初始Java二

算数运算符

算术运算符用在数学表达式中，它们的作用和在数学中的作用一样。下表列出了所有的算术运算符。

表格中的实例假设整数变量A的值为10，变量B的值为20：

操作符	描述
+	加法 - 相加运算符两侧的值
-	减法 - 左操作数减去右操作数
*	乘法 - 相乘操作符两侧的值
/	除法 - 左操作数除以右操作数
%	取余 - 左操作数除以右操作数的余数
++	自增: 操作数的值增加1
- -	自减: 操作数的值减少1

例子

public static void main(String[] args) {
     
     int a = 10;
     int b = 20;
     int c = 25;
     int d = 25;
     System.out.println("a + b = " + (a + b) );
     System.out.println("a - b = " + (a - b) );
     System.out.println("a * b = " + (a * b) );
     System.out.println("b / a = " + (b / a) );
     System.out.println("b % a = " + (b % a) );
     System.out.println("c % a = " + (c % a) );
     System.out.println("a++   = " +  (a++) );
     System.out.println("a--   = " +  (a--) );
     // 查看  d++ 与 ++d 的不同
     System.out.println("d++   = " +  (d++) );
     System.out.println("++d   = " +  (++d) );
  }
  运行结果
  "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=51196:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\charsets.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\deploy.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\javaws.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jce.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jfr.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jsse.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\plugin.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\resources.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\rt.jar;D:\JavaProject\20210402\out\production\20210402" Test
a + b = 30
a - b = -10
a * b = 200
b / a = 2
b % a = 0
c % a = 5
a++   = 10
a--   = 11
d++   = 25
++d   = 27

Process finished with exit code 0

关系运算符

运算符	描述
==	检查如果两个操作数的值是否相等，如果相等则条件为真。
！=	检查如果两个操作数的值是否相等，如果值不相等则条件为真。
>	检查左操作数的值是否大于右操作数的值，如果是那么条件为真。
<	检查左操作数的值是否小于右操作数的值，如果是那么条件为真
>=	检查左操作数的值是否大于或等于右操作数的值，如果是那么条件为真。
<=	检查左操作数的值是否小于或等于右操作数的值，如果是那么条件为真。

例子

public static void main(String[] args) {
     
     int a = 10;
     int b = 20;
     System.out.println("a == b = " + (a == b) );
     System.out.println("a != b = " + (a != b) );
     System.out.println("a > b = " + (a > b) );
     System.out.println("a < b = " + (a < b) );
     System.out.println("b >= a = " + (b >= a) );
     System.out.println("b <= a = " + (b <= a) );
  }
  运行结果
"C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=51452:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\charsets.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\deploy.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\javaws.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jce.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jfr.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jsse.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\plugin.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\resources.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\rt.jar;D:\JavaProject\20210402\out\production\20210402" Test
a == b = false
a != b = true
a > b = false
a < b = true
b >= a = true
b <= a = false

Process finished with exit code 0

逻辑运算符

操作符	描述
&&	称为逻辑与运算符。当且仅当两个操作数都为真，条件才为真。
ll	称为逻辑或操作符。如果任何两个操作数任何一个为真，条件为真。
！	称为逻辑非运算符。用来反转操作数的逻辑状态。如果条件为true，则逻辑非运算符将得到false

例子

 public static void main(String[] args) {
     
     boolean a = true;
     boolean b = false;
     System.out.println("a && b = " + (a&&b));
     System.out.println("a || b = " + (a||b) );
     System.out.println("!(a && b) = " + !(a && b));
  }

赋值运算符

赋值运算符	描述	例子
=	简单的赋值运算符，将右操作数的值赋给左侧操作数	C = A + B将把A + B得到的值赋给C
+ =	加和赋值操作符，它把左操作数和右操作数相加赋值给左操作数	C + = A等价于C = C + A
- =	减和赋值操作符，它把左操作数和右操作数相减赋值给左操作数	C - = A等价于C = C - A
* =	乘和赋值操作符，它把左操作数和右操作数相乘赋值给左操作数	C * = A等价于C = C * A
/ =	除和赋值操作符，它把左操作数和右操作数相除赋值给左操作数	C / = A，C 与 A 同类型时等价于 C = C / A
（％）=	取模和赋值操作符，它把左操作数和右操作数取模后赋值给左操作数	C％= A等价于C = C％A
<< =	左移位赋值运算符	C << = 2等价于C = C << 2
>> =	右移位赋值运算符	C >> = 2等价于C = C >> 2
＆=	按位与赋值运算符	C＆= 2等价于C = C＆2
^ =	按位异或赋值操作符	C ^ = 2等价于C = C ^ 2
l=	按位或赋值操作符	C l = 2等价于C = C

  public static void main(String[] args) {
     
        int a = 10;
        int b = 20;
        int c = 0;
        c = a + b;
        System.out.println("c = a + b = " + c );
        c += a ;
        System.out.println("c += a  = " + c );
        c -= a ;
        System.out.println("c -= a = " + c );
        c *= a ;
        System.out.println("c *= a = " + c );
        a = 10;
        c = 15;
        c /= a ;
        System.out.println("c /= a = " + c );
        a = 10;
        c = 15;
        c %= a ;
        System.out.println("c %= a  = " + c );
        c <<= 2 ;
        System.out.println("c <<= 2 = " + c );
        c >>= 2 ;
        System.out.println("c >>= 2 = " + c );
        c >>= 2 ;
        System.out.println("c >>= 2 = " + c );
        c &= a ;
        System.out.println("c &= a  = " + c );
        c ^= a ;
        System.out.println("c ^= a   = " + c );
        c |= a ;
        System.out.println("c |= a   = " + c );
    }
运行结果为:

c = a + b = 30
c += a  = 40
c -= a = 30
c *= a = 300
c /= a = 1
c %= a  = 5
c <<= 2 = 20
c >>= 2 = 5
c >>= 2 = 1
c &= a  = 0
c ^= a   = 10
c |= a   = 10

Process finished with exit code 0

Java运算符优先级

类别	操作	关联性
后缀	() [] . (点操作符)	左到右
一元	expr++ expr–	从左到右
一元	++expr --expr + - ～ ！	从右到左
乘性	* /％	左到右
加性	+ -	左到右
移位	>> >>> <<	左到右
关系	> >= < <=	左到右
相等	== !=	左到右
按位与	＆	左到右
按位异或	^	左到右
按位或	l	左到右
逻辑与	&&	左到右
逻辑或	ll	左到右
条件	？：	从右到左
赋值	= + = - = * = / =％= >> = << =＆= ^ = l=	从右到左
逗号	，	左到右