引擎的情况下;error/状态码; 【将错误页面命名为 错误状态码.html 放在模板引擎文件夹里面的 error文件夹下】,发生此状态码的错误就会来到 对应的页面;

​ 我们可以使用4xx和5xx作为错误页面的文件名来匹配这种类型的所有错误,精确优先(优先寻找精确的状态码.html);

​ 页面能获取的信息;

​ timestamp:时间戳

​ status:状态码

​ error:错误提示

​ exception:异常对象

​ message:异常消息

​ errors:JSR303数据校验的错误都在这里

​ 2)、没有模板引擎(模板引擎找不到这个错误页面),静态资源文件夹下找;

​ 3)、以上都没有错误页面,就是默认来到SpringBoot默认的错误提示页面;

2)、如何定制错误的json数据;

​ 1)、自定义异常处理&返回定制json数据;

@ControllerAdvice
public class MyExceptionHandler {
     

    @ResponseBody
    @ExceptionHandler(UserNotExistException.class)
    public Map<String,Object> handleException(Exception e){
     
        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("code","user.notexist");
        map.put("message",e.getMessage());
        return map;
    }
}
//没有自适应效果...

​ 2)、转发到/error进行自适应响应效果处理

 @ExceptionHandler(UserNotExistException.class)
    public String handleException(Exception e, HttpServletRequest request){
     
        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        //传入我们自己的错误状态码  4xx 5xx,否则就不会进入定制错误页面的解析流程
        /**
         * Integer statusCode = (Integer) request
         .getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code");
         */
        request.setAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code",500);
        map.put("code","user.notexist");
        map.put("message",e.getMessage());
        //转发到/error
        return "forward:/error";
    }

3)、将我们的定制数据携带出去;

出现错误以后,会来到/error请求,会被BasicErrorController处理,响应出去可以获取的数据是由getErrorAttributes得到的(是AbstractErrorController(ErrorController)规定的方法);

​ 1、完全来编写一个ErrorController的实现类【或者是编写AbstractErrorController的子类】,放在容器中;

​ 2、页面上能用的数据,或者是json返回能用的数据都是通过errorAttributes.getErrorAttributes得到;

​ 容器中DefaultErrorAttributes.getErrorAttributes();默认进行数据处理的;

自定义ErrorAttributes

//给容器中加入我们自己定义的ErrorAttributes
@Component
public class MyErrorAttributes extends DefaultErrorAttributes {
     

    @Override
    public Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(RequestAttributes requestAttributes, boolean includeStackTrace) {
     
        Map<String, Object> map = super.getErrorAttributes(requestAttributes, includeStackTrace);
        map.put("company","atguigu");
        return map;
    }
}

最终的效果:响应是自适应的,可以通过定制ErrorAttributes改变需要返回的内容,

springboot基础学习_第18张图片

8、配置嵌入式Servlet容器

SpringBoot默认使用Tomcat作为嵌入式的Servlet容器;

springboot基础学习_第19张图片

问题?

1)、如何定制和修改Servlet容器的相关配置;

1、修改和server有关的配置(ServerProperties【也是EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer】);

server.port=8081
server.context-path=/crud

server.tomcat.uri-encoding=UTF-8

//通用的Servlet容器设置
server.xxx
//Tomcat的设置
server.tomcat.xxx

2、编写一个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer:嵌入式的Servlet容器的定制器;来修改Servlet容器的配置

@Bean  //一定要将这个定制器加入到容器中
public EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer embeddedServletContainerCustomizer(){
     
    return new EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer() {
     

        //定制嵌入式的Servlet容器相关的规则
        @Override
        public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) {
     
            container.setPort(8083);
        }
    };
}

2)、注册Servlet三大组件【Servlet、Filter、Listener】

由于SpringBoot默认是以jar包的方式启动嵌入式的Servlet容器来启动SpringBoot的web应用,没有web.xml文件。

注册三大组件用以下方式

ServletRegistrationBean

//注册三大组件
@Bean
public ServletRegistrationBean myServlet(){
     
    ServletRegistrationBean registrationBean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new MyServlet(),"/myServlet");
    return registrationBean;
}


FilterRegistrationBean

@Bean
public FilterRegistrationBean myFilter(){
     
    FilterRegistrationBean registrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
    registrationBean.setFilter(new MyFilter());
    registrationBean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/hello","/myServlet"));
    return registrationBean;
}

ServletListenerRegistrationBean

@Bean
public ServletListenerRegistrationBean myListener(){
     
    ServletListenerRegistrationBean<MyListener> registrationBean = new ServletListenerRegistrationBean<>(new MyListener());
    return registrationBean;
}

SpringBoot帮我们自动SpringMVC的时候,自动的注册SpringMVC的前端控制器;DIspatcherServlet;

DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration中:

@Bean(name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_REGISTRATION_BEAN_NAME)
@ConditionalOnBean(value = DispatcherServlet.class, name = DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME)
public ServletRegistrationBean dispatcherServletRegistration(
      DispatcherServlet dispatcherServlet) {
     
   ServletRegistrationBean registration = new ServletRegistrationBean(
         dispatcherServlet, this.serverProperties.getServletMapping());
    //默认拦截: /  所有请求;包静态资源,但是不拦截jsp请求;   /*会拦截jsp
    //可以通过server.servletPath来修改SpringMVC前端控制器默认拦截的请求路径
    
   registration.setName(DEFAULT_DISPATCHER_SERVLET_BEAN_NAME);
   registration.setLoadOnStartup(
         this.webMvcProperties.getServlet().getLoadOnStartup());
   if (this.multipartConfig != null) {
     
      registration.setMultipartConfig(this.multipartConfig);
   }
   return registration;
}


2)、SpringBoot能不能支持其他的Servlet容器;

3)、替换为其他嵌入式Servlet容器

springboot基础学习_第20张图片

默认支持:

Tomcat(默认使用)

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
   引入web模块默认就是使用嵌入式的Tomcat作为Servlet容器;
dependency>

Jetty


<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
   <exclusions>
      <exclusion>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcatartifactId>
         <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
      exclusion>
   exclusions>
dependency>


<dependency>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jettyartifactId>
   <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
dependency>

Undertow


<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
   <exclusions>
      <exclusion>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcatartifactId>
         <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
      exclusion>
   exclusions>
dependency>


<dependency>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertowartifactId>
   <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
dependency>

4)、嵌入式Servlet容器自动配置原理;

EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration:嵌入式的Servlet容器自动配置?

@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE)
@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@Import(BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar.class)
//导入BeanPostProcessorsRegistrar:Spring注解版;给容器中导入一些组件
//导入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor:
//后置处理器:bean初始化前后(创建完对象,还没赋值赋值)执行初始化工作
public class EmbeddedServletContainerAutoConfiguration {
     
    
    @Configuration
	@ConditionalOnClass({
      Servlet.class, Tomcat.class })//判断当前是否引入了Tomcat依赖;
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)//判断当前容器没有用户自己定义EmbeddedServletContainerFactory:嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂;作用:创建嵌入式的Servlet容器
	public static class EmbeddedTomcat {
     

		@Bean
		public TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory tomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
     
			return new TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
		}

	}
    
    /**
	 * Nested configuration if Jetty is being used.
	 */
	@Configuration
	@ConditionalOnClass({
      Servlet.class, Server.class, Loader.class,
			WebAppContext.class })
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
	public static class EmbeddedJetty {
     

		@Bean
		public JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory jettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
     
			return new JettyEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
		}

	}

	/**
	 * Nested configuration if Undertow is being used.
	 */
	@Configuration
	@ConditionalOnClass({
      Servlet.class, Undertow.class, SslClientAuthMode.class })
	@ConditionalOnMissingBean(value = EmbeddedServletContainerFactory.class, search = SearchStrategy.CURRENT)
	public static class EmbeddedUndertow {
     

		@Bean
		public UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory undertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory() {
     
			return new UndertowEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();
		}

	}

1)、EmbeddedServletContainerFactory(嵌入式Servlet容器工厂)

public interface EmbeddedServletContainerFactory {
     

   //获取嵌入式的Servlet容器
   EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
         ServletContextInitializer... initializers);

}

springboot基础学习_第21张图片

2)、EmbeddedServletContainer:(嵌入式的Servlet容器)

在这里插入图片描述

3)、以TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory为例

@Override
public EmbeddedServletContainer getEmbeddedServletContainer(
      ServletContextInitializer... initializers) {
     
    //创建一个Tomcat
   Tomcat tomcat = new Tomcat();
    
    //配置Tomcat的基本环节
   File baseDir = (this.baseDirectory != null ? this.baseDirectory
         : createTempDir("tomcat"));
   tomcat.setBaseDir(baseDir.getAbsolutePath());
   Connector connector = new Connector(this.protocol);
   tomcat.getService().addConnector(connector);
   customizeConnector(connector);
   tomcat.setConnector(connector);
   tomcat.getHost().setAutoDeploy(false);
   configureEngine(tomcat.getEngine());
   for (Connector additionalConnector : this.additionalTomcatConnectors) {
     
      tomcat.getService().addConnector(additionalConnector);
   }
   prepareContext(tomcat.getHost(), initializers);
    
    //将配置好的Tomcat传入进去,返回一个EmbeddedServletContainer;并且启动Tomcat服务器
   return getTomcatEmbeddedServletContainer(tomcat);
}

4)、我们对嵌入式容器的配置修改是怎么生效?

ServerProperties、EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer

EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer:定制器帮我们修改了Servlet容器的配置?

怎么修改的原理?

