Android系统启动系列8 Launcher启动流程

一 概述

在 Android 中,桌面应用 Launcher 由 Launcher 演变到 Launcher2,再到现在的 Launcher3,Google 也做了很多改动。 Launcher 不支持桌面小工具动画效果,Launcher2 添加了动画效果和 3D 效果支持,从 Android 4.4 开始 Launcher 默认使用 Launcher3,Launcher3 加入了透明状态栏,增加 overview 模式,可以调整 workspace 上页面的前后顺序,可以动态管理屏幕数量,widget 列表和 app list 分开显示等功能.我们主要研究 Launcher3 的启动过程。

涉及到的源码如下:

/frameworks/base/core/java/com/android/internal/os/ZygoteInit.java
/frameworks/base/core/java/com/android/internal/os/ZygoteServer.java
/frameworks/base/core/java/com/android/internal/os/ZygoteConnection.java
/frameworks/base/core/java/com/android/internal/os/Zygote.java
/frameworks/base/core/java/com/android/internal/os/RuntimeInit.java
/frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/SystemServer.java
/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerService.java
/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/am/ProcessList.java
/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/wm/ActivityTaskManagerService.java
/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/wm/ActivityStartController.java
/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/wm/ActivityStarter.java
/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/wm/ActivityStack.java
/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/wm/ActivityStackSupervisor.java
/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/wm/RootActivityContainer.java
/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/wm/ClientLifecycleManager.java
/frameworks/base/core/java/android/os/Process.java
/frameworks/base/core/java/android/os/ZygoteProcess.java
/frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityThread.java
/frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/Activity.java
/frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ActivityManagerInternal.java
/frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/servertransaction/ClientTransaction.java
/frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/servertransaction/ClientTransaction.aidl
/frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ClientTransactionHandler.java
/frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/servertransaction/TransactionExecutor.java
/frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/servertransaction/LaunchActivityItem.java
/frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/Instrumentation.java
/frameworks/base/services/core/java/com/android/server/pm/PackageManagerService.java

从上面的代码路徑可以看出,Android10 中 Activity 的相关功能被放到了 wm 的目录中,在 Android9.0 中是在 am 目录中,Google 最终的目的是把 activity 和 window 融合,在 Android10 中只是做了简单的代码路径的变更,真正的功能还要到后面的版本才能慢慢融合。

主要代码介绍:

  • Instrumentation:负责调用 Activity 和 Application 的生命周期。
  • ActivityTaskManagerService:负责 Activity 管理和调度等工作。ATM 是 Android10 新增内容
  • ActivityManagerService:负责管理四大组件和进程,包括生命周期和状态切换。
  • ActivityTaskManagerInternal:是由 ActivityTaskManagerService 对外提供的一个抽象类,真正的实现是在 ActivityTaskManagerService#LocalService
  • ActivityThread:管理应用程序进程中主线程的执行
  • ActivityStackSupervisor:负责所有 Activity 栈的管理
  • TransactionExecutor:主要作用是执行 ClientTransaction
  • ClientLifecycleManager:生命周期的管理调用

二 架构

Launcher 启动时序图

Android系统启动系列8 Launcher启动流程_第1张图片

三 源码分析

在 AMS 启动过程中,我们知道了 AMS 启动完成前,在 systemReady() 中会去调用 startHomeOnAllDisplays() 来启动 Launcher,本次就从 startHomeOnAllDisplays() 函数入口,来看看 Launcher 是如何被启动起来的。

[ActivityManagerService.java]
public void systemReady(final Runnable goingCallback, TimingsTraceLog 
traceLog) {
     
    ........
    //启动Home Activity
    mAtmInternal.startHomeOnAllDisplays(currentUserId, "systemReady");
    ........
}

Launcher 的启动主要分为三部分:

  • SystemServer 完成启动 Launcher Activity 的调用
  • zygote 进行 Launcher 进程的 Fork 操作
  • 进入 ActivityThread 的 main(),完成最终 Launcher 的 onCreate 操作

接下来我们从源码上来分别分析这三个启动过程。

3.1 HomeActivity的启动

调用栈如下:

