keepalived+haproxy搭建LNMP架构并做数据同步
准备环境
# 数字8表示CentOS8系统数字7表示CentOS7系统（建议使用相同的系统，比如CentOS8）
虚拟VIP：172.31.0.188
172.31.0.27 keepalived + haproxy master
172.31.0.37 keepalived + haproxy backup
172.31.0.7 nginx + php-fpm
172.31.0.17 nginx + php-fpm
172.31.0.8 mysql-server8.0 master
172.31.0.18 mysql-server8.0 backup
172.31.0.28 nfs-utils master （CentOS7不支持安装rsync-daemon）
172.31.0.38 nfs-utils backup
安装数据库实现主从同步
# 172.31.0.8
# 安装
[root@centos8 ~]# yum install mysql-server -y
[root@centos8 ~]# mysql
mysql> show master logs;
+------------------+-----------+-----------+
| Log_name | File_size | Encrypted |
+------------------+-----------+-----------+
| mysql-bin.000001 | 156 | No |
+------------------+-----------+-----------+
mysql> create database db1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> create user repluser@'172.31.0.%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant replication slave on *.* to repluser@'172.31.0.%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> create database db222;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> create database wordpress;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> create user wordpress@'172.31.0.%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> grant all on wordpress.* to wordpress@'172.31.0.%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
# 172.31.0.18
# 安装
[root@centos8 ~]# yum install mysql-server -y
[root@centos8 ~]# mysql
CHANGE MASTER TO
MASTER_HOST='172.31.0.8',
MASTER_USER='repluser',
MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',
MASTER_PORT=3306,
MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000001',
MASTER_LOG_POS=156;
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 172.31.0.8
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 867
Relay_Log_File: centos8-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 1035
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
测试看数据是否同步成功
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| db1 |
| db222 |
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
| wordpress |
+--------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
两台nginx + php 搭建
# 172.31.0.7
# 安装 nginx
[root@centos8 ~]# yum install nginx -y
# 安装php（编译安装php）
[root@centos8 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@centos8 ~]# tar xf php-7.4.10.tar.gz
[root@centos8 ~]# cd php-7.4.10
[root@centos8 ~]# yum -y -q install gcc make oniguruma-devel libxml2-devel bzip2-devel libmcrypt-devel libsqlite3x-devel oniguruma oniguruma-devel pcre-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed git
[root@centos8 ~]# ./configure --prefix=/apps/php74 --enable-mysqlnd --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-openssl --with-zlib --with-config-file-path=/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --enable-mbstring --enable-xml --enable-sockets --enable-fpm --enable-maintainer-zts --disable-fileinfo
（因为我的系统cpu是2核）
[root@centos8 ~]# make -j 2 && make install
[root@centos8 ~]# cp sapi/fpm/php-fpm.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@centos8 ~]# cd /apps/php74/etc
[root@centos8 ~]# cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
[root@centos8 ~]# cd php-fpm.d/
[root@centos8 ~]# cp www.conf.default www.conf
[root@centos8 ~]# sed -i.bak -e 's/^user.*/user = nginx/' -e 's/^group.*/group = nginx/' /apps/php74/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
[root@centos8 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@centos8 ~]# systemctl start php-fpm
[root@centos8 ~]# ss -tanl
9000
两台都是一样的配置nginx
[root@centos8 ~]# cat /etc/nginx/conf.d/pc.conf
server{
listen 80;
server_name www.wrdlongxuan.vip;
root /data/www;
location / {
root /data/www;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
location ~ \.php$|pm_status|ping {
root /data/www; #下面的$document_root调用此行的root指令指定的目录
#fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php-fpm/www.sock;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
#fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /data/php$fastcgi_script_name;
#如果SCRIPT_FILENAME是上面的绝对路径则可以省略root /data/php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
做个php测试页面
[root@centos8 ~]# vim /data/www/index.php
创建目录
[root@centos8 ~]# mkdir /data/www -p
# 授权
[root@centos8 ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /data/www/
重启服务
[root@centos8 ~]# systemctl restart nginx php-fpm
搭建keepalived + haproxy
# 172.31.0.27
# 安装 （两台机器）
[root@centos8 ~]# yum install keepalived haproxy -y
在两个ka1和ka2两个节点启用内核参数
[root@centos8 ~]# cat /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind = 1