5)、容器中导入了EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor

//初始化之前
@Override
public Object postProcessBeforeInitialization(Object bean, String beanName)
      throws BeansException {
     
    //如果当前初始化的是一个ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer类型的组件
   if (bean instanceof ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) {
     
       //
      postProcessBeforeInitialization((ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer) bean);
   }
   return bean;
}

private void postProcessBeforeInitialization(
			ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer bean) {
     
    //获取所有的定制器,调用每一个定制器的customize方法来给Servlet容器进行属性赋值;
    for (EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer customizer : getCustomizers()) {
     
        customizer.customize(bean);
    }
}

private Collection<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer> getCustomizers() {
     
    if (this.customizers == null) {
     
        // Look up does not include the parent context
        this.customizers = new ArrayList<EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer>(
            this.beanFactory
            //从容器中获取所有这葛类型的组件:EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer
            //定制Servlet容器,给容器中可以添加一个EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer类型的组件
            .getBeansOfType(EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer.class,
                            false, false)
            .values());
        Collections.sort(this.customizers, AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.INSTANCE);
        this.customizers = Collections.unmodifiableList(this.customizers);
    }
    return this.customizers;
}

ServerProperties也是定制器

步骤:

1)、SpringBoot根据导入的依赖情况,给容器中添加相应的EmbeddedServletContainerFactory【TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory】

2)、容器中某个组件要创建对象就会惊动后置处理器;EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizerBeanPostProcessor;

只要是嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂,后置处理器就工作;

3)、后置处理器,从容器中获取所有的EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer,调用定制器的定制方法

###5)、嵌入式Servlet容器启动原理;

什么时候创建嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂?什么时候获取嵌入式的Servlet容器并启动Tomcat;

获取嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂:

1)、SpringBoot应用启动运行run方法

2)、refreshContext(context);SpringBoot刷新IOC容器【创建IOC容器对象,并初始化容器,创建容器中的每一个组件】;如果是web应用创建AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext,否则:AnnotationConfigApplicationContext

3)、refresh(context);刷新刚才创建好的ioc容器;

public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
     
   synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
     
      // Prepare this context for refreshing.
      prepareRefresh();

      // Tell the subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
      ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

      // Prepare the bean factory for use in this context.
      prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

      try {
     
         // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
         postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

         // Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
         invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

         // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
         registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

         // Initialize message source for this context.
         initMessageSource();

         // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
         initApplicationEventMulticaster();

         // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
         onRefresh();

         // Check for listener beans and register them.
         registerListeners();

         // Instantiate all remaining (non-lazy-init) singletons.
         finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

         // Last step: publish corresponding event.
         finishRefresh();
      }

      catch (BeansException ex) {
     
         if (logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
     
            logger.warn("Exception encountered during context initialization - " +
                  "cancelling refresh attempt: " + ex);
         }

         // Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
         destroyBeans();

         // Reset 'active' flag.
         cancelRefresh(ex);

         // Propagate exception to caller.
         throw ex;
      }

      finally {
     
         // Reset common introspection caches in Spring's core, since we
         // might not ever need metadata for singleton beans anymore...
         resetCommonCaches();
      }
   }
}

4)、 onRefresh(); web的ioc容器重写了onRefresh方法

5)、webioc容器会创建嵌入式的Servlet容器;createEmbeddedServletContainer();

6)、获取嵌入式的Servlet容器工厂:

EmbeddedServletContainerFactory containerFactory = getEmbeddedServletContainerFactory();

​ 从ioc容器中获取EmbeddedServletContainerFactory 组件;TomcatEmbeddedServletContainerFactory创建对象,后置处理器一看是这个对象,就获取所有的定制器来先定制Servlet容器的相关配置;

7)、使用容器工厂获取嵌入式的Servlet容器:this.embeddedServletContainer = containerFactory .getEmbeddedServletContainer(getSelfInitializer());

8)、嵌入式的Servlet容器创建对象并启动Servlet容器;

先启动嵌入式的Servlet容器,再将ioc容器中剩下没有创建出的对象获取出来;

IOC容器启动创建嵌入式的Servlet容器

9、使用外置的Servlet容器

嵌入式Servlet容器:应用打成可执行的jar

​ 优点:简单、便携;

​ 缺点:默认不支持JSP、优化定制比较复杂(使用定制器【ServerProperties、自定义EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer】,自己编写嵌入式Servlet容器的创建工厂【EmbeddedServletContainerFactory】);

外置的Servlet容器:外面安装Tomcat—应用war包的方式打包;

步骤

1)、必须创建一个war项目;(利用idea创建好目录结构)

2)、将嵌入式的Tomcat指定为provided;

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcatartifactId>
   <scope>providedscope>
dependency>

3)、必须编写一个SpringBootServletInitializer的子类,并调用configure方法

public class ServletInitializer extends SpringBootServletInitializer {
     

   @Override
   protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {
     
       //传入SpringBoot应用的主程序
      return application.sources(SpringBoot04WebJspApplication.class);
   }

}

4)、启动服务器就可以使用;

原理

jar包:执行SpringBoot主类的main方法,启动ioc容器,创建嵌入式的Servlet容器;

war包:启动服务器,服务器启动SpringBoot应用【SpringBootServletInitializer】,启动ioc容器;

servlet3.0(Spring注解版):

8.2.4 Shared libraries / runtimes pluggability:

规则:

​ 1)、服务器启动(web应用启动)会创建当前web应用里面每一个jar包里面ServletContainerInitializer实例:

​ 2)、ServletContainerInitializer的实现放在jar包的META-INF/services文件夹下,有一个名为javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer的文件,内容就是ServletContainerInitializer的实现类的全类名

​ 3)、还可以使用@HandlesTypes,在应用启动的时候加载我们感兴趣的类;

流程:

1)、启动Tomcat

2)、org\springframework\spring-web\4.3.14.RELEASE\spring-web-4.3.14.RELEASE.jar!\META-INF\services\javax.servlet.ServletContainerInitializer:

Spring的web模块里面有这个文件:org.springframework.web.SpringServletContainerInitializer

3)、SpringServletContainerInitializer将@HandlesTypes(WebApplicationInitializer.class)标注的所有这个类型的类都传入到onStartup方法的Set>;为这些WebApplicationInitializer类型的类创建实例;

4)、每一个WebApplicationInitializer都调用自己的onStartup;
springboot基础学习_第22张图片

5)、相当于我们的SpringBootServletInitializer的类会被创建对象,并执行onStartup方法

6)、SpringBootServletInitializer实例执行onStartup的时候会createRootApplicationContext;创建容器

protected WebApplicationContext createRootApplicationContext(
      ServletContext servletContext) {
     
    //1、创建SpringApplicationBuilder
   SpringApplicationBuilder builder = createSpringApplicationBuilder();
   StandardServletEnvironment environment = new StandardServletEnvironment();
   environment.initPropertySources(servletContext, null);
   builder.environment(environment);
   builder.main(getClass());
   ApplicationContext parent = getExistingRootWebApplicationContext(servletContext);
   if (parent != null) {
     
      this.logger.info("Root context already created (using as parent).");
      servletContext.setAttribute(
            WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, null);
      builder.initializers(new ParentContextApplicationContextInitializer(parent));
   }
   builder.initializers(
         new ServletContextApplicationContextInitializer(servletContext));
   builder.contextClass(AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext.class);
    
    //调用configure方法,子类重写了这个方法,将SpringBoot的主程序类传入了进来
   builder = configure(builder);
    
    //使用builder创建一个Spring应用
   SpringApplication application = builder.build();
   if (application.getSources().isEmpty() && AnnotationUtils
         .findAnnotation(getClass(), Configuration.class) != null) {
     
      application.getSources().add(getClass());
   }
   Assert.state(!application.getSources().isEmpty(),
         "No SpringApplication sources have been defined. Either override the "
               + "configure method or add an @Configuration annotation");
   // Ensure error pages are registered
   if (this.registerErrorPageFilter) {
     
      application.getSources().add(ErrorPageFilterConfiguration.class);
   }
    //启动Spring应用
   return run(application);
}

7)、Spring的应用就启动并且创建IOC容器

public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
     
   StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
   stopWatch.start();
   ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
   FailureAnalyzers analyzers = null;
   configureHeadlessProperty();
   SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
   listeners.starting();
   try {
     
      ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(
            args);
      ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners,
            applicationArguments);
      Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
      context = createApplicationContext();
      analyzers = new FailureAnalyzers(context);
      prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments,
            printedBanner);
       
       //刷新IOC容器
      refreshContext(context);
      afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
      listeners.finished(context, null);
      stopWatch.stop();
      if (this.logStartupInfo) {
     
         new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)
               .logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
      }
      return context;
   }
   catch (Throwable ex) {
     
      handleRunFailure(context, listeners, analyzers, ex);
      throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
   }
}

启动Servlet容器,再启动SpringBoot应用

五、Docker

1、简介

Docker是一个开源的应用容器引擎;是一个轻量级容器技术;

Docker支持将软件编译成一个镜像;然后在镜像中各种软件做好配置,将镜像发布出去,其他使用者可以直接使用这个镜像;

运行中的这个镜像称为容器,容器启动是非常快速的。

springboot基础学习_第23张图片

springboot基础学习_第24张图片

2、核心概念

docker主机(Host):安装了Docker程序的机器(Docker直接安装在操作系统之上);

docker客户端(Client):连接docker主机进行操作;

docker仓库(Registry):用来保存各种打包好的软件镜像;

docker镜像(Images):软件打包好的镜像;放在docker仓库中;

docker容器(Container):镜像启动后的实例称为一个容器;容器是独立运行的一个或一组应用
springboot基础学习_第25张图片

使用Docker的步骤:

1)、安装Docker

2)、去Docker仓库找到这个软件对应的镜像;

3)、使用Docker运行这个镜像,这个镜像就会生成一个Docker容器;

4)、对容器的启动停止就是对软件的启动停止;

3、安装Docker

1)、安装linux虚拟机

​ 1)、VMWare、VirtualBox(安装);

​ 2)、导入虚拟机文件centos7-atguigu.ova;

​ 3)、双击启动linux虚拟机;使用 root/ 123456登陆

​ 4)、使用客户端连接linux服务器进行命令操作;

​ 5)、设置虚拟机网络;

​ 桥接网络=选好网卡==接入网线;

​ 6)、设置好网络以后使用命令重启虚拟机的网络

service network restart

​ 7)、查看linux的ip地址

ip addr

​ 8)、使用客户端连接linux;

2)、在linux虚拟机上安装docker

步骤:

1、检查内核版本,必须是3.10及以上
uname -r
2、安装docker
yum install docker-ce
3、输入y确认安装
4、启动docker
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@localhost ~]# docker -v
Docker version 1.12.6, build 3e8e77d/1.12.6
5、开机启动docker
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
6、停止docker
systemctl stop docker

4、Docker常用命令&操作

1)、镜像操作

操作 命令 说明
检索 docker search 关键字 eg:docker search redis 我们经常去docker hub上检索镜像的详细信息,如镜像的TAG。
拉取 docker pull 镜像名:tag :tag是可选的,tag表示标签,多为软件的版本,默认是latest
列表 docker images 查看所有本地镜像
删除 docker rmi image-id 删除指定的本地镜像

https://hub.docker.com/

2)、容器操作

软件镜像(QQ安装程序)----运行镜像----产生一个容器(正在运行的软件,运行的QQ);

步骤:

1、搜索镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker search tomcat
2、拉取镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull tomcat
3、根据镜像启动容器
docker run --name mytomcat -d tomcat:latest
4、docker ps  
查看运行中的容器
5、 停止运行中的容器
docker stop  容器的id
6、查看所有的容器
docker ps -a
7、启动容器
docker start 容器id
8、删除一个容器
 docker rm 容器id
9、启动一个做了端口映射的tomcat
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d -p 8888:8080 tomcat
-d:后台运行
-p: 将主机的端口映射到容器的一个端口    主机端口:容器内部的端口

10、为了演示简单关闭了linux的防火墙
service firewalld status ;查看防火墙状态
service firewalld stop:关闭防火墙
11、查看容器的日志
docker logs container-name/container-id

更多命令参看
https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/docker/
可以参考每一个镜像的文档


3)、安装MySQL示例

docker pull mysql

错误的启动

[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name mysql01 -d mysql
42f09819908bb72dd99ae19e792e0a5d03c48638421fa64cce5f8ba0f40f5846

mysql退出了
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                           PORTS               NAMES
42f09819908b        mysql               "docker-entrypoint.sh"   34 seconds ago      Exited (1) 33 seconds ago                            mysql01
538bde63e500        tomcat              "catalina.sh run"        About an hour ago   Exited (143) About an hour ago                       compassionate_
goldstine
c4f1ac60b3fc        tomcat              "catalina.sh run"        About an hour ago   Exited (143) About an hour ago                       lonely_fermi
81ec743a5271        tomcat              "catalina.sh run"        About an hour ago   Exited (143) About an hour ago                       sick_ramanujan