Android系统启动系列8 Launcher启动流程_第2张图片
ActivityTaskManagerInternal 是 ActivityTaskManagerService 的一个抽象类,真正的实现是在 ActivityTaskManagerService 的 LocalService,所以 mAtmInternal.startHomeOnAllDisplays() 最终调用的是 ActivityTaskManagerService 的 startHomeOnAllDisplays() 方法

public boolean startHomeOnAllDisplays(int userId, String reason) {
     
          synchronized (mGlobalLock) {
     
         //调用到RootActivityContainer的startHomeOnDisplay()
        return mRootActivityContainer.startHomeOnAllDisplays(userId, reason);
     }
}

3.2 RootActivityContainer.startHomeOnDisplay

boolean startHomeOnAllDisplays(int userId, String reason) {
     
        boolean homeStarted = false;
        for (int i = mActivityDisplays.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
     
            final int displayId = mActivityDisplays.get(i).mDisplayId;
            homeStarted |= startHomeOnDisplay(userId, reason, displayId);
        }
        return homeStarted;
}
    
boolean startHomeOnDisplay(int userId, String reason, int displayId, boolean allowInstrumenting,
    boolean fromHomeKey) {
     
    ........
     if (displayId == DEFAULT_DISPLAY) {
     
        //构建一个category为CATEGORY_HOME的Intent,表明是Home Activity
        homeIntent = mService.getHomeIntent();
        //通过PKMS从系统所有已安装的应用中,找到一个符合HomeItent的Activity
        aInfo = resolveHomeActivity(userId, homeIntent); 
    } 
    ........
    //启动Home Activity
    mService.getActivityStartController().startHomeActivity(homeIntent, aInfo, myReason,
        displayId);
    return true;
}

获取的 displayId 为 DEFAULT_DISPLAY, 首先通过 getHomeIntent 来构建一个 category 为 CATEGORY_HOME 的 Intent,表明是 Home Activity,然后通过 resolveHomeActivity() 从系统所有已安装的应用中,找到一个符合 HomeItent 的 Activity,最终调用 startHomeActivity()来启动 Activity.

3.2.1 ActivityTaskManagerService.getHomeIntent

Intent getHomeIntent() {
     
    Intent intent = new Intent(mTopAction, mTopData != null ? Uri.parse(mTopData) : null);
    intent.setComponent(mTopComponent);
    intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_DEBUG_TRIAGED_MISSING);
    //不是生产模式,add一个CATEGORY_HOME
    if (mFactoryTest != FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_LOW_LEVEL) {
     
        intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_HOME);
    }
    return intent;
}

构建一个 category 为 CATEGORY_HOME 的 Intent,表明是 Home Activity。Intent.CATEGORY_HOME = “android.intent.category.HOME”,这个 category 会在 Launcher3 的 AndroidManifest.xml 中配置,表明是 Home Acivity.

3.2.2 RootActivityContainer.resolveHomeActivity

ActivityInfo resolveHomeActivity(int userId, Intent homeIntent) {
     
    final int flags = ActivityManagerService.STOCK_PM_FLAGS;
    final ComponentName comp = homeIntent.getComponent(); //系统正常启动时,component为null
    ActivityInfo aInfo = null;
    ........
        if (comp != null) {
     
            // Factory test.
            aInfo = AppGlobals.getPackageManager().getActivityInfo(comp, flags, userId);
        } else {
     
            //系统正常启动时,走该流程
            final String resolvedType =
                    homeIntent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(mService.mContext.getContentResolver());            
            //resolveIntent做了两件事:
            //1.通过queryIntentActivities来查找符合HomeIntent需求Activities
            //2.通过chooseBestActivity找到最符合Intent需求的Activity信息
            final ResolveInfo info = AppGlobals.getPackageManager()
                    .resolveIntent(homeIntent, resolvedType, flags, userId);
            if (info != null) {
     
                aInfo = info.activityInfo;
            }
        }
    ........
    aInfo = new ActivityInfo(aInfo);
    aInfo.applicationInfo = mService.getAppInfoForUser(aInfo.applicationInfo, userId);
    return aInfo;
}

通过 Binder 跨进程通知 PackageManagerService 从系统所用已安装的应用中,找到一个符合 HomeItent 的 Activity.

