Docker容器使用静态独立的外部IP(便于集群组建)

http://my.oschina.net/gudaoxuri/blog/513923

需要使用Docker虚拟化Hadoop/Spark等测试环境,并且要可以对外提供服务,要求是完全分布式的部署(尽量模拟生产环境)。那么我们会遇到几个问题:

Container IP 是动态分配的
Container IP 是内部IP,外部无法访问(如对外提供HDFS服务可能会遇到Client无法访问DataNode,因为DataNode注册的是内部IP)
针对第一个问题有不少的方案,可以指定静态的IP,对第二个问题,我们可以使用--net=host解决,但这会导致对外只有一个IP,集群各个Slave的端口都要修改。至于pipework简单地看了下,好像也解决不了。

所以目前看上去只能使用看上去不是很优雅的方案解决,如下:

Solution

方法很简单:为Docker宿主网卡绑定多个IP,把这些IP分配给不同的容器。

//这是示例,我是在windows下用Docker toolbox运行的
[email protected]:~# ifconfig
docker0   Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 02:42:8C:8E:80:F1  
          inet addr:172.17.42.1  Bcast:0.0.0.0  Mask:255.255.0.0
          UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)

eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:24:D1:F5  
          inet addr:10.0.2.15  Bcast:10.0.2.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe24:d1f5/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:222 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:164 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:32277 (31.5 KiB)  TX bytes:28136 (27.4 KiB)

eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:76:1D:9B  
          inet addr:192.168.99.100  Bcast:192.168.99.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe76:1d9b/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:66 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:64 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:9001 (8.7 KiB)  TX bytes:10469 (10.2 KiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:16 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:1152 (1.1 KiB)  TX bytes:1152 (1.1 KiB)

//eth1网卡是可以与外部交互,所以我们添加IP到这个网卡上
//第一步:添加了两个IP           
[email protected]:~# ifconfig eth1:0 192.168.99.10 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
[email protected]:~# ifconfig eth1:1 192.168.99.11 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
//再次查看,多了两个IP
[email protected]:~# ifconfig
...

eth1      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:76:1D:9B  
          inet addr:192.168.99.100  Bcast:192.168.99.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe76:1d9b/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:2258 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:1685 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:207033 (202.1 KiB)  TX bytes:209587 (204.6 KiB)

eth1:0    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:76:1D:9B  
          inet addr:192.168.99.10  Bcast:192.168.99.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1

eth1:1    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:76:1D:9B  
          inet addr:192.168.99.11  Bcast:192.168.99.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
...

//第二步:运行容器,指定IP,这里的示例容器开启的SSH服务,后面拿它测试
[email protected]:~# docker run -d -p 192.168.99.10:222:22 --name ssh1 gudaoxuri/scala-2.11-env
[email protected]:~# docker run -d -p 192.168.99.11:222:22 --name ssh2 gudaoxuri/scala-2.11-env
[email protected]:~# docker ps
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE                      COMMAND               CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                       NAMES
ab024af9c954        gudaoxuri/scala-2.11-env   "/usr/sbin/sshd -D"   4 seconds ago       Up 3 seconds        192.168.99.11:222->22/tcp   ssh2
259351134d16        gudaoxuri/scala-2.11-env   "/usr/sbin/sshd -D"   15 seconds ago      Up 14 seconds       192.168.99.10:222->22/tcp   ssh1

//测试连接,在Docker宿主机上SSH到第一个容器
[email protected]:~# ssh 192.168.99.10 -p222
The authenticity of host '[192.168.99.10]:222 ([192.168.99.10]:222)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is ac:fe:4b:89:f8:51:b7:e9:9c:34:62:f9:80:38:4b:bf.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[192.168.99.10]:222' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
[email protected]'s password: 
Last login: Wed Oct  7 13:12:35 2015 from 192.168.99.1
//成功进入
[[email protected] ~]# 
//在第一个容器中SSH到第二个容器
[[email protected] ~]# ssh 192.168.99.11 -p222
[email protected]'s password: 
Last login: Wed Oct  7 13:14:53 2015 from 172.17.42.1
//也OK了
[[email protected] ~]#

Reference

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/25036895/how-to-expose-docker-containers-ip-and-port-to-outside-docker-host-without-port/25041782#25041782

http://dl528888.blog.51cto.com/2382721/1604167

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