//错误日志
[root@localhost ~]# docker logs 42f09819908b
error: database is uninitialized and password option is not specified 
  You need to specify one of MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD, MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD and MYSQL_RANDOM_ROOT_PASSWORD;这个三个参数必须指定一个

正确的启动

[root@localhost ~]# docker run --name mysql01 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql
b874c56bec49fb43024b3805ab51e9097da779f2f572c22c695305dedd684c5f
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
b874c56bec49        mysql               "docker-entrypoint.sh"   4 seconds ago       Up 3 seconds        3306/tcp            mysql01

做了端口映射

[root@localhost ~]# docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql02 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql
ad10e4bc5c6a0f61cbad43898de71d366117d120e39db651844c0e73863b9434
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                    NAMES
ad10e4bc5c6a        mysql               "docker-entrypoint.sh"   4 seconds ago       Up 2 seconds        0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp   mysql02

几个其他的高级操作

docker run --name mysql03 -v /conf/mysql:/etc/mysql/conf.d -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:tag
把主机的/conf/mysql文件夹挂载到 mysqldocker容器的/etc/mysql/conf.d文件夹里面
改mysql的配置文件就只需要把mysql配置文件放在自定义的文件夹下(/conf/mysql)

docker run --name some-mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:tag --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
指定mysql的一些配置参数

六、SpringBoot与数据访问

1、JDBC

<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbcartifactId>
		dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>mysqlgroupId>
			<artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
			<scope>runtimescope>
		dependency>

spring:
  datasource:
    username: root
    password: 123456
    url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.15.22:3306/jdbc
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

效果:

​ 默认是用org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource作为数据源;

​ 数据源的相关配置都在DataSourceProperties里面;

自动配置原理:

org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc:

1、参考DataSourceConfiguration,根据配置创建数据源,默认使用Tomcat连接池;可以使用spring.datasource.type指定自定义的数据源类型;

2、SpringBoot默认可以支持;

org.apache.tomcat.jdbc.pool.DataSource、HikariDataSource、BasicDataSource、

3、自定义数据源类型

/**
 * Generic DataSource configuration.
 */
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(DataSource.class)
@ConditionalOnProperty(name = "spring.datasource.type")
static class Generic {
     

   @Bean
   public DataSource dataSource(DataSourceProperties properties) {
     
       //使用DataSourceBuilder创建数据源,利用反射创建响应type的数据源,并且绑定相关属性
      return properties.initializeDataSourceBuilder().build();
   }

}

4、DataSourceInitializer:ApplicationListener

​ 作用:

​ 1)、runSchemaScripts();运行建表语句;

​ 2)、runDataScripts();运行插入数据的sql语句;

默认只需要将文件命名为:

schema-*.sql、data-*.sql
默认规则:schema.sql,schema-all.sql;
可以使用   
	schema:
      - classpath:department.sql
      指定位置

5、操作数据库:自动配置了JdbcTemplate操作数据库

2、整合Druid数据源

(1)maven文件

  
<dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
            <version>1.1.0version>
   dependency>


(2)主配置文件

spring:
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
    username: root
    password: root@123456
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

(3)druid配置文件

导入druid数据源
@Configuration
public class DruidConfig {
     

    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
    @Bean
    public DataSource druid(){
     
       return  new DruidDataSource();
    }

    //配置Druid的监控
    //1、配置一个管理后台的Servlet
    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean statViewServlet(){
     
        ServletRegistrationBean bean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new StatViewServlet(), "/druid/*");
        Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>();

        initParams.put("loginUsername","admin");
        initParams.put("loginPassword","123456");
        initParams.put("allow","");//默认就是允许所有访问
        initParams.put("deny","192.168.15.21");

        bean.setInitParameters(initParams);
        return bean;
    }


    //2、配置一个web监控的filter
    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean webStatFilter(){
     
        FilterRegistrationBean bean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
        bean.setFilter(new WebStatFilter());

        Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>();
        initParams.put("exclusions","*.js,*.css,/druid/*");

        bean.setInitParameters(initParams);

        bean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/*"));

        return  bean;
    }
}


3、整合MyBatis

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.bootgroupId>
			<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
			<version>1.3.1version>
		dependency>

springboot基础学习_第26张图片

步骤:

1)、配置数据源相关属性(见上一节Druid)

2)、给数据库建表

3)、创建JavaBean

4)、注解版

//指定这是一个操作数据库的mapper
@Mapper
public interface DepartmentMapper {
     

    @Select("select * from department where id=#{id}")
    public Department getDeptById(Integer id);

    @Delete("delete from department where id=#{id}")
    public int deleteDeptById(Integer id);

    @Options(useGeneratedKeys = true,keyProperty = "id")
    @Insert("insert into department(departmentName) values(#{departmentName})")
    public int insertDept(Department department);

    @Update("update department set departmentName=#{departmentName} where id=#{id}")
    public int updateDept(Department department);
}

问题:

自定义MyBatis的配置规则;给容器中添加一个ConfigurationCustomizer;

@org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration
public class MyBatisConfig {
     

    @Bean
    public ConfigurationCustomizer configurationCustomizer(){
     
        return new ConfigurationCustomizer(){
     

            @Override
            public void customize(Configuration configuration) {
     
                configuration.setMapUnderscoreToCamelCase(true);
            }
        };
    }
}

使用MapperScan批量扫描所有的Mapper接口;
@MapperScan(value = "com.atguigu.springboot.mapper")
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringBoot06DataMybatisApplication {
     

	public static void main(String[] args) {
     
		SpringApplication.run(SpringBoot06DataMybatisApplication.class, args);
	}
}

5)、配置文件版

mybatis:
  config-location: classpath:mybatis/mybatis-config.xml 指定全局配置文件的位置
  mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml  指定sql映射文件的位置

更多使用参照

http://www.mybatis.org/spring-boot-starter/mybatis-spring-boot-autoconfigure/

4、通用mapper

可通过maven生成bean、dao和mapper.xml

(1)maven文件


<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
        <version>2.3.0.RELEASEversion>
        <relativePath/> 
    parent>
    <groupId>com.lixpgroupId>
    <artifactId>mapperdemoartifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
    <name>mapperdemoname>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Bootdescription>

    <properties>

        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8java.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.46mysql.version>
        <mapper.version>4.0.4mapper.version>

    properties>

    <dependencies>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>tk.mybatisgroupId>
            <artifactId>mapper-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
            <version>2.1.5version>
        dependency>

        

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
            <version>1.1.0version>
        dependency>


        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
            <version>2.1.2version>
        dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
            <version>${mysql.version}version>
            <scope>runtimescope>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
            <scope>testscope>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.junit.vintagegroupId>
                    <artifactId>junit-vintage-engineartifactId>
                exclusion>
            exclusions>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junitgroupId>
            <artifactId>junitartifactId>
            <version>4.0version>
            <scope>testscope>
        dependency>
    dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>



            plugin>

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.mybatis.generatorgroupId>
                <artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-pluginartifactId>
                <version>1.3.5version>
                <configuration>
                    <configurationFile>src/main/resources/generatorConfig.xmlconfigurationFile>
                    
                    <verbose>trueverbose>
                    <overwrite>trueoverwrite>
                configuration>
                <dependencies>
                    
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
                        <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
                        <version>5.1.46version>
                    dependency>
                    
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>tk.mybatisgroupId>
                        <artifactId>mapperartifactId>
                        <version>4.1.5version>
                    dependency>

                dependencies>
            plugin>

        plugins>
    build>

project>

(2)逆向工程配置文件—generatorConfig.xml




<generatorConfiguration>
    

    <properties resource="generator.properties" />

    
    <context id="MysqlContext" targetRuntime="MyBatis3Simple" >

        <property name="beginningDelimiter" value="`"/>
        <property name="endingDelimiter" value="`"/>

        
        <plugin type="tk.mybatis.mapper.generator.MapperPlugin">
            <property name="mappers" value="${generator.mappers}"/>
        plugin>

        
        <commentGenerator>
            <property name="suppressDate" value="true"/>
            
            <property name="suppressAllComments" value="true"/>
        commentGenerator>


        
        <jdbcConnection driverClass="${spring.datasource.driver-class-name}"
                        connectionURL="${spring.datasource.url}"
                        userId="${spring.datasource.username}"
                        password="${spring.datasource.password}">
        jdbcConnection>

        <javaTypeResolver>
            
            <property name="forceBigDecimals" value="false"/>
        javaTypeResolver>

        
        
        <javaModelGenerator targetPackage="${generator.javaModel-targetPackage}" targetProject="${generator.targetProject}">
            <property name="enableSubPackages" value="true"/>
            <property name="trimStrings" value="true"/>
        javaModelGenerator>

        
        <sqlMapGenerator targetPackage="${generator.sqlMap-targetPackage}" targetProject="src/main/resources"/>

        
        <javaClientGenerator targetPackage="${generator.javaClient-targetPackage}" targetProject="${generator.targetProject}"
                             type="XMLMAPPER"/>

        <table tableName="student" domainObjectName="Student">
            
            <generatedKey column="id" sqlStatement="Mysql" identity="true" />
        table>

        <table tableName="student_class" domainObjectName="StudentClass">
            
            <generatedKey column="cid" sqlStatement="Mysql" identity="true" />
        table>

    context>
generatorConfiguration>


(3)逆向工程所需属性----generator.properties

generator.targetProject=src/main/java
generator.mappers = com.lixp.mapperdemo.utils.MyMapper
generator.javaModel-targetPackage=com.lixp.mapperdemo.bean
generator.sqlMap-targetPackage=mapper
generator.javaClient-targetPackage=com.lixp.mapperdemo.dao

spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root@123456

(4)配置文件-----application.yml

spring:
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
    username: root
    password: root@123456
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml  #注意:一定要对应mapper映射xml文件的所在路径
  type-aliases-package: com.lixp.mapperdemo.bean  # 注意:对应实体类的路径
mapper:
  mappers: com.lixp.mapperdemo.utils.MyMapper
  identity: MYSQL



(5)数据源配置----DruidConfig

package com.lixp.mapperdemo.config;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet;
import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class DruidConfig {
     
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
    @Bean
    public DataSource druid(){
     
        return  new DruidDataSource();
    }

    //配置Druid的监控
    //1、配置一个管理后台的Servlet
    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean statViewServlet(){
     
        ServletRegistrationBean bean = new ServletRegistrationBean(new StatViewServlet(), "/druid/*");
        Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>();

        initParams.put("loginUsername","root");
        initParams.put("loginPassword","root@123456");
        initParams.put("allow","");//默认就是允许所有访问
        initParams.put("deny","127.0.0.1");

        bean.setInitParameters(initParams);
        return bean;
    }


    //2、配置一个web监控的filter
    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean webStatFilter(){
     
        FilterRegistrationBean bean = new FilterRegistrationBean();
        bean.setFilter(new WebStatFilter());

