Python扫码登录保存和验证cookies值——抖音篇（一）

一、通过抓包找到二维码生成地址

loginurl = "https://sso.douyin.com/get_qrcode/?next=https:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2Fcontent%2Fmanage&aid=2906&service=https:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com&is_vcd=1&fp=kj5j6uhv_tvKYUFA0_qzgZ_4l9c_9Amt_DCywEfwbVFCJ"

二、通过链接获取参数token和qrcode

import agent
import requests
headers = {
     'User-Agent': agent.user_agents(),'Referer': "https://creator.douyin.com/"}
loginurl = "https://sso.douyin.com/get_qrcode/?next=https:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2Fcontent%2Fmanage&aid=2906&service=https:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com&is_vcd=1&fp=kj5j6uhv_tvKYUFA0_qzgZ_4l9c_9Amt_DCywEfwbVFCJ"
urldata = requests.get(loginurl, headers=headers).json()
print(urldata)

#注意：headers必须加上 'Referer': "https://creator.douyin.com/"

运行后获取下面需要的参数：

• qrcode（二维码图片）
• token

{
     'data': {
     'app_name': '抖音', 'qrcode': 'iVBORw0KGgoAAAA……', 'qrcode_index_url': 'https://aweme.snssdk.com……', 'token': '393……', 'web_name': '抖音'}, 'description': '', 'error_code': 0, 'message': 'success'}

其他注释：

import agent
agent.py 内容为：

import random 
agent = [
    "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2228.0 Safari/537.36",
    "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_10_1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2227.1 Safari/537.36"
#……可以多添几个认证头
]
def user_agents():
    return random.choice(agent)#随机获取一个认证头
    

三、分析二维码图片的信息

方法1

一般用第2种方法，方法1主要为了获取其他python基础技能知识

如果生成的二维码不是base64字符串可以用方法1

• 将获取的qrcode参数base64字符串还原成图片保存

import base64
with open('test.png', 'wb') as f:
    f.write(base64.b64decode(urldata['data']['qrcode']))    

• 读取刚保存好的二维码信息，打印或者显示弹出二维码图片进行扫码操作

from threading import Thread
from io import BytesIO
from PIL import Image

class showpng(Thread):
    def __init__(self, data):
        Thread.__init__(self)
        self.data = data
    def run(self):
        img = Image.open(BytesIO(self.data))  
        img.show()

from pyzbar.pyzbar import decode
from PIL import Image
import qrcode
barcodes = decode(Image.open('test.png')) #获取二维码文字信息
for b in barcodes:  #将获取二维码文字信息转换成新的二维信息进行扫码操作
    ewurl = b.data.decode("utf-8")
    # 在操作台打印二维码
    qr = qrcode.QRCode()
    qr.add_data(ewurl)
    qr.print_ascii(invert=True)
    # 显示弹出新的二维码图片
qrcode.make(ewurl).show()#不太实用因为必须关闭二维码后才能继续运行

#下面方法显示二维码无需关闭二维码也可以继续运行
testpng = open(r'test.png','rb').read()
t = showpng(testpng) #但是必须加上上面这段class showpng(Thread)代码
t.start()

方法2

无需下载二维码图片

• 将获取的qrcode参数进行转码运行打开显示二维码进行扫码操作

testpng = base64.b64decode(urldata['data']['qrcode'])
t = showpng(testpng)
t.start()

其他注释：

base64字符串和图片互转

import base64
#base64字符串转换成图片
with open('test.png', 'wb') as f:
    f.write(base64.b64decode('iVBORw0KGgoAAAA……')
#图片转换成base64字符串
f = base64.b64encode(open(r'test.png','rb').read()).decode('utf-8')
#.decode('utf-8') 去掉b''
#输出'iVBORw0KGgoAAAA……'

二维码和文字互转

from pyzbar.pyzbar import decode
import qrcode
from PIL import Image
#二维码转文字
png = decode(Image.open('test.png')) #获取二维码文字信息
for b in png:
    ewurl = b.data.decode("utf-8")  # 二维码文字信息
#输出png = [Decoded(data=b'https:……', type='QRCODE', rect=Rect(left=31, top=31, width=450, height=450), polygon=[Point(x=31, y=31), Point(x=33, y=481), Point(x=480, y=480), Point(x=481, y=33)])]
#输出ewurl = https:……

#文字转二维码并保存二维码
txt = '你好！'
#打印在操作台
qr = qrcode.QRCode()
qr.add_data(txt)
qr.print_ascii(invert=True)#打印
img = qr.make_image()
img.save('test.png')  #保存二维码图片 方法1
#输出
# █████████████████████████████
# ████ ▄▄▄▄▄ █▀▀█▀██ ▄▄▄▄▄ ████
# ████ █   █ ██▄▀ ▀█ █   █ ████
# ████ █▄▄▄█ █▄█▀█ █ █▄▄▄█ ████
# ████▄▄▄▄▄▄▄█▄▀▄▀ █▄▄▄▄▄▄▄████
# ████▄█ ▀ ▀▄▀██▀▄██▀█ █▀▄▀████
# ████▄▄▀▀▄█▄ ▀ ██▄▀ █▀  ▀█████
# ██████▄▄█▄▄█ ▄▄▀▄▀▄ ▀▀█  ████
# ████ ▄▄▄▄▄ ██▄█ ▀ ▄▄██ ▄█████
# ████ █   █ █▄ █▄██ ▄▀██▀█████
# ████ █▄▄▄█ █▄▀▄█▄█▀██  ▀▄████
# ████▄▄▄▄▄▄▄█▄▄██▄█▄▄▄██▄▄████

