工作中用到的docke命令大全

一. 镜像管理

1. 拉取镜像

docker pull  image:version

如果不带version,那么为最新版的lastest。如果带version,在docker hub里找不到的话会报错。

2. 推送镜像

docker push 

如果不带version,那么为最新版的lastest。如果带version,在docker hub里找不到的话会报错。

3. 删除镜像

1) 删除无用None镜像

docker ps -a | grep "Exited" | awk '{print $1 }'|xargs docker stop
docker ps -a | grep "Exited" | awk '{print $1 }'|xargs docker rm
docker images|grep none|awk '{print $3 }'|xargs docker rmi

原理:
先停止引用了None镜像的容器，然后再移除掉该容器，最后移除掉无用None镜像。

2) 删除指定镜像

docker rmi IMAGE ID/REPOSITORY

如果指定的IMAGE ID 或者 REPOSITORY不存在的话，那么就会报错提示。

二、容器管理

1. 查看容器信息

docker ps

查看正在运行中的容器。

docker ps -a

查看所有的容器，包含没有在运行的容器。

2. 运行一个容器

docker run 

例如运行mysql:

docker run -itd --name my-mysql -d -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=password mysql:5.7

• -d 为后台运行
• -p 为端口映射
• -e 为指定Mysql的root用户密码。
  运行nginx:

docker run --name my-nginx -p 80:80 \
-v /data/nginx/conf/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
-v /data/nginx/log:/var/log/nginx \
-v /data/nginx/conf.d/default.conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf \
-d nginx

• -v为挂载配置文件。

注: 指定的端口不能重复，否则会出现占用的问题。

3. 启动/ 停止容器

docker stop NAMES/CONTAINER ID
docker start NAMES/CONTAINER ID

4. 移除容器

docker rm NAMES/CONTAINER ID

NAMES/CONTAINER ID 为容器的名称和容器ID

docker container prune

移除所有停止的容器

5. 打开一个虚拟的容器终端

docker run -it ubuntu bash

进入到ubuntu 容器里的终端，可以与ubuntu容器进行交互。

6. 进入到虚拟容器终端。

docker exec -it CONTAINERID/NAMES bash

进入到指定 CONTAINERID/NAMES 的容器里，使用exit指令退出终端, 推荐使用此方式进入到容器里。

三. docker 容器相关命令

1. 查看docker的资源占用

docker stats

此命令可以查看docker 应用中占用资源的信息，包含CPU、内存、占用带宽等。

2. 登录到docker hub

docker login

此命令用于登录到docker hub, 从Docker hub拉取镜像的时候需要作验证。

3. 查看docker应用容器的日志

docker logs CONTAINERID/NAMES

4. 查看docker应用容器的进程

docker top CONTAINERID/NAMES

4. 查看docker应用容器的状态

docker inspect CONTAINERID/NAMES

返回的是一个json数据结构，从结构中可以获取到容器的一些相关信息。

root@iZbp15tyvtnvvqvgouyvisZ:~/python/myapp/mysite# docker inspect mysite-v5
[
    {
     
        "Id": "913fcccaa6b550ca0fd1164a33478874e1be12e60f0e24499b8a14aaeadf3512",
        "Created": "2021-02-05T08:13:02.469630747Z",
        "Path": "python",
        "Args": [
            "./manage.py",
            "runserver",
            "0.0.0.0:8003"
        ],
        "State": {
     