        Map<String,String> initParams = new HashMap<>();
        initParams.put("exclusions","*.js,*.css,/druid/*");

        bean.setInitParameters(initParams);

        bean.setUrlPatterns(Arrays.asList("/*"));

        return  bean;
    }
}


5、整合SpringData JPA

1)、SpringData简介

springboot基础学习_第27张图片

2)、整合SpringData JPA

JPA:ORM(Object Relational Mapping);

1)、编写一个实体类(bean)和数据表进行映射,并且配置好映射关系;

//使用JPA注解配置映射关系
@Entity //告诉JPA这是一个实体类(和数据表映射的类)
@Table(name = "tbl_user") //@Table来指定和哪个数据表对应;如果省略默认表名就是user;
public class User {
     

    @Id //这是一个主键
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)//自增主键
    private Integer id;

    @Column(name = "last_name",length = 50) //这是和数据表对应的一个列
    private String lastName;
    @Column //省略默认列名就是属性名
    private String email;

2)、编写一个Dao接口来操作实体类对应的数据表(Repository)

//继承JpaRepository来完成对数据库的操作
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User,Integer> {
     
}


3)、基本的配置JpaProperties

spring:  
 jpa:
    hibernate:
#     更新或者创建数据表结构
      ddl-auto: update
#    控制台显示SQL
    show-sql: true

七、启动配置原理

几个重要的事件回调机制

配置在META-INF/spring.factories

ApplicationContextInitializer

SpringApplicationRunListener

只需要放在ioc容器中

ApplicationRunner

CommandLineRunner

启动流程:

1、创建SpringApplication对象

initialize(sources);
private void initialize(Object[] sources) {
     
    //保存主配置类
    if (sources != null && sources.length > 0) {
     
        this.sources.addAll(Arrays.asList(sources));
    }
    //判断当前是否一个web应用
    this.webEnvironment = deduceWebEnvironment();
    //从类路径下找到META-INF/spring.factories配置的所有ApplicationContextInitializer;然后保存起来
    setInitializers((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(
        ApplicationContextInitializer.class));
    //从类路径下找到ETA-INF/spring.factories配置的所有ApplicationListener
    setListeners((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationListener.class));
    //从多个配置类中找到有main方法的主配置类
    this.mainApplicationClass = deduceMainApplicationClass();
}

springboot基础学习_第28张图片springboot基础学习_第29张图片

2、运行run方法

public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {
     
   StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();
   stopWatch.start();
   ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;
   FailureAnalyzers analyzers = null;
   configureHeadlessProperty();
    
   //获取SpringApplicationRunListeners;从类路径下META-INF/spring.factories
   SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);
    //回调所有的获取SpringApplicationRunListener.starting()方法
   listeners.starting();
   try {
     
       //封装命令行参数
      ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(
            args);
      //准备环境
      ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners,
            applicationArguments);
       		//创建环境完成后回调SpringApplicationRunListener.environmentPrepared();表示环境准备完成
       
      Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);
       
       //创建ApplicationContext;决定创建web的ioc还是普通的ioc
      context = createApplicationContext();
       
      analyzers = new FailureAnalyzers(context);
       //准备上下文环境;将environment保存到ioc中;而且applyInitializers();
       //applyInitializers():回调之前保存的所有的ApplicationContextInitializer的initialize方法
       //回调所有的SpringApplicationRunListener的contextPrepared();
       //
      prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments,
            printedBanner);
       //prepareContext运行完成以后回调所有的SpringApplicationRunListener的contextLoaded();
       
       //s刷新容器;ioc容器初始化(如果是web应用还会创建嵌入式的Tomcat);Spring注解版
       //扫描,创建,加载所有组件的地方;(配置类,组件,自动配置)
      refreshContext(context);
       //从ioc容器中获取所有的ApplicationRunner和CommandLineRunner进行回调
       //ApplicationRunner先回调,CommandLineRunner再回调
      afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);
       //所有的SpringApplicationRunListener回调finished方法
      listeners.finished(context, null);
      stopWatch.stop();
      if (this.logStartupInfo) {
     
         new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass)
               .logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);
      }
       //整个SpringBoot应用启动完成以后返回启动的ioc容器;
      return context;
   }
   catch (Throwable ex) {
     
      handleRunFailure(context, listeners, analyzers, ex);
      throw new IllegalStateException(ex);
   }
}

3、事件监听机制

配置在META-INF/spring.factories

ApplicationContextInitializer

public class HelloApplicationContextInitializer implements ApplicationContextInitializer<ConfigurableApplicationContext> {
     
    @Override
    public void initialize(ConfigurableApplicationContext applicationContext) {
     
        System.out.println("ApplicationContextInitializer...initialize..."+applicationContext);
    }
}


SpringApplicationRunListener

public class HelloSpringApplicationRunListener implements SpringApplicationRunListener {
     

    //必须有的构造器
    public HelloSpringApplicationRunListener(SpringApplication application, String[] args){
     

    }

    @Override
    public void starting() {
     
        System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...starting...");
    }

    @Override
    public void environmentPrepared(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {
     
        Object o = environment.getSystemProperties().get("os.name");
        System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...environmentPrepared.."+o);
    }

    @Override
    public void contextPrepared(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
     
        System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...contextPrepared...");
    }

    @Override
    public void contextLoaded(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {
     
        System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...contextLoaded...");
    }

    @Override
    public void finished(ConfigurableApplicationContext context, Throwable exception) {
     
        System.out.println("SpringApplicationRunListener...finished...");
    }
}


配置(META-INF/spring.factories)

org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextInitializer=\
com.atguigu.springboot.listener.HelloApplicationContextInitializer

org.springframework.boot.SpringApplicationRunListener=\
com.atguigu.springboot.listener.HelloSpringApplicationRunListener

只需要放在ioc容器中

ApplicationRunner

@Component
public class HelloApplicationRunner implements ApplicationRunner {
     
    @Override
    public void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {
     
        System.out.println("ApplicationRunner...run....");
    }
}

CommandLineRunner

@Component
public class HelloCommandLineRunner implements CommandLineRunner {
     
    @Override
    public void run(String... args) throws Exception {
     
        System.out.println("CommandLineRunner...run..."+ Arrays.asList(args));
    }
}

八、自定义starter

starter:

​ 1、这个场景需要使用到的依赖是什么?

​ 2、如何编写自动配置

@Configuration  //指定这个类是一个配置类
@ConditionalOnXXX  //在指定条件成立的情况下自动配置类生效
@AutoConfigureAfter  //指定自动配置类的顺序
@Bean  //给容器中添加组件

@ConfigurationPropertie结合相关xxxProperties类来绑定相关的配置
@EnableConfigurationProperties //让xxxProperties生效加入到容器中

自动配置类要能加载
将需要启动就加载的自动配置类,配置在META-INF/spring.factories
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfiguration=\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.admin.SpringApplicationAdminJmxAutoConfiguration,\
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.aop.AopAutoConfiguration,\

​ 3、模式:

启动器只用来做依赖导入;

专门来写一个自动配置模块;

启动器依赖自动配置;别人只需要引入启动器(starter)

mybatis-spring-boot-starter;自定义启动器名-spring-boot-starter

步骤:

1)、启动器模块


<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.atguigu.startergroupId>
    <artifactId>atguigu-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOTversion>

    
    <dependencies>

        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.atguigu.startergroupId>
            <artifactId>atguigu-spring-boot-starter-autoconfigurerartifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
        dependency>
    dependencies>

project>

2)、自动配置模块


<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
   <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>

   <groupId>com.atguigu.startergroupId>
   <artifactId>atguigu-spring-boot-starter-autoconfigurerartifactId>
   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>
   <packaging>jarpackaging>

   <name>atguigu-spring-boot-starter-autoconfigurername>
   <description>Demo project for Spring Bootdescription>

   <parent>
      <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
      <version>1.5.10.RELEASEversion>
      <relativePath/> 
   parent>

   <properties>
      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
      <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8project.reporting.outputEncoding>
      <java.version>1.8java.version>
   properties>

   <dependencies>

      
      <dependency>
         <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
         <artifactId>spring-boot-starterartifactId>
      dependency>

   dependencies>



project>


package com.atguigu.starter;

import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "atguigu.hello")
public class HelloProperties {
     

    private String prefix;
    private String suffix;

    public String getPrefix() {
     
        return prefix;
    }

    public void setPrefix(String prefix) {
     
        this.prefix = prefix;
    }

    public String getSuffix() {
     
        return suffix;
    }

    public void setSuffix(String suffix) {
     
        this.suffix = suffix;
    }
}


package com.atguigu.starter;

public class HelloService {
     

    HelloProperties helloProperties;

    public HelloProperties getHelloProperties() {
     
        return helloProperties;
    }

    public void setHelloProperties(HelloProperties helloProperties) {
     
        this.helloProperties = helloProperties;
    }

    public String sayHellAtguigu(String name){
     
        return helloProperties.getPrefix()+"-" +name + helloProperties.getSuffix();
    }
}


package com.atguigu.starter;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnWebApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.EnableConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication //web应用才生效
@EnableConfigurationProperties(HelloProperties.class)
public class HelloServiceAutoConfiguration {
     

    @Autowired
    HelloProperties helloProperties;
    @Bean
    public HelloService helloService(){
     
        HelloService service = new HelloService();
        service.setHelloProperties(helloProperties);
        return service;
    }
}


九、更多SpringBoot整合示例

https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/tree/master/spring-boot-samples

1、springboot整合redis

(1)maven配置文件

        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cacheartifactId>
        dependency>
  		
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redisartifactId>
        dependency>

(2)springboot配置文件

# 配置redis数据库
spring.redis.host=192.168.75.128
spring.redis.port=6379

(3)启动文件

@MapperScan("com.atguigu.cache.mapper")  //mybatis扫描的包
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableCaching //允许开启缓存
public class Springboot01CacheApplication {
     

    public static void main(String[] args) {
     
        SpringApplication.run(Springboot01CacheApplication.class, args);
    }

}

(4)自定义缓存管理器

@Configuration
public class MyRedisConfig {
     

     //使用Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer来序列化和反序列化redis的value值
    @Bean
    public RedisSerializer<Object> jackson2JsonRedisSerializer() {
     
       
        Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer serializer = new Jackson2JsonRedisSerializer(Object.class);
        return serializer;
    }

     //StringRedisTemplate的构造方法中默认设置了stringSerializer
    @Bean
    public RedisTemplate<String, Object> redisTemplate(LettuceConnectionFactory lettuceConnectionFactory) {
     
        RedisTemplate<String, Object> template = new RedisTemplate<>();
        //set key serializer
        StringRedisSerializer stringRedisSerializer = new StringRedisSerializer();
        template.setKeySerializer(stringRedisSerializer);
        template.setHashKeySerializer(stringRedisSerializer);
        //set value serializer
        template.setDefaultSerializer(jackson2JsonRedisSerializer());
        template.setConnectionFactory(lettuceConnectionFactory);
        template.afterPropertiesSet();
        return template;
    }

    @Bean
    public StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate(LettuceConnectionFactory lettuceConnectionFactory) {
     
        StringRedisTemplate template = new StringRedisTemplate();
        template.setConnectionFactory(lettuceConnectionFactory);
        return template;
    }

