前言：一个游戏里的一个人物会存在多种状态，那么就需要有一个专门管理这些状态的类。不然会显得杂乱无章，不易于后面状态的增加或者减少。
思路：既然要方便管理，那么首先肯定得有个系统类（专门用来存放所有的状态、状态的增删等功能）；然后就是需要把所有的状态都单独写一个类（已达到修改某个状态的时候，其他状态不会受到影响）。
状态管理类：
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class FSMSystem
{
private Dictionary states = new Dictionary();
private StateID currentStateID;
private FSMState currentFSMState;
public void Update(GameObject npc)
{
currentFSMState.Act(npc);
currentFSMState.Reason(npc);
}
///
/// 添加状态
///
///
public void AddState(FSMState fSMState)
{
if (fSMState == null) return;
//if (currentFSMState == null)
//{
currentStateID = fSMState.ID;
currentFSMState = fSMState;
//}
if (states.ContainsKey(currentStateID)) return;
states.Add(currentStateID, currentFSMState);
}
///
/// 删除状态
///
///
public void DeleteState(StateID stateID)
{
if (stateID == StateID.Null) return;
if (!states.ContainsKey(stateID)) return;
states.Remove(stateID);
}
///
/// 执行状态条件转换
///
///
public void PerformTransition(Transition transition)
{
if (transition == Transition.NullTransition) return;
StateID stateID = currentFSMState.GetStateID(transition);
if (stateID == StateID.Null) return;
if (!states.ContainsKey(stateID)) return;
FSMState fSMState = states[stateID];
currentFSMState.StateExit();
currentFSMState = fSMState;
currentStateID = fSMState.ID;
currentFSMState.StateEnter();
}
}
状态基类：
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public enum Transition
{
NullTransition,
SeePlayer,//发现玩家
LostPlayer,//玩家脱离视野范围
AttackPlayer,//攻击玩家
}
public enum StateID
{
Null,
Chase,//追逐
Patrol,//巡逻
Attack,//攻击
}
public abstract class FSMState
{
protected Transition transition;
protected StateID stateID;
protected FSMSystem fSM;
public StateID ID
{
get { return stateID; }
}
protected Dictionary dic = new Dictionary();
public FSMState(FSMSystem fSM)
{
this.fSM = fSM;
}
///
/// 增加状态
///
///
///
public void AddTransition(Transition transition, StateID stateID)
{
if (transition == Transition.NullTransition) return;
if (stateID == StateID.Null) return;
if (dic.ContainsKey(transition)) return;
dic.Add(transition, stateID);
}
///
/// 删除状态
///
///
public void DeleteTransition(Transition transition)
{
if (transition == Transition.NullTransition) return;
if (!dic.ContainsKey(transition)) return;
dic.Remove(transition);
}
///
/// 获取状态
///
///
///
/// 进入状态
///
public virtual void StateEnter() { }
///
/// 退出状态
///
public virtual void StateExit() { }
///
/// 状态持续中，，，
///
///
public abstract void Act(GameObject npc);
///
/// 状态退出前，，，
///
///
public abstract void Reason(GameObject npc);
}
巡逻状态：
using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; ////// 巡逻状态 /// public class PatrolState : FSMState { ////// 巡逻路径点集合 /// private Transform[] paths; ////// 当前巡逻路径点索引 /// private int index = 0; ////// 移动速度 /// private float moveSpeed = 0.5f; ////// 玩家 /// private Transform player; public PatrolState(FSMSystem fSM, Transform player) : base(fSM) { this.player = player; paths = GameObject.Find("Path").GetComponentsInChildren(); stateID = StateID.Patrol; } public override void Act(GameObject npc) { npc.transform.LookAt(paths[index].position); npc.transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * Time.deltaTime * moveSpeed); if (Vector3.Distance(npc.transform.position, paths[index].position) < 1) { index++; index %= paths.Length; } } public override void Reason(GameObject npc) { npc.GetComponent ().SetFloat("Speed", moveSpeed ); if (Vector3.Distance(player.position, npc.transform.position) < 10) { fSM.PerformTransition(Transition.SeePlayer); } } }
追逐状态：
using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; ////// 追逐状态 /// public class ChaseState : FSMState { ////// 移动速度 /// private float moveSpeed = 2f; ////// 玩家 /// private Transform player; public ChaseState(FSMSystem fSM, Transform player) : base(fSM) { stateID = StateID.Chase; this. player = player; } public override void Act(GameObject npc) { npc.transform.LookAt(player.position); npc.transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * Time.deltaTime * moveSpeed); } public override void Reason(GameObject npc) { npc.GetComponent().SetFloat("Speed", moveSpeed / 2); if (Vector3.Distance(player.position, npc.transform.position) >= 10) { fSM.PerformTransition(Transition.LostPlayer); } else if (Vector3.Distance(player.position, npc.transform.position) <= 1f ) { fSM.PerformTransition(Transition.AttackPlayer); } } }
攻击状态：
using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; ////// 攻击状态 /// public class AttackState : FSMState { ////// 玩家 /// private Transform player; public AttackState(FSMSystem fSM, Transform player) : base(fSM) { stateID = StateID.Attack; this.player = player; } public override void Act(GameObject npc) { } public override void Reason(GameObject npc) { if (Vector3.Distance(player.position, npc.transform.position) > 1f) { if (Vector3.Distance(player.position, npc.transform.position) >= 10) { fSM.PerformTransition(Transition.LostPlayer); } else if (Vector3.Distance(player.position, npc.transform.position) < 10) { fSM.PerformTransition(Transition.SeePlayer); } return; } npc.GetComponent().SetTrigger("Attack01"); } }
状态持有者实现类：
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class Enemy : MonoBehaviour
{
private FSMSystem fSM;
private Transform player;
private void Start()
{
fSM = new FSMSystem();
FSMState patrolState = new PatrolState(fSM, player);
patrolState.AddTransition(Transition.SeePlayer, StateID.Chase);
patrolState.AddTransition(Transition.AttackPlayer, StateID.Attack);
//patrolState.AddTransition(Transition.LostPlayer, StateID.Patrol);
FSMState chaseState = new ChaseState(fSM, player);
chaseState.AddTransition(Transition.LostPlayer, StateID.Patrol);
chaseState.AddTransition(Transition.AttackPlayer, StateID.Attack);
//chaseState.AddTransition(Transition.SeePlayer, StateID.Chase);
FSMState attackState = new AttackState(fSM, player);
attackState.AddTransition(Transition.SeePlayer, StateID.Chase);
attackState.AddTransition(Transition.LostPlayer, StateID.Patrol);
//attackState.AddTransition(Transition.AttackPlayer, StateID.Attack);
fSM.AddState(patrolState);
fSM.AddState(chaseState);
fSM.AddState(attackState);
}
private void Update()
{
fSM.Update(gameObject);
}
}
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