3.3 ActivityStartController.startHomeOnDisplay

void startHomeActivity(Intent intent, ActivityInfo aInfo, String reason, int displayId) {
     
    ........
    //返回一个 ActivityStarter 对象,它负责 Activity 的启动
    //一系列setXXX()方法传入启动所需的各种参数,最后的execute()是真正的启动逻辑
    //最后执行ActivityStarter的execute方法
    mLastHomeActivityStartResult = obtainStarter(intent, "startHomeActivity: " + reason)
            .setOutActivity(tmpOutRecord)
            .setCallingUid(0)
            .setActivityInfo(aInfo)
            .setActivityOptions(options.toBundle())
            .execute();
    mLastHomeActivityStartRecord = tmpOutRecord[0];
    final ActivityDisplay display =
            mService.mRootActivityContainer.getActivityDisplay(displayId);
    final ActivityStack homeStack = display != null ? display.getHomeStack() : null; 
    if (homeStack != null && homeStack.mInResumeTopActivity) {
     
        //如果home activity处于顶层的resume activity中,则Home Activity将被初始化,
        //但不会被恢复(避免递归恢复),并将保持这种状态,直到有东西再次触发它。我们需要进行另一次恢复。
        mSupervisor.scheduleResumeTopActivities();
    }
}

接着看 startHomeActivity 函数,其中的 obtainStarter() 方法返回的是 ActivityStarter 对象,它负责 Activity 的启动,一系列 setXXX() 方法传入启动所需的各种参数,最后的 execute() 是真正的启动逻辑。另外如果 home activity 处于顶层的 resume activity 中,则 Home Activity 将被初始化,但不会被恢复,并将保持这种状态,直到有东西再次触发它。我们需要进行另一次恢复。

3.3.1 ActivityStarter.execute

int execute() {
     
    ........
    if (mRequest.mayWait) {
     
        return startActivityMayWait(...)
    } else {
     
         return startActivity(...)
    }
    ........
}

obtainStarter 没有调用 setMayWait 的方法,因此 mRequest.mayWait 为 false,走 startActivity 流程.

3.3.2 ActivityStarter.startActivity

private int startActivity(final ActivityRecord r, ActivityRecord sourceRecord,
            IVoiceInteractionSession voiceSession, IVoiceInteractor voiceInteractor,
            int startFlags, boolean doResume, ActivityOptions options, TaskRecord inTask,
            ActivityRecord[] outActivity, boolean restrictedBgActivity) {
     
    ........
    try {
             
        mService.mWindowManager.deferSurfaceLayout();//延时布局
        //调用startActivityUnchecked ,一路调用到resumeFocusedStacksTopActivities()
        result = startActivityUnchecked(r, sourceRecord, voiceSession, voiceInteractor,
                startFlags, doResume, options, inTask, outActivity, restrictedBgActivity);
    } finally {
             
        mService.mWindowManager.continueSurfaceLayout();//恢复布局
    }
    ........
}

延时布局,然后通过 startActivityUnchecked() 来处理启动标记 flag ,要启动的任务栈等,最后恢复布局

3.3.3 RootActivityContainer.resumeFocusedStacksTopActivities

boolean resumeFocusedStacksTopActivities(
        ActivityStack targetStack, ActivityRecord target, ActivityOptions targetOptions) {
     
    ........
    //如果目标栈就是栈顶Activity,启动resumeTopActivityUncheckedLocked()
    if (targetStack != null && (targetStack.isTopStackOnDisplay()
        || getTopDisplayFocusedStack() == targetStack)) {
     
    result = targetStack.resumeTopActivityUncheckedLocked(target, targetOptions);
    ........
    if (!resumedOnDisplay) {
     
        // 获取栈顶的 ActivityRecord
        final ActivityStack focusedStack = display.getFocusedStack();
        if (focusedStack != null) {
     
            //最终调用startSpecificActivityLocked()
            focusedStack.resumeTopActivityUncheckedLocked(target, targetOptions);
        }
    }
  }
}

获取栈顶的 Activity,恢复它.