	//自定义redis缓存管理器
    @Bean
    public CacheManager cacheManager(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
     
        //初始化一个RedisCacheWriter
        RedisCacheWriter redisCacheWriter = RedisCacheWriter.nonLockingRedisCacheWriter(redisConnectionFactory);
        //设置CacheManager的值序列化方式为json序列化
        RedisSerializer<Object> jsonSerializer = new GenericJackson2JsonRedisSerializer();
        RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair<Object> pair = RedisSerializationContext.SerializationPair
                .fromSerializer(jsonSerializer);
        RedisCacheConfiguration defaultCacheConfig=RedisCacheConfiguration.defaultCacheConfig()
                .serializeValuesWith(pair);
        //设置默认超过期时间是30秒
        //defaultCacheConfig.entryTtl(Duration.ofSeconds(30));
        //初始化RedisCacheManager
        return new RedisCacheManager(redisCacheWriter, defaultCacheConfig);
    }
    
    //自定义生成的key,默认为传过来的参数
    @Bean("myKeyGenerator")
    public KeyGenerator keyGenerator(){
     
        return new KeyGenerator(){
     

            @Override
            public Object generate(Object target, Method method, Object... params) {
     
                return method.getName()+"["+ Arrays.asList(params).toString()+"]";
            }
        };
    }
}

(5)在service中添加缓存注解

  • @Cacheable

  • @CachePut

  • @CacheEvict

(6)示例

package com.atguigu.cache.service;

import com.atguigu.cache.bean.Employee;
import com.atguigu.cache.mapper.EmployeeMapper;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.*;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@CacheConfig(cacheNames="emp"/*,cacheManager = "employeeCacheManager"*/) //抽取缓存的公共配置
@Service
public class EmployeeService {
     

    @Autowired
    EmployeeMapper employeeMapper;

    /**
     * 将方法的运行结果进行缓存;以后再要相同的数据,直接从缓存中获取,不用调用方法;
     * CacheManager管理多个Cache组件的,对缓存的真正CRUD操作在Cache组件中,每一个缓存组件有自己唯一一个名字;
     *

     *
     * 原理:
     *   1、自动配置类;CacheAutoConfiguration
     *   2、缓存的配置类
     *   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.GenericCacheConfiguration
     *   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.JCacheCacheConfiguration
     *   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.EhCacheCacheConfiguration
     *   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.HazelcastCacheConfiguration
     *   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.InfinispanCacheConfiguration
     *   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CouchbaseCacheConfiguration
     *   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.RedisCacheConfiguration
     *   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CaffeineCacheConfiguration
     *   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.GuavaCacheConfiguration
     *   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.SimpleCacheConfiguration【默认】
     *   org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.NoOpCacheConfiguration
     *   3、哪个配置类默认生效:SimpleCacheConfiguration;
     *
     *   4、给容器中注册了一个CacheManager:ConcurrentMapCacheManager
     *   5、可以获取和创建ConcurrentMapCache类型的缓存组件;他的作用将数据保存在ConcurrentMap中;
     *
     *   运行流程:
     *   @Cacheable:
     *   1、方法运行之前,先去查询Cache(缓存组件),按照cacheNames指定的名字获取;
     *      (CacheManager先获取相应的缓存),第一次获取缓存如果没有Cache组件会自动创建。
     *   2、去Cache中查找缓存的内容,使用一个key,默认就是方法的参数;
     *      key是按照某种策略生成的;默认是使用keyGenerator生成的,默认使用SimpleKeyGenerator生成key;
     *          SimpleKeyGenerator生成key的默认策略;
     *                  如果没有参数;key=new SimpleKey();
     *                  如果有一个参数:key=参数的值
     *                  如果有多个参数:key=new SimpleKey(params);
     *   3、没有查到缓存就调用目标方法;
     *   4、将目标方法返回的结果,放进缓存中
     *
     *   @Cacheable标注的方法执行之前先来检查缓存中有没有这个数据,默认按照参数的值作为key去查询缓存,
     *   如果没有就运行方法并将结果放入缓存;以后再来调用就可以直接使用缓存中的数据;
     *
     *   核心:
     *      1)、使用CacheManager【ConcurrentMapCacheManager】按照名字得到Cache【ConcurrentMapCache】组件
     *      2)、key使用keyGenerator生成的,默认是SimpleKeyGenerator
     *
     *
     *   几个属性:
     *      cacheNames/value:指定缓存组件的名字;将方法的返回结果放在哪个缓存中,是数组的方式,可以指定多个缓存;
     *
     *      key:缓存数据使用的key;可以用它来指定。默认是使用方法参数的值  1-方法的返回值
     *              编写SpEL; #i d;参数id的值   #a0  #p0  #root.args[0]
     *              getEmp[2]
     *
     *      keyGenerator:key的生成器;可以自己指定key的生成器的组件id
     *              key/keyGenerator:二选一使用;
     *
     *
     *      cacheManager:指定缓存管理器;或者cacheResolver指定获取解析器
     *
     *      condition:指定符合条件的情况下才缓存;
     *              ,condition = "#id>0"
     *          condition = "#a0>1":第一个参数的值>1的时候才进行缓存
     *
     *      unless:否定缓存;当unless指定的条件为true,方法的返回值就不会被缓存;可以获取到结果进行判断
     *              unless = "#result == null"
     *              unless = "#a0==2":如果第一个参数的值是2,结果不缓存;
     *      sync:是否使用异步模式,在此情况下unless不执行
     * @param id
     * @return
     *
     */
    @Cacheable(value = {
     "emp"}/*,keyGenerator = "myKeyGenerator",condition = "#a0>1",unless = "#a0==2"*/)
   // @Cacheable(keyGenerator = "myKeyGenerator")
    public Employee getEmp(Integer id){
     
        System.out.println("查询"+id+"号员工");
        Employee emp = employeeMapper.getEmpById(id);
        return emp;
    }

    /**
     * @CachePut:既调用方法,又更新缓存数据;同步更新缓存
     * 修改了数据库的某个数据,同时更新缓存;
     * 运行时机:
     *  1、先调用目标方法
     *  2、将目标方法的结果缓存起来
     *
     * 测试步骤:
     *  1、查询1号员工;查到的结果会放在缓存中;
     *          key:1  value:lastName:张三
     *  2、以后查询还是之前的结果
     *  3、更新1号员工;【lastName:zhangsan;gender:0】
     *          将方法的返回值也放进缓存了;
     *          key:传入的employee对象  值:返回的employee对象;
     *  4、查询1号员工?
     *      应该是更新后的员工;
     *          key = "#employee.id":使用传入的参数的员工id;
     *          key = "#result.id":使用返回后的id
     *             @Cacheable的key是不能用#result
     *      为什么是没更新前的?【1号员工没有在缓存中更新】
     *
     */
    @CachePut(value = "emp", key = "#result.id")
    public Employee updateEmp(Employee employee){
     
        System.out.println("updateEmp:"+employee);
        employeeMapper.updateEmp(employee);
        return employee;
    }

    /**
     * @CacheEvict:缓存清除
     *  key:指定要清除的数据
     *  allEntries = true:指定清除这个缓存中所有的数据
     *  beforeInvocation = false:缓存的清除是否在方法之前执行
     *      默认代表缓存清除操作是在方法执行之后执行;如果出现异常缓存就不会清除
     *
     *  beforeInvocation = true:
     *      代表清除缓存操作是在方法运行之前执行,无论方法是否出现异常,缓存都清除
     *
     *
     */
    @CacheEvict(value="emp",beforeInvocation = true,key = "#id")
    public void deleteEmp(Integer id){
     
        System.out.println("deleteEmp:"+id);
        //employeeMapper.deleteEmpById(id);
        int i = 10/0;
    }

    // @Caching 定义复杂的缓存规则
    @Caching(
            cacheable = {
     
                    @Cacheable(/*value="emp",*/key = "#lastName")
            },
            put = {
     
                    @CachePut(/*value="emp",*/key = "#result.id"),
                    @CachePut(/*value="emp",*/key = "#result.email")
            }
    )
    public Employee getEmpByLastName(String lastName){
     
        return employeeMapper.getEmpByLastName(lastName);
    }

}


2、springboot整合rabbitmq

(1)maven配置文件

		 <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqpartifactId>
        dependency>

(2)springboot配置文件

spring.rabbitmq.host=192.168.75.128
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest

(3)启动文件

/**
 * 自动配置
 *  1、RabbitAutoConfiguration
 *  2、有自动配置了连接工厂ConnectionFactory;
 *  3、RabbitProperties 封装了 RabbitMQ的配置
 *  4、 RabbitTemplate :给RabbitMQ发送和接受消息;
 *  5、 AmqpAdmin : RabbitMQ系统管理功能组件;
 *  	AmqpAdmin:创建和删除 Queue,Exchange,Binding
 *  6、@EnableRabbit +  @RabbitListener 监听消息队列的内容
 *
 */
@EnableRabbit  //开启基于注解的RabbitMQ模式
@SpringBootApplication
public class Springboot02AmqpApplication {
     

    public static void main(String[] args) {
     
        SpringApplication.run(Springboot02AmqpApplication.class, args);
    }

}

(4)自定配置文件用于json转换

package com.atguigu.amqp.config;

import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class MyAMQPConfig {
     
    @Bean
    public MessageConverter messageConverter(){
     
        return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
    }
}


(5)示例

  • 发送与接收
 /**
     * 1、单播(点对点)
     */

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
     
        //Message需要自己构造一个;定义消息体内容和消息头
        //rabbitTemplate.send(exchage,routeKey,message);

        //object默认当成消息体,只需要传入要发送的对象,自动序列化发送给rabbitmq;
        //rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchage,routeKey,object);
        Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put("msg","这是第一个消息");
        map.put("data", Arrays.asList("helloworld",123,true));
        //对象被默认序列化以后发送出去
       // rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange.direct","atguigu.news",map);
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange.direct","atguigu.news",new Book("西游记","吴承恩"));

    }

    //接受数据,如何将数据自动的转为json发送出去
    @Test
    public void receive(){
     
        Object o = rabbitTemplate.receiveAndConvert("atguigu.news");
        System.out.println(o.getClass());
        System.out.println(o);
    }

    /**
     * 广播
     */
    @Test
    public void sendMsg(){
     
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("exchange.fanout","",new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹"));
    }


  • 监听
@Service
public class BookService {
     

    @RabbitListener(queues = "atguigu.news")
    public void receive(Book book){
     
        System.out.println("收到消息:"+book);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = "atguigu")
    public void receive02(Message message){
     
        System.out.println(message.getBody());
        System.out.println(message.getMessageProperties());
    }
}

3、springboot整合jest做ELASTICSEARCH检索

(1)maven配置文件

  
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.searchboxgroupId>
            <artifactId>jestartifactId>
            <version>5.3.3version>
        dependency>

