目前网络上多数基于django实现websocket都是老版本,而django和channels都升级到2.0+版本,导致在搭建过程中填坑无数,好在看了诸多官网文章总算搞定,都是英文,着实好了一点时间,底部附上源码,欢迎大家一起交流。
项目版本:
Python 3.6 Django 2.0.2 Channels 2.0.2 channels_redis 2.0.2 Daphne 2.0.4 asgi_redis 1.4.3 asgiref 2.1.6 pypiwin32 2.2.3
注意事项:
1,安装channels之前,先把剩下的几个库全部安装,用PIP即可,若安装过程出现UnicodeDecodeError:‘utf-8’ codec can not decode byte 0xd6 in position 2:invalid continuation byte错误则将D:\Python36-32\Lib\site-packages\pip\compat\_init_.py中return s.decode('utf-8')修改为return s.decode('gbk')。
2,项目基于redis,各位自行安装并运行redis,运行channels时,保证redis已启动Redis启动命令,cmd进入redis安装目录(c:\\redis),Redis-server.exe redis.windows.conf 回车,正常会显示no error。默认redis已经做成服务并开机自启动,所以只需启动一次即可。
配置过程:
settings.py文件
redis_host = os.environ.get('REDIS_HOST', 'localhost') # Channel layer definitions # http://channels.readthedocs.io/en/latest/topics/channel_layers.html CHANNEL_LAYERS = { "default": { # This example app uses the Redis channel layer implementation channels_redis "BACKEND": "channels_redis.core.RedisChannelLayer", "CONFIG": { "hosts": [(redis_host, 6379)], }, }, } ASGI_APPLICATION = "NetWorkMonitor.routing.application"
INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'channels', 'AppMain', 'WebSocket', ]
添加asgi.py文件,内容如下:
import os import django from channels.routing import get_default_application os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "NetWorkMonitor.settings") django.setup() application = get_default_application()
修改wsgi.py文件,内容如下:
import os from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "NetWorkMonitor.settings") application = get_wsgi_application()
修改routing.py文件,EchoConsumer是websocket的响应类,内容如下:
from django.urls import path from channels.routing import ProtocolTypeRouter, URLRouter from channels.auth import AuthMiddlewareStack from WebSocket.consumers import EchoConsumer application = ProtocolTypeRouter({ "websocket": AuthMiddlewareStack( URLRouter([ # URLRouter just takes standard Django path() or url() entries. path("websockettest/", EchoConsumer), ]), ), })
url文件增加websockettest.html访问处理,在该页面js中发起websocket连接,内容如下:
urlpatterns = [ path('admin/', admin.site.urls), path('',AppMain_views.login), path('loginfunc/', AppMain_views.loginfunc, name='loginfunc'), path('websockettest/',AppMain_views.websockettest), path(r'^favicon\.ico$', RedirectView.as_view(url='/static/devifile_psp.ico')), url(r'^crossdomain.xml$',allow_domains,{ 'domains': ['172.20.0.42']}), ]
js中发起websocket连接,很简单:
socket = new WebSocket("ws://127.0.0.1:9873/websockettest/"); socket.onmessage = function(e) { if (socket.readyState == WebSocket.OPEN) { alert("success... content="+e.data); } else { alert("failed"); } consoe.log(e.data); } socket.onopen = function() { socket.send("hello world"); }
最后还有一个响应类,实现websocket通信,注意json数据一定要使用json.dumps,这个也是版本更新所致:
class EchoConsumer(JsonWebsocketConsumer): def websocket_connect(self, event): self.accept() def websocket_receive(self, event): self.send(json.dumps({ "type": "websocket.send supcon", "text": event["text"], })) def websocket_message(self, event): self.send(json.dumps({ "type": "websocket.send jackie", "text": event["text"], })) def websocket_disconnect(self, event): self.send(json.dumps({ "type": "websocket.send", "text": event["text"], }))
到此,基本上是配置完成,服务运行即可实践最新版本的websocket。源代码链接