3.3.4 ActivityStackSupervisor.startSpecificActivityLocked

void startSpecificActivityLocked(ActivityRecord r, boolean andResume, boolean checkConfig) {
     
    ........
    //发送消息以启动进程,以避免在ATM锁保持的情况下调用AMS时可能出现死锁
    //最终调用到AMS的startProcess()
    final Message msg = PooledLambda.obtainMessage(
            ActivityManagerInternal::startProcess, mService.mAmInternal, r.processName,
            r.info.applicationInfo, knownToBeDead, "activity", r.intent.getComponent());
    mService.mH.sendMessage(msg);
    ........
}

发送消息以启动进程,以避免在 ATM 锁保持的情况下调用 AMS 时可能出现死锁,最终调用到 ATM 的 startProcess().

3.3.5 ActivityManagerService.startProcess

public void startProcess(String processName, ApplicationInfo info,
        boolean knownToBeDead, String hostingType, ComponentName hostingName) {
     
        ........
        //同步操作,避免死锁
        synchronized (ActivityManagerService.this) {
     
            //调用startProcessLocked,然后到Process的start
            //用来fork一个新的Launcher的进程
            startProcessLocked(processName, info, knownToBeDead, 0 /* intentFlags */,
                    new HostingRecord(hostingType, hostingName),
                    false /* allowWhileBooting */, false /* isolated */,
                    true /* keepIfLarge */);
        }
        ........
}

一路调用到 Process start(),最终到 ZygoteProcess 的 attemptUsapSendArgsAndGetResult(),用来 fork 一个新的 Launcher 进程

Android系统启动系列8 Launcher启动流程_第3张图片

3.3.6 ZygoteProcess.attemptZygoteSendArgsAndGetResult

private Process.ProcessStartResult attemptZygoteSendArgsAndGetResult(
        ZygoteState zygoteState, String msgStr) throws ZygoteStartFailedEx {
     
    try {
     
        //传入的zygoteState为openZygoteSocketIfNeeded()
        //里面会通过abi来检查是第一个zygote还是第二个
        final BufferedWriter zygoteWriter = zygoteState.mZygoteOutputWriter;
        final DataInputStream zygoteInputStream = zygoteState.mZygoteInputStream;
        //把应用进程的一些参数写给前面连接的zygote进程
        //包括前面的processClass ="android.app.ActivityThread"
        zygoteWriter.write(msgStr);  
        zygoteWriter.flush(); //进入Zygote进程,处于阻塞状态 
         //从socket中得到zygote创建的应用pid,赋值给 ProcessStartResult的对象
        Process.ProcessStartResult result = new Process.ProcessStartResult();
        result.pid = zygoteInputStream.readInt();
        result.usingWrapper = zygoteInputStream.readBoolean(); 
        if (result.pid < 0) {
     
            throw new ZygoteStartFailedEx("fork() failed");
        } 
        return result;
    } catch (IOException ex) {
     
        zygoteState.close();
        Log.e(LOG_TAG, "IO Exception while communicating with Zygote - "
                + ex.toString());
        throw new ZygoteStartFailedEx(ex);
    }
}

通过 Socket 连接 zygote 进程,把之前组装的 msg 发给 zygote,其中 processClass = “android.app.ActivityThread”,通过 zygote 进程 fork 出一个新的进程,并执行 “android.app.ActivityThread” 的 main 方法.

3.4 Zygote fork一个Launcher进程

zygote 的启动过程我们前面已经详细介绍过。SystemServer 的 AMS 服务通过 Socket 向 zygote 进程发送启动 Launcher 进程的请求,zygote 进程通过 Linux 的 fork 函数,孵化出一个新的进程。由于 zygote 进程在启动时会创建 Java 虚拟机,因此通过 fork 而创建的 Launcher 进程可以在内部获取一个 Java 虚拟机的实例。fork 采用 copy-on-write 机制,有些类如果不做改变,甚至都不用复制,子进程可以和父进程共享这部分数据,从而省去不少内存的占用。fork 过程,参考下图:

Android系统启动系列8 Launcher启动流程_第4张图片
zygote 的调用栈如下:

Android系统启动系列8 Launcher启动流程_第5张图片

3.4.1 ZygoteInit.main

public static void main(String argv[]) {
     
    ........
    Runnable caller;
    ........
    if (startSystemServer) {
     
        //Zygote Fork出的第一个进程 SystmeServer
        Runnable r = forkSystemServer(abiList, zygoteSocketName, zygoteServer); 
        if (r != null) {
     
            r.run();
            return;
        }
    }
    ........
    //循环等待fork出其他的应用进程,比如Launcher
    //最终通过调用processOneCommand()来进行进程的处理
    caller = zygoteServer.runSelectLoop(abiList);
    ........
    if (caller != null) {
     
        caller.run(); //执行返回的Runnable对象,进入子进程
    }
}

zygote 先 fork 出 SystemServer 进程,接着进入循环等待,用来接收 Socket 发来的消息,用来 fork 出其他应用进程,比如 Launcher.

3.4.2 ZygoteConnection.processOneCommand

Runnable processOneCommand(ZygoteServer zygoteServer) {
     
    int pid = -1;
    ........
    //fork子进程,得到一个新的pid
    /fork子进程,采用copy on write方式,这里执行一次,会返回两次
    ///pid=0 表示Zygote  fork子进程成功
    //pid > 0 表示子进程 的真正的PID
    pid = Zygote.forkAndSpecialize(parsedArgs.mUid, parsedArgs.mGid, parsedArgs.mGids,
            parsedArgs.mRuntimeFlags, rlimits, parsedArgs.mMountExternal, parsedArgs.mSeInfo,
            parsedArgs.mNiceName, fdsToClose, fdsToIgnore, parsedArgs.mStartChildZygote,
            parsedArgs.mInstructionSet, parsedArgs.mAppDataDir, parsedArgs.mTargetSdkVersion);
    ........
    if (pid == 0) {
     
        // in child, fork成功,第一次返回的pid = 0
        .........
        return handleChildProc(parsedArgs, descriptors, childPipeFd,
                parsedArgs.mStartChildZygote);
    } else {
     .
        ........
        childPipeFd = null;
        handleParentProc(pid, descriptors, serverPipeFd);
        return null;
    }
}

通过 forkAndSpecialize() 来 fork 出 Launcher 的子进程,并执行 handleChildProc,进入子进程的处理.

3.4.3 ZygoteConnection.handleChildProc

private Runnable handleChildProc(ZygoteArguments parsedArgs, FileDescriptor[] descriptors,
        FileDescriptor pipeFd, boolean isZygote) {
     
    ........
    if (parsedArgs.mInvokeWith != null) {
     
        ........
        throw new IllegalStateException("WrapperInit.execApplication unexpectedly returned");
    } else {
     
        if (!isZygote) {
     
            // App进程将会调用到这里,执行目标类的main()方法
            return ZygoteInit.zygoteInit(parsedArgs.mTargetSdkVersion,
                    parsedArgs.mRemainingArgs, null /* classLoader */);
        } else {
     
            return ZygoteInit.childZygoteInit(parsedArgs.mTargetSdkVersion,
                    parsedArgs.mRemainingArgs, null /* classLoader */);
        }
    }
}

进行子进程的操作,最终获得需要执行的 ActivityThread 的 main(),zygoteInit 进行一些环境的初始化、启动 Binder 进程等操作.

public static final Runnable zygoteInit(int targetSdkVersion, String[] argv,
        ClassLoader classLoader) {
     
    RuntimeInit.commonInit(); //初始化运行环境 
    ZygoteInit.nativeZygoteInit(); //启动Binder线程池 
     //调用程序入口函数  
    return RuntimeInit.applicationInit(targetSdkVersion, argv, classLoader);
}

把之前传来的 “android.app.ActivityThread” 传递给 findStaticMain:

protected static Runnable applicationInit(int targetSdkVersion, String[] argv,
        ClassLoader classLoader) {
     
    ........
    // startClass: 如果AMS通过socket传递过来的是 ActivityThread
    return findStaticMain(args.startClass, args.startArgs, classLoader);
}

通过反射,拿到 ActivityThread 的 main() 方法:

protected static Runnable findStaticMain(String className, String[] argv,
        ClassLoader classLoader) {
     