            "Status": "running",
            "Running": true,
            "Paused": false,
            "Restarting": false,
            "OOMKilled": false,
            "Dead": false,
            "Pid": 4418,
            "ExitCode": 0,
            "Error": "",
            "StartedAt": "2021-02-05T08:13:02.912255422Z",
            "FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
        },
        "Image": "sha256:44c3a6078c4a3c6df80056a8beaced2836d856c85e910c0445659eb3bbbcd485",
        "ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/913fcccaa6b550ca0fd1164a33478874e1be12e60f0e24499b8a14aaeadf3512/resolv.conf",
        "HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/913fcccaa6b550ca0fd1164a33478874e1be12e60f0e24499b8a14aaeadf3512/hostname",
        "HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/913fcccaa6b550ca0fd1164a33478874e1be12e60f0e24499b8a14aaeadf3512/hosts",
        "LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/913fcccaa6b550ca0fd1164a33478874e1be12e60f0e24499b8a14aaeadf3512/913fcccaa6b550ca0fd1164a33478874e1be12e60f0e24499b8a14aaeadf3512-json.log",
        "Name": "/mysite-v5",
        "RestartCount": 0,
        "Driver": "overlay2",
        "Platform": "linux",
        "MountLabel": "",
        "ProcessLabel": "",
        "AppArmorProfile": "docker-default",
        "ExecIDs": null,
        "HostConfig": {
     
            "Binds": null,
            "ContainerIDFile": "",
            "LogConfig": {
     
                "Type": "json-file",
                "Config": {
     }
            },
            "NetworkMode": "default",
            "PortBindings": {
     
                "8003/tcp": [
                    {
     
                        "HostIp": "",
                        "HostPort": "8003"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "RestartPolicy": {
     
                "Name": "no",
                "MaximumRetryCount": 0
            },
            "AutoRemove": false,
            "VolumeDriver": "",
            "VolumesFrom": null,
            "CapAdd": null,
            "CapDrop": null,
            "CgroupnsMode": "host",
            "Dns": [],
            "DnsOptions": [],
            "DnsSearch": [],
            "ExtraHosts": null,
            "GroupAdd": null,
            "IpcMode": "private",
            "Cgroup": "",
            "Links": null,
            "OomScoreAdj": 0,
            "PidMode": "",
            "Privileged": false,
            "PublishAllPorts": false,
            "ReadonlyRootfs": false,
            "SecurityOpt": null,
            "UTSMode": "",
            "UsernsMode": "",
            "ShmSize": 67108864,
            "Runtime": "runc",
            "ConsoleSize": [
                0,
                0
            ],
            "Isolation": "",
            "CpuShares": 0,
            "Memory": 0,
            "NanoCpus": 0,
            "CgroupParent": "",
            "BlkioWeight": 0,
            "BlkioWeightDevice": [],
            "BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
            "BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
            "CpuPeriod": 0,
            "CpuQuota": 0,
            "CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
            "CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
            "CpusetCpus": "",
            "CpusetMems": "",
            "Devices": [],
            "DeviceCgroupRules": null,
            "DeviceRequests": null,
            "KernelMemory": 0,
            "KernelMemoryTCP": 0,
            "MemoryReservation": 0,
            "MemorySwap": 0,
            "MemorySwappiness": null,
            "OomKillDisable": false,
            "PidsLimit": null,
            "Ulimits": null,
            "CpuCount": 0,
            "CpuPercent": 0,
            "IOMaximumIOps": 0,
            "IOMaximumBandwidth": 0,
            "MaskedPaths": [
                "/proc/asound",
                "/proc/acpi",
                "/proc/kcore",
                "/proc/keys",
                "/proc/latency_stats",
                "/proc/timer_list",
                "/proc/timer_stats",
                "/proc/sched_debug",
                "/proc/scsi",
                "/sys/firmware"
            ],
            "ReadonlyPaths": [
                "/proc/bus",
                "/proc/fs",
                "/proc/irq",
                "/proc/sys",
                "/proc/sysrq-trigger"
            ]
        },
        "GraphDriver": {
     
