spring : advice 前增强、后增强、环绕增强、异常增加 --其实就是动态代理
标签:springstringclassbeanobjecthibernate
2010-02-09 11:291264人阅读评论(0)收藏举报
分类:
spring(3)
一个spring框架的AOP例子
2010-02-09 11:28:55
首先,你必须对增强(advice)有所了解,增强就是在特定连接点执行的动作。advice contains the logic of your aspect。增强,分为4类:
前增强(before) 在连接点之前调用
后增强(after) 在连接点执行之后调用、
环绕增强(around) 完整控制整个方法流程,必须调用MethodInvocation的proceed促使真实操作发生
异常增强针对某个异常抛出时调用
书店,一个buyBook业务:
package com.denny_blue.springdemo.aop;
public interface BuyBook {
public void buyBook(String customer,String book)throws NoThisBookException;
}
实现此接口的一个业务对象,如果顾客要买
package com.denny_blue.springdemo.aop;
public class MyBuyBook implements BuyBook {
public void buyBook(String customer,String book)throws NoThisBookException{
if(book.equals(""))
throw new NoThisBookException("对不起,没有"+book+"存货了!");
System.out.println(customer+",你好,你已经购买了一本"+book+"!");
}
}
自定义两个异常类,其中NoThisBookException被抛出时将触发MyThrowsAdvice调用:
//NoThisBookException.Java
package com.denny_blue.springdemo.aop;
public class NoThisBookException extends RuntimeException {
public NoThisBookException(String msg){
super(msg);
}
}
//BuyBookException
package com.denny_blue.springdemo.aop;
public class BuyBookException extends RuntimeException {
public BuyBookException(String msg){
super(msg);
System.out.println(msg);
}
}
OK,接下来就是各类增强了,前增强,在业务方法buyBook之前调用,显示欢迎信息:
package com.denny_blue.springdemo.aop;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice;
public class MyBeforeAdvice implements MethodBeforeAdvice {
public void before(Method arg0, Object[] arg1, Object target)
throws Throwable {
String customer=(String)arg1[0]; //第2个参数组就是被增强的方法传入的参数,本例中即customer,book
System.out.println("欢迎光临!"+customer+"!"); //显示欢迎信息!,在buyBook方法前调用
}
}
然后是后增强,当顾客已经买了书之后,显示欢送信息:
package com.denny_blue.springdemo.aop;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import org.springframework.aop.AfterReturningAdvice;
public class MyAfterAdvice implements AfterReturningAdvice {
public void afterReturning(Object arg0, Method arg1, Object[] arg2,
Object arg3) throws Throwable {
String customer=(String)arg2[0]; //同前增强一样,参数组3为传入参数,具体见spring doc
System.out.println("欢迎下次再来!"+customer+"!"); //显示欢送信息!
}
}
OK,有了上面两个advice我们就能提供给顾客很好的服务态度了,等等?我们还有规则没实现,不是说一名顾客只能买一本书吗?OK,我们用环绕增强来解决,在环绕增强中保存一个HashSet,判断顾客是否来过,来过就抛出一个异常,没来过再放入此Set中:
package com.denny_blue.springdemo.aop;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInterceptor;
import org.aopalliance.intercept.MethodInvocation;
public class MyAroundAdvice implements MethodInterceptor {
private Set customers=new HashSet(); //保存购过书的顾客信息
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
String customer=(String)invocation.getArguments()[0];
if(customers.contains(customer)){
throw new BuyBookException("对不起,一名顾客只能买一本打折书!");
}
Object result=invocation.proceed(); //调用MyBuyBook中的buyBook方法,即真实操作
customers.add(customer);
return result;
}
}
好了,最后一个,异常增强,当顾客要买时,我们的书店没书了,请仓库部门赶快订货!!
package com.denny_blue.springdemo.aop;
import org.springframework.aop.ThrowsAdvice;
public class MyThrowsAdvice implements ThrowsAdvice {
public void afterThrowing(NoThisBookException e){ //可以定义多个方法,只要传入的参数是不同异常
System.out.print("通知仓库,赶紧加订书!");
}
}
好了没?还没,我们需要一个XML文件来组装这些对象,来代理业务接口,完整的beans.xml如下,各元素的含义请自己查看spring reference
?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
com.denny_blue.springdemo.aop.BuyBook
myBeforeAdvice
myAfterAdvice
myAroundAdvice
myThrowsAdvice
我们先声明所有的bean,通过
确定将要被增强的对象——目标对象(target),我们可以很容易地替换这个目标对象,只要它实现业务接口。代理的接口通过:
com.denny_blue.springdemo.aop.BuyBook
设定,然后是要用到一系列增强,注意,顺序是很有影响的!你可以尝试着改变顺序看看结果:)
myBeforeAdvice
myAfterAdvice
myAroundAdvice
myThrowsAdvice
一切准备好了,我们来测试吧,GogoGO
package test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
import com.denny_blue.springdemo.aop.BuyBook;
public class TestAdvice {
public static void main(String args[]){
ApplicationContext ctx=new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("/src/beans.xml");
//我的beans.xml放在项目下的src目录,eclipse环境下,请自己调整
BuyBook buybook=(BuyBook)ctx.getBean("buyBook");
buybook.buyBook("jordan","<深入浅出hibernate>");
// buybook.buyBook("dennis",""); //去掉注释即可观察异常增强
// buybook.buyBook("jordan","<深入浅出hibernate>"); //去掉注释即可观察环绕增强
}
}
一个简单的例子,脱胎于spring reference,希望对您帮助:)