python 的requests库非常的强大,在api自动化框架中,request就是框架核心
request有非常多的功能
除了正常的http请求,还有封装好能帮你自动保存session库等
requests.sessions
This module provides a Session object to manage and persist settings acrossrequests (cookies, auth, proxies).
本篇博文就只讲常用的两个http请求方法
requests.sessions里面的request函数，可以持久保留session 使用方法同正常的请求一样正常的http请求,不会做任何信息的持久保留
import requests
requests.request(method, url, **kwargs)
"""Constructs and sends a :class:`Request `.
:param method: method for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.
:param params: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples or bytes to send
in the query string for the :class:`Request`.
:param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like
object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
:param json: (optional) A JSON serializable Python object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.
:param headers: (optional) Dictionary of HTTP Headers to send with the :class:`Request`.
:param cookies: (optional) Dict or CookieJar object to send with the :class:`Request`.
:param files: (optional) Dictionary of ``'name': file-like-objects`` (or ``{'name': file-tuple}``) for multipart encoding upload.
``file-tuple`` can be a 2-tuple ``('filename', fileobj)``, 3-tuple ``('filename', fileobj, 'content_type')``
or a 4-tuple ``('filename', fileobj, 'content_type', custom_headers)``, where ``'content-type'`` is a string
defining the content type of the given file and ``custom_headers`` a dict-like object containing additional headers
to add for the file.
:param auth: (optional) Auth tuple to enable Basic/Digest/Custom HTTP Auth.
:param timeout: (optional) How many seconds to wait for the server to send data
before giving up, as a float, or a :ref:`(connect timeout, read
timeout) ` tuple.
:type timeout: float or tuple
:param allow_redirects: (optional) Boolean. Enable/disable GET/OPTIONS/POST/PUT/PATCH/DELETE/HEAD redirection. Defaults to ``True``.
:type allow_redirects: bool
:param proxies: (optional) Dictionary mapping protocol to the URL of the proxy.
:param verify: (optional) Either a boolean, in which case it controls whether we verify
the server's TLS certificate, or a string, in which case it must be a path
to a CA bundle to use. Defaults to ``True``.
:param stream: (optional) if ``False``, the response content will be immediately downloaded.
:param cert: (optional) if String, path to ssl client cert file (.pem). If Tuple, ('cert', 'key') pair.
:return: :class:`Response ` object
:rtype: requests.Response
"""
文档说的很详细具体传参什么的我就不再对上面的doc做二次翻译了
下面这个是官方提供的示例,return回的是response对象(object)
Usage::
>>> import requests
>>> req = requests.request('GET', 'https://httpbin.org/get')
如果需要从Response对象中得到信息,有以下几个方法
Response.json(**kwargs) 得到字典格式的response,encoding可选
Response.text 以unicode格式体现的文本
Response.okresponse code < 400 == True 反之 Flase