作者：烧鸡太子爷
来源：恒生LIGHT云社区
前面做了DataX介绍以及安装，下面我们用一个实例来说明下DataX的运行，也整理了一些实际运用的过程中的注意点
DataX运行
运行命令
（1）查看模板：
python ${DATAX_HOME}\bin\datax.py -r 读插件类型-w 写插件类型
举例: mysql导入到orcale数据库 python ${DATAX_HOME}\bin\datax.py -r mysqlreader -w oraclewriter
（2）执行任务（ 通过读json配置文件配置运行）：
python ${DATAX_HOME}\bin\datax.py {json配置文件}举例（从pgsql数据传输到mysql）
（1）查看模板
python datax.py -r postgresqlreader -w mysqlwriter
DataX (DATAX-OPENSOURCE-3.0), From Alibaba !
Copyright (C) 2010-2017, Alibaba Group. All Rights Reserved.
Please refer to the mysqlreader document:
https://github.com/alibaba/DataX/blob/master/mysqlreader/doc/mysqlreader.md
Please refer to the postgresqlwriter document:
https://github.com/alibaba/DataX/blob/master/postgresqlwriter/doc/postgresqlwriter.md
Please save the following configuration as a json file and use
python {DATAX_HOME}/bin/datax.py {JSON_FILE_NAME}.json
to run the job.
{
"job": {
"content": [
{
"reader": { //读入库配置
"name": "postgresqlreader", //数据源名称
"parameter": { //数据库配置信息
"column": [],
"connection": [
{
"jdbcUrl": [],
"table": []
}
],
"password": "",
"username": "",
"where": "" //数据过滤条件
}
},
"writer": { //写入库配置
"name": "mysqlwriter", //数据库名称
"parameter": { //数据库配置信息
"column": [],
"connection": [
{
"jdbcUrl": "",
"table": []
}
],
"password": "",
"postSql": [], //任务执行后操作
"preSql": [], //任务执行前操作
"username": ""
}
}
}
],
"setting": { //基本配置
"speed": { //流量控制
"channel": "" //并发数,提供了通道(并发)、记录流、字节流三种流控模式
}
}
}// 还可以配置脏数据控制等配置
}（2） 根据模板编辑配置
{
"job": {
"setting": {
"speed": {
"channel": 3,
"byte": 1048576
},
"errorLimit": {
"record": 0,
"percentage": 0.02
}
},
"content": [{
"reader": {
"name": "postgresqlreader",
"parameter": {
"username": "authenticator",
"password": "financegtn104",
"column": [
"\"id\"",
"\"name\"",
"\"content_type_id\"",
"\"codename\""
],
"splitPk": "",
"connection": [{
"table": [
"public.auth_permission"
],
"jdbcUrl": [
"jdbc:postgresql://10.20.64.241:5433/finance"
]
}]
}
},
"writer": {
"name": "mysqlwriter",
"parameter": {
"username": "root",
"password": "hundsun1234",
"column": [
"`id`",
"`name`",
"`content_type_id`",
"`codename`"
],
"connection": [{
"table": [
"auth_permission"
],
"jdbcUrl": "jdbc:mysql://10.20.64.151:3306/datax_test"
}]
}
}
}]
}
}（3）执行Job
python ./bin/datax.py ./job/mysql2pgsql.json
DataX (DATAX-OPENSOURCE-3.0), From Alibaba !
Copyright (C) 2010-2017, Alibaba Group. All Rights Reserved.
2020-08-05 13:01:22.518 [main] INFO VMInfo - VMInfo# operatingSystem class => sun.management.OperatingSystemImpl
2020-08-05 13:01:22.524 [main] INFO Engine - the machine info =>
osInfo: Oracle Corporation 1.8 25.181-b13
jvmInfo: Linux amd64 3.10.0-862.11.6.el7.x86_64
cpu num: 8
totalPhysicalMemory: -0.00G
freePhysicalMemory: -0.00G
maxFileDescriptorCount: -1
currentOpenFileDescriptorCount: -1
GC Names [PS MarkSweep, PS Scavenge]
MEMORY_NAME | allocation_size | init_size
PS Eden Space | 256.00MB | 256.00MB
Code Cache | 240.00MB | 2.44MB
Compressed Class Space | 1,024.00MB | 0.00MB
PS Survivor Space | 42.50MB | 42.50MB
PS Old Gen | 683.00MB | 683.00MB
Metaspace | -0.00MB | 0.00MB
2020-08-05 13:01:22.541 [main] INFO Engine -
{
"content":[
{
"reader":{
"name":"postgresqlreader",
"parameter":{
"column":[
"\"id\"",
"\"name\"",
"\"content_type_id\"",
"\"codename\""
],
"connection":[
{
"jdbcUrl":[
"jdbc:postgresql://10.20.64.241:5433/finance"
],
"table":[
"public.auth_permission"
]
}
],
"password":"*************",
"splitPk":"",
"username":"authenticator"
}
},
"writer":{
"name":"mysqlwriter",
"parameter":{
"column":[
"`id`",
"`name`",
"`content_type_id`",
"`codename`"
],
"connection":[
{
"jdbcUrl":"jdbc:mysql://10.20.64.151:3306/datax_test",
"table":[
"auth_permission"
]
}
],
"password":"***********",
"username":"root"
}
}
}
],
"setting":{
"errorLimit":{
"percentage":0.02,
"record":0
},
"speed":{
"byte":1048576,
"channel":3
}
}
}
2020-08-05 13:01:22.557 [main] WARN Engine - prioriy set to 0, because NumberFormatException, the value is: null
2020-08-05 13:01:22.559 [main] INFO PerfTrace - PerfTrace traceId=job_-1, isEnable=false, priority=0
2020-08-05 13:01:22.559 [main] INFO JobContainer - DataX jobContainer starts job.
