Document/View框架中初始化Direct3D

一般情况下，初始化Direct3D包含以下四个步骤：

1、获得IDirect3D9接口指针；

2、检查显卡是否支持硬件顶点处理；

3、定义一个D3DPRESENT _PARAMETERS变量，指定相关的显示特性；

4、创建IDirect3DDevice9对象，该对象指向一个代表图形设备的C++对象。

具体在文档/视图框架中初始化过程如下：

1、在View类中添加两个成员变量（m_pD3d应该不是必须的）：

class CXXView : public CView

{

private:

    LPDIRECT3D9 m_pD3d;

    LPDIRECT3DDEVICE9 m_pD3dDevice;

protected: // create from serialization only

    CFirstView();

    DECLARE_DYNCREATE(CFirstView)

// Attributes

public:

    CFirstDoc* GetDocument() const;

...

};

2、进行初始化工作。可以首先将初始化的工作封装为一个View类的成员函数：

bool CXXView::D3dInit()

{

    HWND hwnd = GetSafeHwnd();

    CRect clientrect;

    GetClientRect(&clientrect);

    m_pD3d = Direct3DCreate9(D3D_SDK_VERSION);

    if(m_pD3d == NULL)

    {

        MessageBox("Fail to create D3d interface");

        return false;

    }

    D3DCAPS9 caps;

    m_pD3d->GetDeviceCaps(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, D3DDEVTYPE_HAL, &caps);

    int vp = 0;

    if(caps.DevCaps & D3DDEVCAPS_HWTRANSFORMANDLIGHT)

        vp = D3DCREATE_HARDWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;

    else

        vp = D3DCREATE_SOFTWARE_VERTEXPROCESSING;

    D3DPRESENT_PARAMETERS para;

    ZeroMemory(&para,sizeof(para));

     para.BackBufferWidth = clientrect.Width();

     para.BackBufferHeight = clientrect.Height();

     para.BackBufferFormat = D3DFMT_A8R8G8B8; //像素格式

     para.BackBufferCount = 1;

     para.MultiSampleType = D3DMULTISAMPLE_NONE;

     para.MultiSampleQuality = 0;

     para.SwapEffect = D3DSWAPEFFECT_DISCARD;

     para.hDeviceWindow = hwnd;

    para.Windowed = TRUE;

     para.EnableAutoDepthStencil = true;

     para.AutoDepthStencilFormat = D3DFMT_D24S8; // depth format

     para.Flags = 0;

     para.FullScreen_RefreshRateInHz = D3DPRESENT_RATE_DEFAULT;

     para.PresentationInterval = D3DPRESENT_INTERVAL_IMMEDIATE;

    HRESULT hr = m_pD3d->CreateDevice(D3DADAPTER_DEFAULT, 

                                        D3DDEVTYPE_HAL,

                                        hwnd, 

                                        vp, 

                                        &para, 

                                        &m_pD3dDevice);

    if(FAILED(hr))

    {

//         DWORD dw = GetLastError();

//         CString error;

//         error.Format("%u,%u",dw,hr);

//         MessageBox(error);

        MessageBox("Fail to create D3d device");

        return false;

    }

    return true;

}

3、重载OnInitialUpdate虚函数，在其中调用D3dInit：

void CXXView::OnInitialUpdate()

{

    CView::OnInitialUpdate();

    // TODO: Add your specialized code here and/or call the base class

    if(!D3dInit())

        MessageBox("D3d initialization failed!");

}

4、在析构函数释放设备和D3d对象：

CXXView::~CXXView()

{

    if(m_pD3dDevice != NULL)

        m_pD3dDevice->Release();

    if(m_pD3d != NULL)

        m_pD3d->Release();

}

5、可以在OnPaint中测试一下：

void CXXView::OnPaint()

{

    CPaintDC dc(this); // device context for painting

    // TODO: Add your message handler code here

    // Do not call CView::OnPaint() for painting messages

    if(m_pD3dDevice)

    {

        m_pD3dDevice->Clear(0, 0, D3DCLEAR_TARGET | D3DCLEAR_ZBUFFER,0x00000000, 1.0f, 0);

        m_pD3dDevice->Present(0,0,0,0);

    }

}