[root@centos8 ~]# sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_nonlocal_bind = 1
修改haproxy配置（两台机器）
[root@centos8 ~]# cat /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
listen web-80
bind 172.31.0.188:80
server 172.31.0.7 172.31.0.7:80 check inter 3000 fall 2 rise 5
server 172.31.0.17 172.31.0.17:80 check inter 3000 fall 2 rise 5
修改keepalived配置（master）
# 172.31.0.27
[root@centos8 ~]# /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id LVS_DEVEL1
vrrp_mcast_group4 224.0.100.100
}
vrrp_script check_haproxy {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_haproxy.sh"
interval 1
weight -30
fall 3
rise 2
timeout 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 88
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 123456
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.31.0.188/16 dev eth0 label eth0:1
}
track_interface {
eth0
}
notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master"
notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup"
notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault"
track_script {
check_haproxy
}
}
准备haproxy脚本
[root@centos8 ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/check_haproxy.sh
#!/bin/bash
# 为0就表示进程存在，否则表示不存在
/usr/bin/killall -0 haproxy || systemctl restart haproxy
准备notify 脚本
[root@centos8 ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/notify.sh
!/bin/bash
contact='root@localhost'
notify() {
mailsubject="$(hostname) to be $1:vip floating"
mailbody="$(date +'%F %T'):vrrp transition,$(hostname) change to be $1"
echo $mailbody | mail -s "$mailsubject" $contract
}
case $1 in
master)
notify master
systemctl start nginx
;;
backup)
notify backup
systemctl restart nginx
;;
fault)
notify fault
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $(basename $0) {master|backup|fault}"
esac
脚本授权
[root@centos8 ~]# chmod +x /etc/keepalived/notify.sh
[root@centos8 ~]# chmod +x /etc/keepalived/check_haproxy.sh
修改keepalived配置（backup）
# 172.31.0.37
[root@centos8 ~]# cat /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id LVS_DEVEL2
vrrp_mcast_group4 224.0.100.100
}
vrrp_script check_haproxy {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_haproxy.sh"
interval 1
weight -30
fall 3
rise 2
timeout 2
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 88
priority 80
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 123456
}
virtual_ipaddress {
172.31.0.188/16 dev eth0 label eth0:1
}
track_interface {
eth0
}
notify_master "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh master"
notify_backup "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh backup"
notify_fault "/etc/keepalived/notify.sh fault"
track_script {
check_haproxy
}
}
脚本同上，复用即可
测试
看看VIP是否会漂移到其他backup机器
[root@centos8 ~]# hostname -I
172.31.0.27 172.31.0.188
[root@centos8 ~]# hostname -I
172.31.0.37
停止master 172.31.0.27 机器上的keepalived，效果如下
[root@centos8 ~]# hostname -I
172.31.0.27
[root@centos8 ~]# hostname -I
172.31.0.37 172.31.0.188
搭建nfs做数据同步
# 172.31.0.28
# 安装
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y nfs-utils
# 创建目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /data/www
# 配置挂载目录
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/exports
/data/www 172.31.0.0/16(rw)
# 启动服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nfs-server
测试
[root@localhost ~]# showmount -e 172.31.0.28
Export list for 172.31.0.28:
/data/www 172.31.0.0/16
安装wrodpress软件
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
# 解压
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf wordpress-5.4.2-zh_CN.tar.gz
# 拷贝数据
[root@localhost ~]# cp -a wordpress/* /data/www/
[root@localhost ~]# ll /data/www/
...
# 授权
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /data/www/
# 安装
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install inotify-tools
# 测试
[root@localhost ~]# rsync rsync://172.31.0.38
backup
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf sersync2.5.4_64bit_binary_stable_final.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# cp -a GNU-Linux-x86 /usr/local/sersync
[root@localhost ~]# echo 'PATH=/usr/local/sersync:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/sersync.sh
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile.d/sersync.sh
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q rsync &> /dev/null || yum -y install rsync
[root@localhost ~]# cp /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml{,.bak}
改sersync配置
[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml
[root@localhost ~]# cat /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml
#改这里
添加密码
[root@localhost ~]# echo centos > /etc/rsync.pas
