[Linux] 使用 VS Code 编译 C/C++ 程序

1. 安装插件

安装以下四个插件

• C/C++
• C/C++ Clang Command Adapter
• Include Autocomplete
• Code Runner

2. 配置编译环境

在项目目录下新建 .vscode 文件夹, 然后在该目录下新建两个文件 launch.json/tasks.json, 并写入以下内容

• launch.json

{
     
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
     
            "name": "(gdb) Launch", 
            "type": "cppdbg", 
            "request": "launch", 
            "program": "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.out", 
            "args": [], 
            "stopAtEntry": false, 
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}", 
            "environment": [], 
            "externalConsole": true, 
            "internalConsoleOptions": "neverOpen", 
            "MIMode": "gdb", 
            // "miDebuggerPath": "gdb.exe", 
            "setupCommands": [ 
                {
     
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": false
                }
            ],
            "preLaunchTask": "Compile" 
        }
    ]
}

• tasks.json

{
     
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
     
            "label": "Compile", 
            "command": "clang++", 
            "args": [
                "${file}",
                "-o", 
                "${fileDirname}/${fileBasenameNoExtension}.out",
                "-g", 
                "-Wall", 
                "-static-libgcc", 
                // "-fcolor-diagnostics", 
                // "--target=x86_64-w64-mingw", 
                "-std=c++11" 
            ],
            "type": "shell", 
            "group": {
     
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true 
            },
            "presentation": {
     
                "echo": true,
                "reveal": "always", 
                "focus": false,
                "panel": "shared" 
            }
        }
    ]
}

3. 运行测试

新建 test.cpp 文件, 写入如下测试代码

#include 
using namespace std;

int main()
{
     
    using namespace std;
    cout << "HelloWorld\n";
    //cout << endl;
    cout << "2333";
    return 0;
}

此时状态如下

第一行报错是因为 includePath 配置有误导致, 解决方法是点击波浪线左边的小灯泡, 在弹出的菜单里点击前几项的"添加到…", 注意每个"添加到"都要点击, 直到不再报错

解决了报错问题, 接下来就可以编译代码了, 编译方式是点击右上角的三角符号, 这个按钮是 Code Runner 插件提供的

出现上面的输出结果表明编译成功, 在代码文件的同级目录下会出现编译后的文件