Python学习笔记之三:Python中的常见语句

Python学习笔记之三:Python中的常见语句

1 if语句

if语句用于对条件进行判断。主要结构形式有如下三种:

  • if结构
  • if-else结构
  • if-elif-else结构

这三种结构的使用方法如下实例所示:

month = 8
if month < 1 or month > 12:
	print("Invalid number.")

if month < 3 or month == 12:
	print("This is winter.")
elif month >= 3 and month < 6:
	print("This is spring.")
elif month >= 6 and month < 9:
	print("This is summer.")
else:
	print("This is autumn.")

上述代码的运行结果如下:

This is summer.

2 while语句

while语句主要用于循环执行某项操作,while循环会一直运行,直到指定的条件不满足为止,使用方法如下实例所示:

num = 0
while num <= 5:
	print("Current num is: " + str(num))
	num += 1

上述代码的运行结果如下:

Current num is: 1
Current num is: 2
Current num is: 3
Current num is: 4
Current num is: 5

使用break语句可以直接退出循环,具体使用方法如下实例所示:

num = 0
while True:
	print("Current num is: " + str(num))
	num += 1
	if num > 5:
		break
print("Break from while loop")

上述代码的运行结果如下:

Current num is: 0
Current num is: 1
Current num is: 2
Current num is: 3
Current num is: 4
Current num is: 5
Break from while loop

使用continue语句跳出本次循环,继续执行后续循环,具体使用方法如下实例所示:

num = 0
while True:
	num += 1
	if num == 2:
		continue
	print("Current num is: " + str(num))
	if num > 5:
		break
print("Break from while loop")

上述代码的运行结果如下:

Current num is: 1
Current num is: 3
Current num is: 4
Current num is: 5
Current num is: 6
Break from while loop

3 for语句

for循环语句用于循环执行某项操作,具体使用方法如下实例所示:

for num in range(1,5):
	print("Current num is: " + str(num))

上述代码的运行结果如下:

Current num is: 1
Current num is: 2
Current num is: 3
Current num is: 4

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