一、安装C/C++编译器
macOS和主流Linux系统都自带C/C++编译器,Windows系统需要通过安装mingw来获得C/C++编译器
(1)mingw下载地址:https://sourceforge.net/proje...
(2)安装完mingw后,将安装目录添加到用户变量和系统变量中的Path后。bin目录下的文件列表如图:
二、验证C/C++开发环境
打开命令行,输入gcc --verion和g++ --version。如果出现以下输出证明开发环境安装完成:
三、在VS Code中安装C++相关插件
打开VS Code,安装以下插件:
C/C++插件,由微软官方开发维护,提供了丰富的C和C++的开发支持
Code Runner插件:一键运行代码,支持40多种编程语言
CodeLLDB插件:一款用于调试C++的原生插件
由于网络问题,CodeLLDB可能无法在线安装,可以下载CodeLLDB对应的vsix文件进行离线安装
四、进入调试界面添加配置环境
(1)写代码的文件夹下创建了一个.vscode文件夹,.vscode有三个文件,内容如下:
(2)首次调试时,需添加配置环境,选择C++(GDB/LLDB),会自动生成launch.json配置文件
(3)编辑launch.json
{
// Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
// Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
// For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
"version": "0.2.0",
"configurations": [
{
"name": "g++.exe 生成和调试活动文件",
"type": "cppdbg",
"request": "launch",
"program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
"args": [],
"stopAtEntry": false,
"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
"environment": [],
"externalConsole": true,
"MIMode": "gdb",
"miDebuggerPath": "D:\\myMinGW\\minGW\\bin\\gdb.exe", // minGW的安装地址
"setupCommands": [
{
"description": "为 gdb 启用整齐打印",
"text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
"ignoreFailures": true
}
],
"preLaunchTask": "task g++" //修改项
}
]
}
(4)返回cpp文件,按F5进行调试,会弹出:找不到任务“task g++”;这是选择配置任务,会自动生成tasks.json。编辑tasks.json文件
{
// See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
// for the documentation about the tasks.json format
"version": "2.0.0",
"tasks": [
{
"label": "task g++",
"type": "shell",
"command": "D:\\myMinGW\\minGW\\bin\\g++.exe",
"args": [
"-g",
"${file}",
"-o",
"${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"
],
"options": {
"cwd": "D:\\myMinGW\\minGW\\bin"
},
"problemMatcher": [
"$gcc"
],
"group": "build"
}
]
}
注意,launch.json中preLaunchTask的值必须和tasks.json文件中label的值一样
(5)c_cpp_properties.json
{
"configurations": [
{
"name": "Win32",
"includePath": [
"${workspaceFolder}/**"
],
"defines": [
"_DEBUG",
"UNICODE",
"_UNICODE"
],
"compilerPath": "D:\\myMinGW\\minGW\\bin\\g++.exe", //替换为实际安装目录
"cStandard": "c17",
"cppStandard": "c++17",
"intelliSenseMode": "gcc-x64"
}
],
"version": 4
}
五、调试和运行成功
注意
如果调试运行时系统报错:g++ : 无法将“g++”项识别为 cmdlet;则可选择以管理员身份启动VS Code