            "Data": {
     
                "LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ca88c458b60846c12b248ecef66a5f13f5b08fdf3d4b5fc09461a05173df0ae6-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/995eb3951ec5cb846e660f9354c4513e67f4af6400bfeabca3f09df4372b7b37/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d47590117a40b38c1616a2f13000878dfc91549d5afdcb005df0c2a354a06f23/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/6e4096143bbcedf1ab2872770c8ec6cd4517e1547323d359827c7facb3d618af/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a4ad084edaf7a6f2c71f3af60aca90a2c68f6d1d63cf444c9b15e984b3ecda7c/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/dd4ba1f371b56514c26c64d2a52aa076ccb2604f059d3f84f4a088c514e27403/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f4c0d0dc9234fd561750edf1a54536ed5602606fe5f95712bc7aea3e48075409/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7953e1a911e565696060fcb4471107df253fe81482fa76ae7c561c1ad71b60a7/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/f8d41901cc2eaf6d337812b8900eacaabe2c5f66d2a2085a2dce6fb6eb6e9625/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7b65c1e78213eb80673137dc9259c18c2b421ac6017874dbecf852f040fd8664/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/891220bf9835b739b07ef6197389b47ac53f2ef08a8107a9875a4602ed9b04d5/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/96c631c50078fa61c3dd2976e4fc95beb848f61460c3c2270a07b972960c299d/diff",
                "MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ca88c458b60846c12b248ecef66a5f13f5b08fdf3d4b5fc09461a05173df0ae6/merged",
                "UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ca88c458b60846c12b248ecef66a5f13f5b08fdf3d4b5fc09461a05173df0ae6/diff",
                "WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ca88c458b60846c12b248ecef66a5f13f5b08fdf3d4b5fc09461a05173df0ae6/work"
            },
            "Name": "overlay2"
        },
        "Mounts": [],
        "Config": {
     
            "Hostname": "913fcccaa6b5",
            "Domainname": "",
            "User": "",
            "AttachStdin": false,
            "AttachStdout": false,
            "AttachStderr": false,
            "ExposedPorts": {
     
                "8003/tcp": {
     }
            },
            "Tty": false,
            "OpenStdin": false,
            "StdinOnce": false,
            "Env": [
                "PATH=/usr/local/bin: /usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
                "LANG=C.UTF-8",
                "GPG_KEY=0D96DF4D4110E5C43FBFB17F2D347EA6AA65421D",
                "PYTHON_VERSION=3.7.9",
                "PYTHON_PIP_VERSION=21.0.1",
                "PYTHON_GET_PIP_URL=https://github.com/pypa/get-pip/raw/4be3fe44ad9dedc028629ed1497052d65d281b8e/get-pip.py",
                "PYTHON_GET_PIP_SHA256=8006625804f55e1bd99ad4214fd07082fee27a1c35945648a58f9087a714e9d4"
            ],
            "Cmd": [
                "python",
                "./manage.py",
                "runserver",
                "0.0.0.0:8003"
            ],
            "Image": "mysite:v5",
            "Volumes": null,
            "WorkingDir": "/user/local/myapp/mysite",
            "Entrypoint": null,
            "OnBuild": null,
            "Labels": {
     }
        },
        "NetworkSettings": {
     
            "Bridge": "",
            "SandboxID": "75bead260e4c25ced7ebc23bab018dcd9d2b0d9dea92def050e9528c517eae07",
            "HairpinMode": false,
            "LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
            "LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "Ports": {
     
                "8003/tcp": [
                    {
     
                        "HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
                        "HostPort": "8003"
                    }
                ]
            },
            "SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/75bead260e4c",
            "SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
            "SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
            "EndpointID": "7cdcb22a6b770c30ce0ff39cb4ea4465622975938e1b9264d75e075094c27416",
            "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
            "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
            "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
            "IPAddress": "172.17.0.5",
            "IPPrefixLen": 16,
            "IPv6Gateway": "",
            "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:05",
            "Networks": {
     
                "bridge": {
     
                    "IPAMConfig": null,
                    "Links": null,
                    "Aliases": null,
                    "NetworkID": "44a01341c3c54f735e4866da1bc3177eec9825aae501ef31c5bfd898477eb3a5",
                    "EndpointID": "7cdcb22a6b770c30ce0ff39cb4ea4465622975938e1b9264d75e075094c27416",
                    "Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
                    "IPAddress": "172.17.0.5",
                    "IPPrefixLen": 16,
                    "IPv6Gateway": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6Address": "",
                    "GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
                    "MacAddress": "02:42:ac:11:00:05",
                    "DriverOpts": null
                }
            }
        }
    }
]

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