    Class<?> cl; 
    try {
     
        cl = Class.forName(className, true, classLoader);
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
     
        throw new RuntimeException(
                "Missing class when invoking static main " + className,
                ex);
    }
    Method m;
    try {
     
        m = cl.getMethod("main", new Class[] {
      String[].class });
    } catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) {
     
        throw new RuntimeException(
                "Missing static main on " + className, ex);
    } catch (SecurityException ex) {
     
        throw new RuntimeException(
                "Problem getting static main on " + className, ex);
    } 
    int modifiers = m.getModifiers();
    if (! (Modifier.isStatic(modifiers) && Modifier.isPublic(modifiers))) {
     
        throw new RuntimeException(
                "Main method is not public and static on " + className);
    }
    return new MethodAndArgsCaller(m, argv);
}

把反射得来的 ActivityThread main()入口返回给 ZygoteInit 的 main,通过 caller.run() 进行调用:

 
static class MethodAndArgsCaller implements Runnable {
     
    /** method to call */
    private final Method mMethod; 
    /** argument array */
    private final String[] mArgs; 
    public MethodAndArgsCaller(Method method, String[] args) {
     
        mMethod = method;
        mArgs = args;
    } 
    //调用ActivityThread的main()
    public void run() {
     
        try {
     
            mMethod.invoke(null, new Object[] {
      mArgs });
        } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
     
            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
        } catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
     
            Throwable cause = ex.getCause();
            if (cause instanceof RuntimeException) {
     
                throw (RuntimeException) cause;
            } else if (cause instanceof Error) {
     
                throw (Error) cause;
            }
            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
        }
    }
}

3.5 Launcher进程启动

zygote fork 出了 Launcher 进程,并把接下来的 Launcher 启动任务交给了 ActivityThread 来进行,接下来我们就从 ActivityThread main() 来分析 Launcher 的创建过程。

调用栈如下:

Android系统启动系列8 Launcher启动流程_第6张图片

3.5.1 ActivityThread.main

public static void main(String[] args) {
     
    // 安装选择性的系统调用拦截
    AndroidOs.install();
  ........
  //主线程处理
    Looper.prepareMainLooper();
  ........  
  //之前SystemServer调用attach传入的是true,这里到应用进程传入false就行
    ActivityThread thread = new ActivityThread();
    thread.attach(false, startSeq);
  ........
  //一直循环,如果退出,说明程序关闭
    Looper.loop(); 
    throw new RuntimeException("Main thread loop unexpectedly exited");
}

主线程处理, 创建 ActivityThread 对象,调用 attach 进行处理,最终进入 Looper 循环,接着调用 ActivityThread 的 attach 进行处理

private void attach(boolean system, long startSeq) {
     
  sCurrentActivityThread = this;
  mSystemThread = system;
  if (!system) {
     
    //应用进程启动,走该流程
    ........
    RuntimeInit.setApplicationObject(mAppThread.asBinder());
     //获取AMS的本地代理类
    final IActivityManager mgr = ActivityManager.getService();
    try {
     
      //通过Binder调用AMS的attachApplication方法
      mgr.attachApplication(mAppThread, startSeq);
    } catch (RemoteException ex) {
     
      throw ex.rethrowFromSystemServer();
    }
    ........
  } else {
     
    //通过system_server启动ActivityThread对象
    ........
  } 
  // 为 ViewRootImpl 设置配置更新回调,
  //当系统资源配置(如:系统字体)发生变化时,通知系统配置发生变化
  ViewRootImpl.ConfigChangedCallback configChangedCallback
      = (Configuration globalConfig) -> {
     
    synchronized (mResourcesManager) {
     
      ........
    }
  };
  ViewRootImpl.addConfigCallback(configChangedCallback);
}

3.5.2 ActivityManagerService.attachApplication

public final void attachApplication(IApplicationThread thread, long startSeq) {
     
    synchronized (this) {
     
    //通过Binder获取传入的pid信息
        int callingPid = Binder.getCallingPid();
        final int callingUid = Binder.getCallingUid();
        final long origId = Binder.clearCallingIdentity();
        attachApplicationLocked(thread, callingPid, callingUid, startSeq);
        Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(origId);
    }
}
private final boolean attachApplicationLocked(IApplicationThread thread,
        int pid, int callingUid, long startSeq) {
     