2020-08-05 13:01:22.560 [main] INFO JobContainer - Set jobId = 0
2020-08-05 13:01:22.676 [job-0] INFO OriginalConfPretreatmentUtil - Available jdbcUrl:jdbc:postgresql://10.20.64.241:5433/finance.
2020-08-05 13:01:22.704 [job-0] INFO OriginalConfPretreatmentUtil - table:[public.auth_permission] has columns:[id,name,content_type_id,codename].
2020-08-05 13:01:22.917 [job-0] INFO OriginalConfPretreatmentUtil - table:[auth_permission] all columns:[
id,name,content_type_id,codename
].
2020-08-05 13:01:22.924 [job-0] INFO OriginalConfPretreatmentUtil - Write data [
INSERT INTO %s (`id`,`name`,`content_type_id`,`codename`) VALUES(?,?,?,?)
], which jdbcUrl like:[jdbc:mysql://10.20.64.151:3306/datax_test?yearIsDateType=false&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&tinyInt1isBit=false&rewriteBatchedStatements=true]
2020-08-05 13:01:22.925 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - jobContainer starts to do prepare ...
2020-08-05 13:01:22.925 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - DataX Reader.Job [postgresqlreader] do prepare work .
2020-08-05 13:01:22.926 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - DataX Writer.Job [mysqlwriter] do prepare work .
2020-08-05 13:01:22.926 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - jobContainer starts to do split ...
2020-08-05 13:01:22.927 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - Job set Max-Byte-Speed to 1048576 bytes.
2020-08-05 13:01:22.929 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - DataX Reader.Job [postgresqlreader] splits to [1] tasks.
2020-08-05 13:01:22.930 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - DataX Writer.Job [mysqlwriter] splits to [1] tasks.
2020-08-05 13:01:22.944 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - jobContainer starts to do schedule ...
2020-08-05 13:01:22.947 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - Scheduler starts [1] taskGroups.
2020-08-05 13:01:22.948 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - Running by standalone Mode.
2020-08-05 13:01:22.955 [taskGroup-0] INFO TaskGroupContainer - taskGroupId=[0] start [1] channels for [1] tasks.
2020-08-05 13:01:22.958 [taskGroup-0] INFO Channel - Channel set byte_speed_limit to -1, No bps activated.
2020-08-05 13:01:22.958 [taskGroup-0] INFO Channel - Channel set record_speed_limit to -1, No tps activated.
2020-08-05 13:01:22.964 [taskGroup-0] INFO TaskGroupContainer - taskGroup[0] taskId[0] attemptCount[1] is started
2020-08-05 13:01:22.967 [0-0-0-reader] INFO CommonRdbmsReader$Task - Begin to read record by Sql: [select "id","name","content_type_id","codename" from public.auth_permission
] jdbcUrl:[jdbc:postgresql://10.20.64.241:5433/finance].
2020-08-05 13:01:23.063 [0-0-0-reader] INFO CommonRdbmsReader$Task - Finished read record by Sql: [select "id","name","content_type_id","codename" from public.auth_permission
] jdbcUrl:[jdbc:postgresql://10.20.64.241:5433/finance].
2020-08-05 13:01:23.365 [taskGroup-0] INFO TaskGroupContainer - taskGroup[0] taskId[0] is successed, used[402]ms
2020-08-05 13:01:23.366 [taskGroup-0] INFO TaskGroupContainer - taskGroup[0] completed it's tasks.
2020-08-05 13:01:32.966 [job-0] INFO StandAloneJobContainerCommunicator - Total 24 records, 803 bytes | Speed 80B/s, 2 records/s | Error 0 records, 0 bytes | All Task WaitWriterTime 0.000s | All Task WaitReaderTime 0.000s | Percentage 100.00%
2020-08-05 13:01:32.966 [job-0] INFO AbstractScheduler - Scheduler accomplished all tasks.