(2)springboot配置文件

spring.elasticsearch.jest.uris=http://192.168.75.128:9200

(3)启动文件

/**
 * SpringBoot默认支持两种技术来和ES交互;
 * 1、Jest(默认不生效)
 * 	需要导入jest的工具包(io.searchbox.client.JestClient)
 * 2、SpringData ElasticSearch【ES版本有可能不合适】
 * 		版本适配说明:https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-data-elasticsearch
 *		如果版本不适配:2.4.6
 *			1)、升级SpringBoot版本
 *			2)、安装对应版本的ES
 *
 * 		1)、Client 节点信息clusterNodes;clusterName
 * 		2)、ElasticsearchTemplate 操作es
 *		3)、编写一个 ElasticsearchRepository 的子接口来操作ES;
 *	两种用法:https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-data-elasticsearch
 *	1)、编写一个 ElasticsearchRepository
 */
@SpringBootApplication
public class Springboot03ElasticApplication {
     

    public static void main(String[] args) {
     
        SpringApplication.run(Springboot03ElasticApplication.class, args);
    }

}

(4)示例

 @Test
    void contextLoads() {
     
        //1、给Es中索引(保存)一个文档;
        Article article = new Article();
        article.setId(2);
        article.setTitle("好消息11");
        article.setAuthor("zhangsan11");
        article.setContent("Hello World111");

        //构建一个索引功能
        Index index = new Index.Builder(article).index("atguigu").type("news").build();

        try {
     
            //执行
            jestClient.execute(index);
        } catch (IOException e) {
     
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void search(){
     

        //查询表达式
        String json ="{\n" +
                "    \"query\" : {\n" +
                "        \"match\" : {\n" +
                "            \"content\" : \"hello\"\n" +
                "        }\n" +
                "    }\n" +
                "}";

        //更多操作:https://github.com/searchbox-io/Jest/tree/master/jest
        //构建搜索功能
        Search search = new Search.Builder(json).addIndex("atguigu").addType("news").build();

        //执行
        try {
     
            SearchResult result = jestClient.execute(search);
            System.out.println(result.getJsonString());
        } catch (IOException e) {
     
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

  • bean文件可加相应的注释

    public class Article {
           
        @JestId
        private Integer id;
        private String author;
        private String title;
        private String content;
    
        public Integer getId() {
           
            return id;
        }
    
        public void setId(Integer id) {
           
            this.id = id;
        }
    
        public String getAuthor() {
           
            return author;
        }
    
        public void setAuthor(String author) {
           
            this.author = author;
        }
    
        public String getTitle() {
           
            return title;
        }
    
        public void setTitle(String title) {
           
            this.title = title;
        }
    
        public String getContent() {
           
            return content;
        }
    
        public void setContent(String content) {
           
            this.content = content;
        }
    }
    
    

4、springboot整合邮件

(1)maven配置

 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mailartifactId>
        dependency>

(2)springboot配置文件

[email protected]
# 填写qq账户的授权码
spring.mail.password=fbnhjvtaylalbgdg
spring.mail.host=smtp.qq.com
spring.mail.properties.mail.smtp.ssl.enable=true

(3)示例

  @SpringBootTest
class Springboot04TaskApplicationTests {
     

    @Autowired
    JavaMailSenderImpl mailSender;

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
     
        SimpleMailMessage message = new SimpleMailMessage();
        //邮件设置
        message.setSubject("用java发的邮件哈哈");
        message.setText("可以邮件轰炸了哈哈");

        message.setTo("[email protected]");
        message.setFrom("[email protected]");

        mailSender.send(message);
    }

    @Test
    public void test02() throws  Exception{
     
        //1、创建一个复杂的消息邮件
        MimeMessage mimeMessage = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper helper = new MimeMessageHelper(mimeMessage, true);

        //邮件设置
        helper.setSubject("通知-今晚开会");
        helper.setText("今天 7:30 开会",true);

      //  helper.setTo("[email protected]");
       // helper.setFrom("[email protected]");

        //上传文件
//        helper.addAttachment("1.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\lfy\\Pictures\\Saved Pictures\\1.jpg"));
//        helper.addAttachment("2.jpg",new File("C:\\Users\\lfy\\Pictures\\Saved Pictures\\2.jpg"));

        mailSender.send(mimeMessage);

    }
}

5、springboot异步、定时任务

(1)启动文件

@EnableAsync  //开启异步注解功能
@EnableScheduling //开启基于注解的定时任务
@SpringBootApplication
public class Springboot04TaskApplication {
     
    public static void main(String[] args) {
     
        SpringApplication.run(Springboot04TaskApplication.class, args);
    }
}

(2)异步处理

@Controller
public class AsyncController {
     
    @Autowired
    AsyncService asyncService;

    @GetMapping("/hello")
    public String hello(){
     
        asyncService.hello();
        return "success";
    }
}


@Service
public class AsyncService {
     
    //告诉Spring这是一个异步方法
    @Async
    public void hello(){
     
        try {
     
            Thread.sleep(3000);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
     
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        System.out.println("处理数据中...");
    }
}


(3)定时任务

@Service
public class ScheduledService {
     
    /**
     * second(秒), minute(分), hour(时), day of month(日), month(月), day of week(周几).
     * 0 * * * * MON-FRI
     *  【0 0/5 14,18 * * ?】 每天14点整,和18点整,每隔5分钟执行一次
     *  【0 15 10 ? * 1-6】 每个月的周一至周六10:15分执行一次
     *  【0 0 2 ? * 6L】每个月的最后一个周六凌晨2点执行一次
     *  【0 0 2 LW * ?】每个月的最后一个工作日凌晨2点执行一次
     *  【0 0 2-4 ? * 1#1】每个月的第一个周一凌晨2点到4点期间,每个整点都执行一次;
     */
    // @Scheduled(cron = "0 * * * * MON-SAT")
    //@Scheduled(cron = "0,1,2,3,4 * * * * MON-SAT")
    // @Scheduled(cron = "0-4 * * * * MON-SAT")
    @Scheduled(cron = "0/4 * * * * MON-SAT")  //每4秒执行一次
    public void hello(){
     
        System.out.println("hello ... ");
    }
}

6、springboot整合shiro

(1)maven配置

 		
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shirogroupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-springartifactId>
            <version>1.4.0version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.shirogroupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-ehcacheartifactId>
            <version>1.4.0version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clientsgroupId>
            <artifactId>jedisartifactId>
            <version>2.9.0version>
        dependency>

        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.crazycakegroupId>
            <artifactId>shiro-redisartifactId>
            <version>2.4.2.1-RELEASEversion>
        dependency>

(2)相关配置文件

认证授权配置(shiro/MyShiroRealm)

package com.example.josntest.shiro;

import com.example.josntest.bean.Admin;
import com.example.josntest.service.AdminService;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;

public class MyShiroRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {

    @Autowired
    AdminService adminService;


    /**
     *
     * @param principalCollection:PrincipalCollection是一个身份集合,因为我们可以在Shiro中同时配置多个Realm
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
        //1. 从 PrincipalCollection 中来获取登录用户的信息
        Admin principal = (Admin) principalCollection.getPrimaryPrincipal();
        //2. 利用登录的用户的信息来用户当前用户的角色或权限(可能需要查询数据库)
        Set roles = new HashSet<>();
        roles.add(principal.getRole());
        //3. 创建 SimpleAuthorizationInfo, 并设置其 roles 属性.
        SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo(roles);
        //4. 返回 SimpleAuthorizationInfo 对象.
        return info;

    }

    /**
     * 重写认证方法
     * @param authenticationToken:用于收集(来自控制器端的)用户提交的身份(如用户名)及凭据(如密码)。
     * @return
     * @throws AuthenticationException:该异常会直接通过控制器返回
     */
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
        Admin userInfo = null;
        //获取用户的输入的账号.
        String username = (String) authenticationToken.getPrincipal();
        //通过username从数据库中查找 User对象,如果找到,没找到.由于mybati逆向工程自动提供给我们的方法是返回一个list,所以要从这个list中取数据
        List list = adminService.getAdminByName(username);
        if(list.size()==0){
            return null;
        }else {
            userInfo = list.get(0);
        }
        if (userInfo == null) {
            return null;
        }
        /**
         *  userInfo:用户名(来自用户输入)
         *  userInfo.getPassword(): 密码(来自数据库)
         *  ByteSource.Util.bytes(userInfo.getCredentialsSalt()): salt=username+salt
         *  getName() :realm name
         */
        SimpleAuthenticationInfo authenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(
                userInfo,
                userInfo.getPassword(),
             // ByteSource.Util.bytes(userInfo.getCredentialsSalt()),
                getName()
        );
        return authenticationInfo;
    }
}

sission管理器配置(shiro/MySessionManager)

  • 因为采用的前后端分离的方式,而shiro的认证一般基于session来进行,所以,在第一认证的时候,需要先由后端将seeionId获取,并发送给前端,前端进行保存,并且在会话没有结束之前,每次的通信都要将该sessionId放到请求头中,这样才能保证可以顺利的验证
package com.example.josntest.shiro;

import org.apache.shiro.web.servlet.ShiroHttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.shiro.web.session.mgt.DefaultWebSessionManager;
import org.apache.shiro.web.util.WebUtils;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;

import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import java.io.Serializable;

import static java.lang.System.out;

public class MySessionManager extends DefaultWebSessionManager {
     
    private static final String AUTHORIZATION = "Authorization";

    private static final String REFERENCED_SESSION_ID_SOURCE = "Stateless request";

    public MySessionManager() {
     
        super();
    }

    @Override
    protected Serializable getSessionId(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) {
     
        String id = WebUtils.toHttp(request).getHeader(AUTHORIZATION);
        //如果请求头中有 Authorization 则其值为sessionId
        if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(id)) {
     
            out.println("11111");
            request.setAttribute(ShiroHttpServletRequest.REFERENCED_SESSION_ID_SOURCE, REFERENCED_SESSION_ID_SOURCE);
            request.setAttribute(ShiroHttpServletRequest.REFERENCED_SESSION_ID, id);
            request.setAttribute(ShiroHttpServletRequest.REFERENCED_SESSION_ID_IS_VALID, Boolean.TRUE);
            return id;
        } else {
     
            //否则按默认规则从cookie取sessionId
            return super.getSessionId(request, response);
        }
    }
}

核心配置(config/ShiroConfig)

package com.example.josntest.config;

import com.example.josntest.shiro.MySessionManager;
import com.example.josntest.shiro.MyShiroRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.session.mgt.SessionManager;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.crazycake.shiro.RedisCacheManager;
import org.crazycake.shiro.RedisManager;
import org.crazycake.shiro.RedisSessionDAO;
import org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.condition.ConditionalOnMissingBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
     

    /**
     * 过滤器配置,这里主要配置什么地方需要用shiro来认证,什么地方不需要
     * @param securityManager
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shirFilter(SecurityManager securityManager) {
     
        System.out.println("ShiroConfiguration.shirFilter()");
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);

        Map<String, String> filterChainDefinitionMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
        //注意过滤器配置顺序 不能颠倒
        //配置退出 过滤器,其中的具体的退出代码Shiro已经替我们实现了,登出后跳转配置的loginUrl
        filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/logout", "logout");
        // 配置不会被拦截的链接 顺序判断
        filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/static/**", "anon");

        filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/login", "anon");
        filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/**", "authc");
        //配置shiro默认登录界面地址,前后端分离中登录界面跳转应由前端路由控制,后台仅返回json数据
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/unauth");