  ........
    //如果当前的Application记录仍然依附到之前的进程中,则清理掉
    if (app.thread != null) {
     
        handleAppDiedLocked(app, true, true);
    }
    //mProcessesReady这个变量在AMS的 systemReady 中被赋值为true,
    //所以这里的normalMode也为true
    boolean normalMode = mProcessesReady || isAllowedWhileBooting(app.info);
  ........
    //上面说到,这里为true,进入StackSupervisor的attachApplication方法
    //去真正启动Activity
    if (normalMode) {
     
    ........
      //调用ATM的attachApplication(),最终层层调用到
      //ActivityStackSupervisor.java的 realStartActivityLocked()
      didSomething = mAtmInternal.attachApplication(app.getWindowProcessController());
    ........
    }
  ........
    return true;
}

清除一些无用的记录,最终调用 ActivityStackSupervisor.java 的 realStartActivityLocked(),进行 Activity 的启动.

3.5.3 ActivityStackSupervisor.realStartActivityLocked

真正准备去启动 Activity,通过 clientTransaction.addCallback 把 LaunchActivityItem 的 obtain 作为回调参数加进去,再调用 ClientLifecycleManager.scheduleTransaction() 得到 LaunchActivityItem 的 execute() 方法进行最终的执行,参考上面的第三阶段的调用栈流程.

调用栈如下:

Android系统启动系列8 Launcher启动流程_第7张图片

boolean realStartActivityLocked(ActivityRecord r, WindowProcessController proc,
        boolean andResume, boolean checkConfig) throws RemoteException {
     
     // 直到所有的 onPause() 执行结束才会去启动新的 activity
    if (!mRootActivityContainer.allPausedActivitiesComplete()) {
     
    ........
        return false;
    }
  try {
          // Create activity launch transaction.
            // 添加 LaunchActivityItem
            final ClientTransaction clientTransaction = ClientTransaction.obtain(
                    proc.getThread(), r.appToken);
      //LaunchActivityItem.obtain(new Intent(r.intent)作为回调参数
            clientTransaction.addCallback(LaunchActivityItem.obtain(new Intent(r.intent),
                    System.identityHashCode(r), r.info,
                    mergedConfiguration.getGlobalConfiguration(),
                    mergedConfiguration.getOverrideConfiguration(), r.compat,
                    r.launchedFromPackage, task.voiceInteractor, proc.getReportedProcState(),
                    r.icicle, r.persistentState, results, newIntents,
                    dc.isNextTransitionForward(), proc.createProfilerInfoIfNeeded(),
                            r.assistToken)); 
      ........
      // 设置生命周期状态
            final ActivityLifecycleItem lifecycleItem;
            if (andResume) {
     
                lifecycleItem = ResumeActivityItem.obtain(dc.isNextTransitionForward());
            } else {
     
                lifecycleItem = PauseActivityItem.obtain();
            }
            clientTransaction.setLifecycleStateRequest(lifecycleItem); 
            // 调用 ClientLifecycleManager.scheduleTransaction()
            // 得到上面addCallback的LaunchActivityItem的execute()方法
            mService.getLifecycleManager().scheduleTransaction(clientTransaction); 
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
     
            if (r.launchFailed) {
     
                 // 第二次启动失败,finish activity
              stack.requestFinishActivityLocked(r.appToken, Activity.RESULT_CANCELED, null,
                        "2nd-crash", false);
                return false;
            }
            // 第一次失败,重启进程并重试
            r.launchFailed = true;
            proc.removeActivity(r);
            throw e;
        }
    } finally {
     
        endDeferResume();
    }
  ........
    return true;
}

3.5.4 TransactionExecutor.execute

 [TransactionExecutor.java] 
public void execute(ClientTransaction transaction) {
     
  ........
     // 执行 callBack,参考上面的调用栈,执行回调方法,
   //最终调用到ActivityThread的handleLaunchActivity()
    executeCallbacks(transaction); 
     // 执行生命周期状态
    executeLifecycleState(transaction);
    mPendingActions.clear();
}

执行之前 realStartActivityLocked() 中的 clientTransaction.addCallback.