2020-08-05 13:01:32.967 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - DataX Writer.Job [mysqlwriter] do post work.
2020-08-05 13:01:32.967 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - DataX Reader.Job [postgresqlreader] do post work.
2020-08-05 13:01:32.967 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - DataX jobId [0] completed successfully.
2020-08-05 13:01:32.968 [job-0] INFO HookInvoker - No hook invoked, because base dir not exists or is a file: /home/dataX/datax/hook
2020-08-05 13:01:32.968 [job-0] INFO JobContainer -
[total cpu info] =>
averageCpu | maxDeltaCpu | minDeltaCpu
-1.00% | -1.00% | -1.00%
[total gc info] =>
NAME | totalGCCount | maxDeltaGCCount | minDeltaGCCount | totalGCTime | maxDeltaGCTime | minDeltaGCTime
PS MarkSweep | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.000s | 0.000s | 0.000s
PS Scavenge | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.000s | 0.000s | 0.000s
2020-08-05 13:01:32.969 [job-0] INFO JobContainer - PerfTrace not enable!
2020-08-05 13:01:32.969 [job-0] INFO StandAloneJobContainerCommunicator - Total 24 records, 803 bytes | Speed 80B/s, 2 records/s | Error 0 records, 0 bytes | All Task WaitWriterTime 0.000s | All Task WaitReaderTime 0.000s | Percentage 100.00%
2020-08-05 13:01:32.969 [job-0] INFO JobContainer -
任务启动时刻 : 2020-08-05 13:01:22
任务结束时刻 : 2020-08-05 13:01:32
任务总计耗时 : 10s
任务平均流量 : 80B/s
记录写入速度 : 2rec/s
读出记录总数 : 24
读写失败总数 : 0 DataX-Web运行
编辑操作太麻烦？是否有如ketter一样提供图形界面生产配置文件，是否有任务统一管理？
DataX Web是DataX的集成可视化页面系统，选择数据源即可一键生成数据同步任务，支持批量创 建RDBMS数据同步任务，集成开源调度系统，支持分布式、增量同步数据、实时查看运行日志、监控执行器资源、KILL运行进程等 相较于kettle，DataX-Web直接通过页面一键生成任务，实时查看运行情况，同步效率更快等优势
（1）环境准备
*
MySQL (5.5+) 必选，对应客户端可以选装, Linux服务上若安装mysql的客户端可以通过部署脚本快速初始化数据库
*
JDK (1.8.0_xxx) 必选
*
DataX 必选
*
Python (2.x) (支持Python3需要修改替换datax/bin下面的三个python文件，替换文件在doc/datax-web/datax-python3下) 必选，主要用于调度执行底层DataX的启动脚本，默认的方式是以Java子进程方式执行DataX，用户可以选择以Python方式来做自定义的改造
（2）安装
1、源码编译 2、官方编译好的包。
解压包后，进入解压后的目录，找到bin目录下面的install.sh文件，如果选择交互式的安装，则直接执行./bin/install.sh注意点：
官网的数据库脚本安装的job_info表缺少user_id字段，界面点击的时候会报错找不到user_id字段错误，手动增加user_id字段，类型为int，长度为11。
Alert （ALTER TABLE job_info ADD user_id int(11)；）详细参考教程：https://github.com/WeiYe-Jing...
安装包说明
最后在浏览器输入IP：port就可以看到DataX-Web的页面了
DataX和kettle对比
1）Kettle拥有自己的管理控制台，可以直接在客户端进行etl任务制定，不过是CS架构，而不支持BS浏览器模式。DataX并没有界面（DataX-Web已经扩展，支持BS）
2）支持的数据库，都支持的比较齐全，kettle支持的应该更多，DataX是阿里开发，可以更好地支持阿里自身的数据库系列，如ODPS、ADS等
3）Kettle已经加入BI组织Pentaho，加入后kettle的开发粒度和被关注度更进一步提升
4）DataX开源的支持粒度不高，关注度远没有kettle高，代码提交次数更是少的很。
5） 根据网上参考信息，网友测试 kettle全量抽取较大数据量时，抽取时间长，对比测试 datax比kettle快。
其他
- DataX插件开源还支撑其他扩展，可以下载源码自己编译：
Datax支持ElasticSearch Reader （官方已经支撑Writer，但不支持Reader）
Datax 支持增量 postgresql writeMode update
Datax支持Redis Writer
扩展源码下载地址：https://github.com/WeiYe-Jing... PostgreSql没有支持增量配置，针对有修改的增量数据可以采用将增量数据放在临时表中（与目标表同库），通过表比对将修改的数据删除再插入，新增数据直接插入
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