keepalived-1.2.9集群的安装及配置

说明:
一、目        的:本文实现的Linux集群是基于Keepalived-1.2.9软件实现,
二、难        点:实现虚拟IP(VIP)自动切换的同时,还要同时实现虚拟MAC地址(VMAC)的切换,即无论集群中的Host如何切换,对外访问的IP和MAC始终不变
三、适用环境:当对外路由或交换机绑定主机MAC时适用
四、说        明:若无须对外绑定MAC地址,则大可简化如下配置
 
1. 环境及软件:
  1) 系统:Debian6  amd64
  2) 内核:linux 3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64
  3) 软件:keepalived-1.2.9
 
2. 配置:
   MASTER设备IP: eth0: 10.10.1.200/24  eth1:192.168.61.253/21
BACKUP设备IP: eth0: 10.10.1.100/24  eth1:192.168.61.252/21
   VIP: 192.168.61.248/21
 
3. 安装步骤:
  1)升级当前Debian系统内核linux 2.6.32
     a) 修改Debian源文件/etc/apt/sources.list,添加一个向后兼容的源(源地址如下)
          deb http://ftp.cn.debian.org/debian-backports squeeze-backports main
        
     b) 更新Debian源文件关联并升级系统内核至3.2.0
        # aptitude update
        # aptitude -t squeeze-backports install linux 3.2.0-0.bpo.4-amd64
        如果编译NVDIA的官方驱动的话,还要装:

        # aptitude -t squeeze-backports install linux-headers-3.2.0.bpo.4-amd64


  2) 安装keepalived-1.2.9
     a) 首先要安装keepalived所依赖的组件
        # aptitude install make gcc libpopt-dev libnl-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev


     b) 将keepalived-1.2.9.tar.gz文件拷贝到/usr/local/soft下,解压,编译并安装到/usr/local/keepalived

        # mkdir /usr/local/soft
        通过ftp将文件拷贝至/usr/local/soft
        # cd /usr/local/soft
        # tar zxvf keepalived-1.2.9.tar.gz
        # cd keepalived-1.2.9
        # ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
        # make && make install


     c) 重置keepalived相关文件,以便开机自动启动

        # cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin
        # mkdir /etc/sysconfig
        # cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig
        # cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/
      d) 修改keepalived启动脚本
        # nano /etc/init.d/keepalived
            修改/etc/init.d/keepalived文件,部分片段如下( 蓝色标记为注释内容,红色标记为修改内容):
                    ……
            #. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
            . /lib/lsb/init-functions
            # Source configuration file (we set KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS there)
            . /etc/sysconfig/keepalived
            RETVAL=0
            prog="keepalived"
            start() {
                    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
                     # keepalived ${KEEPALIVED_OPTIONS}
                      keepalived -D
                     RETVAL=$?
                     echo
                     [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch  /var/lock/$prog
            }
            stop() {
                     echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
                     killproc keepalived
                     RETVAL=$?
                     echo
                     [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f  /var/lock/$prog
             }
             ……
              condrestart)
              if [ -f /var/lock/$prog ]; then
                          stop
                          start
              fi
              ;;
             ……
       e) 网卡配置参数
           修改文件/etc/sysctl.conf,添加如下内容:
           net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_ignore = 1
           net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce = 1
           net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_filter = 0
           net.ipv4.conf.eth0.arp_filter = 1        
       f) 在/etc/keepalived下创建keepalived配置文件keepalived.conf
        # mkdir /etc/keepalived
        # nano /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
         global_defs {
            notification_email {
                [email protected]             
            }
            notification_email_from [email protected]
            smtp_server 192.168.1.5
            smtp_connect_timeout 30
            router_id  LVS_DEVEL_11  #与backup配置不相同的任意合法字符串
        }
 
        vrrp_instance VI_1 {
            state MASTER                 #backup机器配置为BACKUP
            interface eth1                  #绑定的网卡名称
            virtual_router_id 250      #必须与backup机器配置相同
            use_vmac                        #名字可为任意合法字符串(默认字符串 vrrp.${virtual_router_id} 此处默认使用vrrp.250)
            priority 200                       #优先级,要比backup机器高至少50
            advert_int 1
            authentication {
               auth_type PASS       #授权类型,必须与backup相同
               auth_pass 1111        #授权密码,必须与backup相同
            }
            virtual_ipaddress {
                192.168.61.249/21    #虚拟ip地址,必须与backup相同
            }
            notify_master /usr/local/keepalived/script/vmac_tweak.sh
        }
     e)创建脚本
           脚本/usr/local/keepalived/script/vmac_tweak.sh
           # mkdir /usr/local/keepalived/script
           # touch /usr/local/keepalived/script/vmac_tweak.sh
           脚本内容如下:
           #!/bin/bash
           echo  "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/uvmac/arp_filter
           echo  "1" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/uvmac/accept_local
3) 启动keepalived
     # invoke-rc.d keepalived start
4) 测试keepalived
     a)  MASTER启动时,查看日志/var/log/messages,显示keepalived进入MASTER状态同理,BACKUP机器将进入BACKUP状态 
     b)  当MASTER机器down掉时,查看BACKUP机器日志,显示keepalived进入MASTER,当MASTER重新启动时,MASTER机器进入MASTER状态而BACKUP机器keepalived重新进入BACKUP状态,此时表示keepalived安装测试已成功!
 
 
 
 
作者:u012460952 发表于2013-11-12 16:59:26 原文链接
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