# 授权
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pas
nfs backup机器操作
# 172.31.0.38
# 安装
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y rsync rsync-daemon
# 创建跟master一样的目录
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /data/www
# 在备份服务器启动 rsync 进程
[root@localhost ~]# rsync --daemon
873
# 检查有没有这个用户
[root@localhost ~]# id nginx
# 创建一个不能登录的系统用户
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -s /bin/nologin nginx
# 添加用户和密码
[root@localhost ~]# echo "rsyncuser:centos" > /etc/rsync.pas
# 授权
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pas
# 重启服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart rsyncd
修改配置文件
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/rsyncd.conf
[backup]
uid = root
gid = root
path = /data/www/
read only = no
auth users = rsyncuser #默认anonymous可以访问rsync服务器
secrets file = /etc/rsync.pas
在master机器操作
# 测试master机操作
[root@localhost ~]# rsync rsync://172.31.0.38
backup
# 在master机器手动执行同步
[root@localhost ~]# echo "centos" > /etc/rsync.pas
[root@localhost ~]# chmod 600 /etc/rsync.pas
先把数据手工推送到back机器
[root@localhost ~]# rsync /data/www/ rsync://172.31.0.38::backup
#以后台方式执行同步
[root@localhost ~]# sersync2 -dro /usr/local/sersync/confxml.xml
# 如果同步失败,可以手动执行下面命令,观察过程
[root@localhost ~]# cd /data/www && rsync -artuz -R --delete ./ [email protected]::backup --password-file=/etc/rsync.pas >/dev/null 2>&1
测试看看目录下有没有数据即可
[root@CentOS8 ~]# ll /data/www/
挂载（两台nginx都要）
# 这是命令临时挂载，重启机器就没有了
[root@CentOS8 ~]# mount -t nfs 172.31.0.28:/data/www /data/www/
# 永久挂载
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
172.31.0.28:/data/www /data/www/ nfs _netdev 0 0
上面的方法：是先把WordPress软件安装在nfs共享服务器上在挂载
方法二：先在某一台nginx安装好wrodprees，授权，然后在把WordPress下的/wp-content/uploads 拷贝到NFS服务器上共享出来，把nginx下的WordPress文件里面的wp-content/uploads删除，把剩下的所有文件也拷贝一份到另外一台nginx服务器上，nfs服务器只共享wp-content/uploads这个目录，然后两台nginx挂载即可
# 172.31.0.7
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data/www -p
[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
# 解压
[root@localhost ~]# tar xf wordpress-5.4.2-zh_CN.tar.gz
# 拷贝数据
[root@localhost ~]# cp -a wordpress/* /data/www/
[root@localhost ~]# ll /data/www/
...
# 授权
[root@localhost ~]# chown -R nginx.nginx /data/www/
# 拷贝数据到远程nfs服务器
[root@localhost ~]# scp -r /data/www/wp-content 172.31.0.28:/data/www/
# 删除本机的wp-content/uploads
[root@localhost ~]# rm -rf /data/www/wp-content
# 172.31.0.28
# 配置挂载目录
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/exports
/data/www/wp-content/uploads 172.31.0.0/16(rw)
# 启动服务
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start nfs-server
# 测试
[root@localhost ~]# showmount -e 172.31.0.28
Export list for 172.31.0.28:
/data/www/wp-content/uploads 172.31.0.0/16(rw)
# 172.31.0.17
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data/www -p
# 172.31.0.7
[root@localhost ~]# scp -r /data/www/* 172.31.0.17:/data/www/
# 在两台nginx挂载到nfs
临时挂载
[root@localhost ~]# mount -t nfs 172.31.0.28:/data/www/wp-content/uploads /data/www/
# 永久挂载
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
172.31.0.28:/data/www/wp-content/uploads /data/www/ nfs _netdev 0 0
测试
登录浏览器172.31.0.188 或者使用域名www.wrdlongxuan.vip访问，按照提示安装WordPress即可
如果没有域名，需要自己做本地解析
登录并上传图片测试
# 172.31.0.37 当haproxy挂了看会不会出现VIP漂移，抓包分析（添加组播地址可以方便分析问题）看IP和优先级（prio）
# keepalived
[root@localhost ~]# tcpdump -i eth0 -nn host 224.0.100.100
tcpdump: verbose output suppressed, use -v or -vv for full protocol decode
listening on eth0, link-type EN10MB (Ethernet), capture size 262144 bytes
19:02:15.558135 IP 172.31.0.37 > 224.0.100.100: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 88, prio 80, authtype simple, intvl 1s, length 20
19:02:15.558540 IP 172.31.0.27 > 224.0.100.100: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 88, prio 100, authtype simple, intvl 1s, length 20
19:02:16.560621 IP 172.31.0.27 > 224.0.100.100: VRRPv2, Advertisement, vrid 88, prio 100, authtype simple, intvl 1s, length 20
把haproxy主停止看看VIP是否会飘移到其他backup机器，结果如下
# 172.31.0.27
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop haproxy
[root@localhost ~]# hostname -I
172.31.0.27
# 172.31.0.37
[root@localhost ~]# hostname -I
172.31.0.37 172.31.0.188
停止nginx，检查页面是否受到影响（http:/172.31.0.188）
# 172.31.0.7
[root@localhost ~]# killall nginx
报错
先抓包分析原因：keepalived配置文件里添加组播IP地址可以方便分析问题
vip 在一台机器重复来回漂移，原因是因为没有安装kill命令（keepalived的haproxy脚本需要killall命令），安装重启服务即可
[root@localhost ~]# while :;do hostname -I ;sleep 0.5;done
172.31.0.37
172.31.0.37
172.31.0.37
172.31.0.37 172.31.0.188
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# 使用
[root@localhost ~]# killall
-bash: killall: command not found
# 安装killall命令
[root@localhost ~]# yum install psmisc -y