        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterChainDefinitionMap);
        return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
    }

    /**
     * SecurityManager,是shiro的总管家,缓存管理、seeion管理,登录认证管理需要在该处注册
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public SecurityManager securityManager() {
     
        DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        securityManager.setRealm(myShiroRealm());
        securityManager.setSessionManager(shiroSessionManager());
        securityManager.setCacheManager(shiroCacheManager());
        return securityManager;

    }

    //注册自定的realm,使用的是签名配置的MyShiroRealm
    @Bean
    public MyShiroRealm myShiroRealm() {
     
        MyShiroRealm myShiroRealm = new MyShiroRealm();
        // myShiroRealm.setCredentialsMatcher(hashedCredentialsMatcher());
        return myShiroRealm;
    }

    /**
     * cacheManager 缓存 redis实现
     * 使用的是shiro-redis开源插件
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public RedisCacheManager shiroCacheManager() {
     
        RedisCacheManager redisCacheManager = new RedisCacheManager();
        redisCacheManager.setRedisManager(redisManager());
        return redisCacheManager;
    }

    /**
     * 配置shiro redisManager
     * 使用的是shiro-redis开源插件
     *
     * @return
     */

    public RedisManager redisManager() {
     
        RedisManager redisManager = new RedisManager();
        redisManager.setHost("192.168.75.128");
        redisManager.setPort(6379);
        redisManager.setExpire(1800);
        redisManager.setTimeout(0);
        return redisManager;
    }


    /**
     * 使用自定义的session管理工具
     * @return
     */
    private SessionManager shiroSessionManager() {
     
        MySessionManager sessionManager = new MySessionManager();
        sessionManager.setSessionIdUrlRewritingEnabled(false);
        sessionManager.setGlobalSessionTimeout(-1);
        sessionManager.setSessionDAO(redisSessionDAO());
        return sessionManager;
    }

    /**
     * RedisSessionDAO shiro sessionDao层的实现通过redis
     * 使用shiro-redis开源插件
     */
    @Bean
    public RedisSessionDAO redisSessionDAO() {
     
        RedisSessionDAO redisSessionDAO = new RedisSessionDAO();
        redisSessionDAO.setRedisManager(redisManager());
        return redisSessionDAO;
    }

    /**
     * 开启shiro aop注解支持.
     * 使用代理方式;所以需要开启代码支持;
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor() {
     
        AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor =new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();
        authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager());
        return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
    }
    @Bean
    @ConditionalOnMissingBean
    public DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator(){
     
        DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator app=new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator();
        app.setProxyTargetClass(true);
        return app;
    }

    @Bean
    public static LifecycleBeanPostProcessor getLifecycleBeanPostProcessor() {
     
        return new LifecycleBeanPostProcessor();
    }
}

(3)使用

package com.example.josntest.controller;


import com.example.josntest.bean.Admin;
import com.example.josntest.bean.Msg;
import com.example.josntest.dao.AdminMapper;
import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.IncorrectCredentialsException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.LockedAccountException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.UsernamePasswordToken;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;


@Controller
public class AdminController {
     

    @Autowired
    AdminMapper mapper;

    Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(com.example.josntest.controller.AdminController.class);
    @ResponseBody
    @PostMapping(value = "/login")
    public Msg login(@RequestBody Admin admin){
     
        Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
        UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(admin.getUsername(),admin.getPassword());
        token.setRememberMe(true);
        try {
     
            subject.login(token);
            String sid = (String) subject.getSession().getId();
            return Msg.success().add("sid",sid);
        }catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e) {
     
            return Msg.success().add("msg", "密码错误");
        } catch (LockedAccountException e) {
     
            return Msg.success().add("msg", "登录失败,该用户已被冻结");
        } catch (AuthenticationException e) {
     
            return Msg.success().add("msg", "该用户不存在");
        } catch (Exception e) {
     
            e.printStackTrace();
            return Msg.success().add("msg", "其他错误");
        }
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/unauth")
    @ResponseBody
    public Msg unauth(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {
     
        return Msg.fail().add("msg","重新登录");
    }
}


6-1、整合Shiro+JWT

  • 注意:传统的验证方式是通过session+cookie来的,而jwt是使用token进行的,所以在配置的过程中不需要使用sessionManager,而要配置自己的JWT过滤器,同时在认证的过程中,也是对token进行认证,和shiro自身提供的认证方式不同

(1)maven配置

 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.auth0groupId>
            <artifactId>java-jwtartifactId>
            <version>3.2.0version>
        dependency>

(2)相关配置文件

shiro配置(config/ShiroConfig)

package com.example.josntest.config;

import com.example.josntest.jwt.JWTFilter;
import com.example.josntest.shiro.MyShiroRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSessionStorageEvaluator;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSubjectDAO;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.SecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.LifecycleBeanPostProcessor;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.security.interceptor.AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
import org.apache.shiro.spring.web.ShiroFilterFactoryBean;
import org.apache.shiro.web.mgt.DefaultWebSecurityManager;
import org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {
     

    /**
     * 过滤器配置,这里主要配置什么地方需要用shiro来认证,什么地方不需要
     * @param securityManager
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public ShiroFilterFactoryBean shirFilter(SecurityManager securityManager) {
     
        System.out.println("ShiroConfiguration.shirFilter()");
        ShiroFilterFactoryBean shiroFilterFactoryBean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();

        Map<String, Filter> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        //设置我们自定义的JWT过滤器        
        filterMap.put("jwt", new JWTFilter());
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilters(filterMap);

        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setSecurityManager(securityManager);

        Map<String, String> filterChainDefinitionMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();

        //注意过滤器配置顺序 不能颠倒
        //配置退出 过滤器,其中的具体的退出代码Shiro已经替我们实现了,登出后跳转配置的loginUrl
        filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/logout", "logout");
        // 配置不会被拦截的链接 顺序判断
        filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/static/**", "anon");
        filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/login", "anon");
        //filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/**", "authc");
        //配置shiro默认登录界面地址,前后端分离中登录界面跳转应由前端路由控制,后台仅返回json数据
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setLoginUrl("/unauth");
        // 所有请求通过我们自己的JWT Filter
        filterChainDefinitionMap.put("/**", "jwt");
        shiroFilterFactoryBean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterChainDefinitionMap);
        return shiroFilterFactoryBean;
    }

    /**
     * SecurityManager,是shiro的总管家,缓存管理、seeion管理,登录认证管理需要在该处注册
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager() {
     
        DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();
        securityManager.setRealm(myShiroRealm());

        /*
         * 关闭shiro自带的session
         */
        DefaultSubjectDAO subjectDAO = new DefaultSubjectDAO();
        DefaultSessionStorageEvaluator defaultSessionStorageEvaluator = new DefaultSessionStorageEvaluator();
        defaultSessionStorageEvaluator.setSessionStorageEnabled(false);
        subjectDAO.setSessionStorageEvaluator(defaultSessionStorageEvaluator);
        securityManager.setSubjectDAO(subjectDAO);

        return securityManager;

    }

    //注册自定的realm,使用的是签名配置的MyShiroRealm
    @Bean
    public MyShiroRealm myShiroRealm() {
     
        MyShiroRealm myShiroRealm = new MyShiroRealm();
        return myShiroRealm;
    }



    /**
     * 开启shiro aop注解支持.
     * 使用代理方式;所以需要开启代码支持;
     * @return
     */
    @Bean
    public AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor() {
     
        AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor =new AuthorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor();
        authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor.setSecurityManager(securityManager());
        return authorizationAttributeSourceAdvisor;
    }
    /**
     * 添加注解支持
     */
    @Bean

    public DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator(){
     
        DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator = new DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator();
        // 强制使用cglib,防止重复代理和可能引起代理出错的问题
        defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator.setProxyTargetClass(true);
        return defaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator;
    }

    @Bean
    public static LifecycleBeanPostProcessor getLifecycleBeanPostProcessor() {
     
        return new LifecycleBeanPostProcessor();
    }
}

认证授权配置(shiro/MyShiroRealm)

import com.example.josntest.bean.Admin;
import com.example.josntest.jwt.JWTToken;
import com.example.josntest.jwt.JWTUtil;
import com.example.josntest.service.AdminService;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.SimpleAuthenticationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.AuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.SimpleAuthorizationInfo;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.AuthorizingRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.PrincipalCollection;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;


public class MyShiroRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {
     

    @Autowired
    AdminService adminService;

    /**
     * 必须重写此方法,不然会报错
     */
    @Override
    public boolean supports(AuthenticationToken token) {
     
        return token instanceof JWTToken;
    }


    /**
     *
     * @param principalCollection:PrincipalCollection是一个身份集合,因为我们可以在Shiro中同时配置多个Realm
     * @return
     */
    @Override
    protected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {
     
        System.out.println("————权限认证————");
        String username = JWTUtil.getUsername(principalCollection.toString());
        List<Admin> list = adminService.getAdminByName(username);
        SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();
        String role = list.get(0).getRole();


        Set<String> roles = new HashSet<>();
        roles.add(role);

        info.setRoles(roles);
        return info;

    }

    /**
     * 默认使用此方法进行用户名正确与否验证,错误抛出异常即可。
     * 重写认证方法
     * @param authenticationToken:用于收集(来自控制器端的)用户提交的身份(如用户名)及凭据(如密码)。
     * @return
     * @throws AuthenticationException:该异常会直接通过控制器返回
     */
    @Override
    protected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {
     
        System.out.println("————lixp————");
        Admin userInfo = null;
        //获取用户的输入的账号.
        String token = (String) authenticationToken.getCredentials();
        String username = JWTUtil.getUsername(token);

        if (username == null || !JWTUtil.verify(token, username)) {
     
            throw new AuthenticationException("token认证失败!");
        }
        //通过username从数据库中查找 User对象,如果找到,没找到.由于mybati逆向工程自动提供给我们的方法是返回一个list,所以要从这个list中取数据
        List<Admin> list = adminService.getAdminByName(username);
        if(list.size()==0){
     
            return null;
        }else {
     
            userInfo = list.get(0);
        }
        if (userInfo == null) {
     
            return null;
        }
        /**
         *  userInfo:用户名(来自用户输入)
         *  userInfo.getPassword(): 密码(来自数据库)
         *  ByteSource.Util.bytes(userInfo.getCredentialsSalt()): salt=username+salt
         *  getName() :realm name
         */
        SimpleAuthenticationInfo authenticationInfo = new SimpleAuthenticationInfo(
                token,
                token,
             // ByteSource.Util.bytes(userInfo.getCredentialsSalt()),
                getName()
        );
        return authenticationInfo;

    }


}

(3)JWT相关文件

过滤器(jwt/JWTFilter)

import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationException;
import org.apache.shiro.authz.UnauthorizedException;
import org.apache.shiro.web.filter.authc.BasicHttpAuthenticationFilter;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

import static java.lang.System.out;

/**
 * @description  自定义过滤器,对token进行处理
 */
public class JWTFilter extends BasicHttpAuthenticationFilter {
     
