C/C++ Basics-->about #define, const

1.
    In C programming, the normal use of #define is to declare an constant vairiable. But it's been replaced by const.
C: #define X 100   ----> C++: const int x=100;

2.
    #define can also define Macro with parameters. But its functionality can also be replaced by inline function with C++
C: #define MAX(a,b) ((a)>(b)?(a):(b))
C++: inline int max(int a,int b){ return a>b?a:b;}

3.
    #define is most used in conditional compling. the conditional compling instruction includes:#if,#else,#endif,#ifdef,#ifndef,#undef.
    it always be used to avoid the head file being referenced more than once.
    eg.
    #ifndef NULL
        #define NULL ((void*)0)
    #endif

    #ifndef _myheadfile_h
        #define _myheadfile_h
    #endif

 

4.const

const有很多作用，主要可以有以下几种：

1. const int x=10; //定义一个常量 ，该常量分配在静态存储区

2 const int *p;//p是一个常量pointer，只能指向常量，因此不能进行左操作

3 int f(const int x) //表示f函数中不能修改x的值

4 int f(int x) const //这种主要用在类的成员函数的修饰上，表示该函数不会修改类的成员变量。