#以图片形式打开
qrcode.make(txt).show()
#保存二维码图片 方法2
qrcode.make(loginurl).save('test.png')

四、逐步获取登录cookies值

• 利用session类进行保存读取

session = requests.session()

• 通过抓包找到第2个有用链接
• 将获取的 token放入该链接，进去扫码确认

tokenurl = 'https://sso.douyin.com/check_qrconnect/?next=https:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2Fcontent%2Fmanage&token={}&service=https:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2F%3Flogintype%3Duser%26loginapp%3Ddouyin%26jump%3Dhttps:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2Fcontent%2Fmanage&correct_service=https:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2F%3Flogintype%3Duser%26loginapp%3Ddouyin%26jump%3Dhttps:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2Fcontent%2Fmanage&aid=2906&is_vcd=1&fp=kj5j6uhv_tvKYUFA0_qzgZ_4l9c_9Amt_DCywEfwbVFCJ'.format(token)

• 利用while来扫码确定获取cookies值

token = urldata['data']['token']
tokenurl = 'https://sso.douyin.com/check_qrconnect/?next=https:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2Fcontent%2Fmanage&token={}&service=https:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2F%3Flogintype%3Duser%26loginapp%3Ddouyin%26jump%3Dhttps:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2Fcontent%2Fmanage&correct_service=https:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2F%3Flogintype%3Duser%26loginapp%3Ddouyin%26jump%3Dhttps:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2Fcontent%2Fmanage&aid=2906&is_vcd=1&fp=kj5j6uhv_tvKYUFA0_qzgZ_4l9c_9Amt_DCywEfwbVFCJ'.format(token)
while 1:
    tokendata = session.get(tokenurl, headers=headers).json()
    print(qrcodedata)
    #输出tokendata  = {'data': {'status': '1'}, 'description': '', 'error_code': 0, 'message': 'success'}
    if tokendata['data']['status'] == "3": 
    #扫码确认后'status'值变为3，成功登录停止运行！
        session.get(tokendedata['data']['redirect_url'], headers=headers)
        #成功登录以后生成redirect_url链接，进行读取获取真正的登录后的cookies值        
        break
    time.sleep(5)

五、保存cookie值为文本并进行判断登录状态

完整代码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import base64
import agent
from threading import Thread
import time
import requests
from io import BytesIO
import http.cookiejar as cookielib
from PIL import Image
import os

requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings()

headers = {
     'User-Agent': agent.get_user_agents(), 'Referer': "https://creator.douyin.com/"}

#为确保打开二维码还能继续运行
class showpng(Thread):
    def __init__(self, data):
        Thread.__init__(self)
        self.data = data

    def run(self):
        img = Image.open(BytesIO(self.data)) 
        img.show()

#判断cookies值是否失效
def islogin(session):
    loginurl = "https://creator.douyin.com/web/api/media/user/info/"
    try:
        session.cookies.load(ignore_discard=True)
    except Exception:
        pass
    response = session.get(loginurl, verify=False, headers=headers)
    if response.json()['status_code'] == 0:
        print('Cookies值有效，无需扫码登录！')
        return session, True
    else:
        print('Cookies值已经失效，请重新扫码登录！')
        return session, False

#获取cookies值
def dylogin():
    #将获取的cookies值进行文本保存
    if not os.path.exists('cookies.txt'):
        with open("cookies.txt", 'w') as f:
            f.write("")
    session = requests.session()
    session.cookies = cookielib.LWPCookieJar(filename='cookies.txt')
    session, status = islogin(session)
    if not status:
        loginurl = "https://sso.douyin.com/get_qrcode/?next=https:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2Fcontent%2Fmanage&aid=2906&service=https:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com&is_vcd=1&fp=kj5j6uhv_tvKYUFA0_qzgZ_4l9c_9Amt_DCywEfwbVFCJ"
        urldata = session.get(loginurl, headers=headers).json()
        testpng = base64.b64decode(urldata['data']['qrcode'])
        t = showpng(testpng)
        t.start()
        token = urldata['data']['token']
        tokenurl = 'https://sso.douyin.com/check_qrconnect/?next=https:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2Fcontent%2Fmanage&token={}&service=https:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2F%3Flogintype%3Duser%26loginapp%3Ddouyin%26jump%3Dhttps:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2Fcontent%2Fmanage&correct_service=https:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2F%3Flogintype%3Duser%26loginapp%3Ddouyin%26jump%3Dhttps:%2F%2Fcreator.douyin.com%2Fcontent%2Fmanage&aid=2906&is_vcd=1&fp=kj5j6uhv_tvKYUFA0_qzgZ_4l9c_9Amt_DCywEfwbVFCJ'.format(
            token)
        while 1:
            qrcodedata = session.get(tokenurl, headers=headers).json()
            if qrcodedata['data']['status'] == "1":
                print('二维码未失效，请扫码！')
            elif qrcodedata['data']['status'] == "2":
                print('已扫码，请确认！')
            elif qrcodedata['data']['status'] == "5":
                print('二维码已失效，请重新运行！')
            if qrcodedata['data']['status'] == "3":
                print('已确认，登录成功！')
                session.get(qrcodedata['data']['redirect_url'], headers=headers)
                break
            time.sleep(5)
        session.cookies.save()
    return session


if __name__ == '__main__':
    dylogin()

六、更多文章

1. 快手篇（二）
2. 微视篇（三）
3. 微信公众号篇（四）
4. 微博篇（五）
5. B站篇（六）
6. 视频号篇（七）

• 后期小编将开设登录后批量采集各平台数据（点赞、播放量、评论、图片、视频、音乐等）专栏文章！记得关注哟！
• 如果文章能帮到您，愿意给小编点个 赞 吗，么么哒~ (●’◡’●)