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    /**
     * 如果带有 token,则对 token 进行检查,否则直接通过
     */
    @Override
    protected boolean isAccessAllowed(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, Object mappedValue) throws UnauthorizedException {
     
        try {
     
            executeLogin(request, response);
            return true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
     
            throw new AuthenticationException("Token失效请重新登录");
        }
    }



    /**
     * 执行登陆操作
     */
    @Override
    protected boolean executeLogin(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws Exception {
     
        HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        String token = httpServletRequest.getHeader("token");
        out.println("executeLogin======"+token);
        JWTToken jwtToken = new JWTToken(token);
        // 提交给realm进行登入,如果错误它会抛出异常并被捕获
        getSubject(request, response).login(jwtToken);
        // 如果没有抛出异常则代表登入成功,返回true
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 对跨域提供支持
     */
    @Override
    protected boolean preHandle(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response) throws Exception {
     
        HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
        HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response;
        httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-control-Allow-Origin", httpServletRequest.getHeader("Origin"));
        httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Methods", "GET,POST,OPTIONS,PUT,DELETE");
        httpServletResponse.setHeader("Access-Control-Allow-Headers", httpServletRequest.getHeader("Access-Control-Request-Headers"));
        // 跨域时会首先发送一个option请求,这里我们给option请求直接返回正常状态
        if (httpServletRequest.getMethod().equals(RequestMethod.OPTIONS.name())) {
     
            httpServletResponse.setStatus(HttpStatus.OK.value());
            return false;
        }
        return super.preHandle(request, response);
    }

    /**
     * 将非法请求跳转到 /unauthorized/**
     */
    private void responseError(ServletResponse response, String message) {
     
        try {
     
            HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = (HttpServletResponse) response;
            //设置编码,否则中文字符在重定向时会变为空字符串
            message = URLEncoder.encode(message, "UTF-8");
            httpServletResponse.sendRedirect("/unauthorized/" + message);
        } catch (IOException e) {
     
            logger.error(e.getMessage());
        }
    }
}

配置token 实体bean进行扩展(jwt/JWTToken)

import org.apache.shiro.authc.AuthenticationToken;

public class JWTToken implements AuthenticationToken {
     
    private String token;

    public JWTToken(String token) {
     
        this.token = token;
    }

    @Override
    public Object getPrincipal() {
     
        return token;
    }

    @Override
    public Object getCredentials() {
     
        return token;
    }
}

配置token的工具类(jwt/JWTUtil)

import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Date;

public class JWTUtil {
     
    // 过期时间 24 小时
    private static final long EXPIRE_TIME = 60 * 24 * 60 * 1000;
    // 密钥
    private static final String SECRET = "lixp";

    /**
     * 生成 token
     */
    public static String createToken(String username) {
     
        try {
     
            Date date = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + EXPIRE_TIME);
            Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256(SECRET);
            // 附带username信息
            return JWT.create()
                    .withClaim("username", username)
                    //到期时间
                    .withExpiresAt(date)
                    //创建一个新的JWT,并使用给定的算法进行标记
                    .sign(algorithm);
        } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
     
            return null;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 校验 token 是否正确
     */
    public static boolean verify(String token, String username) {
     
        try {
     
            Algorithm algorithm = Algorithm.HMAC256(SECRET);
            //在token中附带了username信息
            JWTVerifier verifier = JWT.require(algorithm)
                    .withClaim("username", username)
                    .build();
            //验证 token
            verifier.verify(token);
            return true;
        } catch (Exception exception) {
     
            return false;
        }
    }

    /**
     * 获得token中的信息,无需secret解密也能获得
     */
    public static String getUsername(String token) {
     
        try {
     
            DecodedJWT jwt = JWT.decode(token);
            return jwt.getClaim("username").asString();
        } catch (JWTDecodeException e) {
     
            return null;
        }
    }
}

(4)使用

@ResponseBody
    @PostMapping(value = "/login")
    public Msg login(@RequestBody Admin admin){
     

        Admin userInfo = null;
        List<Admin> list = adminService.getAdminByName(admin.getUsername());
        if(list.size()==0){
     
            return Msg.fail().add("info","用户不存在");
        }else {
     
            userInfo = list.get(0);
            String realPassword = userInfo.getPassword();
            if(!realPassword.equals(admin.getPassword())){
     
                return Msg.fail().add("info","密码错误");
            }

        }
        return Msg.success().add("token", JWTUtil.createToken(admin.getUsername()));
    }

7、读写分离

(1)maven配置

 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-aopartifactId>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-supportartifactId>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
            <scope>runtimescope>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframeworkgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbcartifactId>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
            <version>1.1.10version>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4jgroupId>
            <artifactId>log4jartifactId>
            <version>1.2.17version>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
            <version>1.3.2version>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4jgroupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-apiartifactId>
        dependency>

(2)配置数据源:application.yml

spring:
  aop:
    proxy-target-class: true
    auto: true
  datasource:
#    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSourceC3P0Adapter
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
#    filters: stat
    druid:
      master:
        url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.75.128:3306/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
        username: root
        password: root@123456
      slave:
        url: jdbc:mysql://192.168.75.128:3336/test?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
        username: root
        password: root@123456
      # 配置初始化大小(默认0)、最小、最大(默认8)
      initial-size: 10
      min-idle: 10
      max-active: 20
      # 配置获取连接等待超时的时间
      max-wait: 60000
      # 是否缓存preparedStatement,也就是PSCache。PSCache对支持游标的数据库性能提升巨大。 默认为false
      pool-prepared-statements: true
      # 要启用PSCache,必须配置大于0,当大于0时,poolPreparedStatements自动触发修改为true。
      max-open-prepared-statements: 20
      # 配置间隔多久才进行一次检测,检测需要关闭的空闲连接,单位是毫秒
      time-between-eviction-runs-millis: 60000
      # 配置一个连接在池中最小和最大生存的时间,单位是毫秒
      min-evictable-idle-time-millis: 300000
      max-evictable-idle-time-millis: 900000
      # 用来检测连接是否有效的sql,要求是一个查询语句,常用select 'x'。
      # 如果validationQuery为null,testOnBorrow、testOnReturn、testWhileIdle都不会起作用。
      validation-query: SELECT 'X'
      # 申请连接时执行validationQuery检测连接是否有效 默认为true
      test-on-borrow: false
      # 归还连接时执行validationQuery检测连接是否有效 默认为false
      test-on-return: false
      # 申请连接的时候检测,如果空闲时间大于timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis,执行validationQuery检测连接是否有效。
      test-while-idle: true

# mybatis 的配置
mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml  #注意:一定要对应mapper映射xml文件的所在路径
  type-aliases-package: com.example.josntest.bean  # 注意:对应实体类的路径

(3)定义数据源枚举

/**
 * @author captain
 * @description 数据源枚举
 * @date 2019-12-23 14:55
 */
public enum DataSourceTypeEnum {
     
    MASTER("master"), SLAVE("slave");
    private String value;

    DataSourceTypeEnum(String value) {
     
        this.value = value;
    }

    public String getValue() {
     
        return value;
    }
}

(4)设置获取数据

/**
 * @author captain
 * @description 设置获取数据源
 * @date 2019-12-23 14:59
 */
public class DataSourceHolder {
     
    private static final ThreadLocal contextHolder = new ThreadLocal<>();

    /**
     * 设置数据源
     *
     * @param dbTypeEnum
     */
    public static void setDbType(DataSourceTypeEnum dbTypeEnum) {
     
        contextHolder.set(dbTypeEnum.getValue());
    }

    /**
     * 取得当前数据源
     *
     * @return
     */
    public static String getDbType() {
     
        return (String) contextHolder.get();
    }

    /**
     * 清除上下文数据
     */
    public static void clearDbType() {
     
        contextHolder.remove();
    }
}

(5)数据源切换(AOP)

import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

/**
 * @author captain
 * @description 数据源切换(切入点和切面)
 * @date 2019-12-23 15:04
 */
@Aspect
@Component
public class DataSourceAop {
     
    static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DataSourceAop.class);

    @Before("execution(* com.example.josntest.dao.*.insert*(..)) || execution(* com.example.josntest.dao.*.update*(..)) || execution(* com.example.josntest.dao.*.delete*(..))")
    public void setWriteDataSourceType() {
     

        DataSourceHolder.setDbType(DataSourceTypeEnum.MASTER);
        logger.info("change -------- write ------------");
    }

    @Before("execution(* com.example.josntest.dao.*.select*(..)) || execution(* com.example.josntest.dao.*.count*(..))")
    public void setReadDataSourceType() {
     
        DataSourceHolder.setDbType(DataSourceTypeEnum.SLAVE);
        logger.info("change -------- read ------------");
    }
}

(6)动态数据源决策

import org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.lookup.AbstractRoutingDataSource;

/**
 * @author captain
 * @description 动态数据源决策
 * @date 2019-12-23 16:58
 */
public class DynamicDataSource extends AbstractRoutingDataSource {
     
    @Override
    protected Object determineCurrentLookupKey() {
     
        return  DataSourceHolder.getDbType();
    }
}

(7)数据源配置

mport org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.jdbc.DataSourceBuilder;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * @author Administrator
 */
@Configuration
public class DruidDataSourceConfig {
     
    static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DruidDataSourceConfig.class);

    @Value("${spring.datasource.type}")
    private Class<? extends DataSource> dataSourceType;


    @Bean(name = "master")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.druid.master")
    public DataSource master() {
     
        logger.info("-------------------- master init ---------------------");
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().type(dataSourceType).build();
    }

    @Bean(name = "slave")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.druid.slave")
    public DataSource slave() {
     
        logger.info("-------------------- slave init ---------------------");
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().type(dataSourceType).build();
    }

    // slave 多个时,可进行负载(另行处理)

    @Bean
    @Primary
    public DynamicDataSource multipleDataSource(@Qualifier("master") DataSource master,
                                         @Qualifier("slave") DataSource slave) {
     

        Map<Object, Object> targetDataSources = new HashMap<>();
        targetDataSources.put(DataSourceTypeEnum.MASTER.getValue(), master);
        targetDataSources.put(DataSourceTypeEnum.SLAVE.getValue(), slave);
        DynamicDataSource dynamicDataSource = new DynamicDataSource();
        dynamicDataSource.setTargetDataSources(targetDataSources);
        dynamicDataSource.setDefaultTargetDataSource(slave);
        return dynamicDataSource;
    }

}

(8)配置事务管理

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.EnableTransactionManagement;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * @author captain
 * @description 事务控制
 * @date 2019-12-23 15:31
 */
@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
public class DataSourceTransactionManager extends DataSourceTransactionManagerAutoConfiguration {
     

    static Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DataSourceTransactionManager.class);

    @Resource(name = "master")
    private DataSource dataSource;

    /**
     * 自定义事务
     * MyBatis自动参与到spring事务管理中,无需额外配置,只要org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean引用的数据源与DataSourceTransactionManager引用的数据源一致即可,否则事务管理会不起作用。
     *
     * @return
     */
    @Bean(name = "txManager")
    public org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager transactionManagers() {
     
        logger.info("-------------------- transactionManager init ---------------------");
        return new org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager(dataSource);
    }
}


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