Android系统启动系列8 Launcher启动流程_第8张图片

3.5.5 ActivityThread.handleLaunchActivity

[ActivityThread.java] 
public Activity handleLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r,
        PendingTransactionActions pendingActions, Intent customIntent) {
     
  ........
  //初始化WindowManagerGlobal
    WindowManagerGlobal.initialize();
  ........
  //调用performLaunchActivity,来处理Activity
    final Activity a = performLaunchActivity(r, customIntent);
  ........
    return a;
}

主要干了两件事,第一件:初始化 WindowManagerGlobal.第二件:调用 performLaunchActivity 方法.

3.5.6 ActivityThread.performLaunchActivity

private Activity performLaunchActivity(ActivityClientRecord r, Intent customIntent) {
     
     // 获取 ComponentName
    ComponentName component = r.intent.getComponent();
  ........
     // 获取 Context
    ContextImpl appContext = createBaseContextForActivity(r);
    Activity activity = null;
    try {
     
         // 反射创建 Activity
        java.lang.ClassLoader cl = appContext.getClassLoader();
        activity = mInstrumentation.newActivity(
                cl, component.getClassName(), r.intent);
        StrictMode.incrementExpectedActivityCount(activity.getClass());
        r.intent.setExtrasClassLoader(cl);
        r.intent.prepareToEnterProcess();
        if (r.state != null) {
     
            r.state.setClassLoader(cl);
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
     
    ........
    } 
    try {
     
        // 获取 Application
        Application app = r.packageInfo.makeApplication(false, mInstrumentation);
        if (activity != null) {
     
      ........
      //Activity的一些处理
            activity.attach(appContext, this, getInstrumentation(), r.token,
                    r.ident, app, r.intent, r.activityInfo, title, r.parent,
                    r.embeddedID, r.lastNonConfigurationInstances, config,
                    r.referrer, r.voiceInteractor, window, r.configCallback,
                    r.assistToken); 
            if (customIntent != null) {
     
                activity.mIntent = customIntent;
            }
      ........
            int theme = r.activityInfo.getThemeResource();
            if (theme != 0) {
     
              // 设置主题
                activity.setTheme(theme);
            } 
            activity.mCalled = false;
            // 执行 onCreate()
            if (r.isPersistable()) {
     
                mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity, r.state, r.persistentState);
            } else {
     
                mInstrumentation.callActivityOnCreate(activity, r.state);
            }
      ........
            r.activity = activity;
        }
    //当前状态为ON_CREATE
        r.setState(ON_CREATE);
    ........
    } catch (SuperNotCalledException e) {
     
        throw e;
    } catch (Exception e) {
     
    ........
    }
    return activity;
}

获取 ComponentName、Context,反射创建 Activity,设置 Activity 的一些内容,比如主题等; 最终调用 callActivityOnCreate() 来执行 Activity 的 onCreate() 方法.

public void callActivityOnCreate(Activity activity, Bundle icicle,
        PersistableBundle persistentState) {
     
    prePerformCreate(activity); //activity onCreate的预处理
    activity.performCreate(icicle, persistentState);//执行onCreate()
    postPerformCreate(activity); //activity onCreate创建后的一些信息处理
}

callActivityOnCreate 先执行 activity onCreate 的预处理,再去调用 Activity 的 onCreate,最终完成 Create 创建后的内容处理.

final void performCreate(Bundle icicle, PersistableBundle persistentState) {
     
  ........
    if (persistentState != null) {
     
        onCreate(icicle, persistentState);
    } else {
     
        onCreate(icicle);
    }
  ........
}

performCreate() 主要调用 Activity 的 onCreate(),至此,看到了我们最熟悉的 Activity 的 onCreate(),Launcher 的启动完成,Launcher 被真正创建起来。

四 总结

看到 onCreate() 后,就进入到我们最熟悉的 Activity 的入口,Launcher 的启动告一段落。至此 Launcher 的整个启动流程我们基本分析完毕。

Launcher 的启动经过了三个阶段:

  • 第一个阶段:SystemServer 完成启动 Launcher Activity 的调用
  • 第二个阶段:Zygote() 进行 Launcher 进程的 fork 操作
  • 第三个阶段:进入 ActivityThread 的 main(),完成最终 Launcher 的 onCreate 操作

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