使用Python获取天气信息

思路

这里抓取的是中国天气网的数据，它是个静态页面，请求的URL是：

http://d1.weather.com.cn/sk_2d/101190101.html?_=1527152861827

两个变量，一个是html前的一串数字，这个数字代表一个城市，因此我们需要城市名和数字编号的转换关系。后面一串数字很明显是当前时间。

该请求会返回一个字典，每个key的命名还是很容易猜到其意义的，就不多说了。

代码

weather-result.jpg

weather.py

import re
import Sqlite3api as sqlite3
import Configure as Configs
import requests
from random import choice
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import time
import ast

def import_data():
    with open('cityWeather18-03-4.sql', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as file:
        content = file.read()

    pattern = re.compile('(\d+),\'(.*?)\',\'(\d+)\'',re.S)
    data = pattern.findall(content)
    print ("Retrieve {0:d} weather codes.".format(len(data)))

    conn = sqlite3.sqlite3_init()

    for d in data:
        print (d)
        sql = "INSERT INTO weather VALUES ({0:s},'{1:s}',{2:s})".format(d[0], d[1].strip(),d[2])
        sqlite3.sqlite3_execute(conn, sql)

    sqlite3.sqlite3_close(conn)

def get_citycode_by_cityname(cityname):
    conn = sqlite3.sqlite3_init()

    ret = sqlite3.sqlite3_execute(conn, "select cityname, citycode from weather WHERE cityname LIKE '%{0:s}%'".format(cityname))

    sqlite3.sqlite3_close(conn)

    return ret

def get_weather_by_citycode(citycode):
    url = "http://d1.weather.com.cn/sk_2d/{0:d}.html?_={1:d}".format(citycode, int(time.time()*1000))

    header = {}
    header['user-agent'] = choice(Configs.FakeUserAgents)
    header['Referer'] = "http://www.weather.com.cn/weather1d/101190101.shtml"

    try:
        response = requests.get(url, headers=header)
        content = ''
        if response.status_code == requests.codes.ok:
            response.encoding = 'utf-8'
            content = response.text
    except Exception as e:
        print (e)

    pattern = re.compile('{(.*?)}', re.S)
    data = pattern.findall(content)[0]
    data = ast.literal_eval("{"+data+"}")

    print ("城市:", data.get('cityname'))
    print ("日期:", data.get('date'))
    print ("时间:", data.get('time'))
    print ("摄氏温度:", data.get('temp'))
    print ("华氏温度:", data.get('tempf'))
    print ("天气:", data.get('weather'))
    print ("湿度:", data.get('SD'))
    print ("风向:", data.get('WD'))
    print ("风级:", data.get('WS'))
    print ("空气质量:", data.get('aqi'))
    print ("空气质量PM2.5:", data.get('aqi_pm25'))



def main():
    while True:
        print ("-"*80)
        cityname = input("请输入要查询的城市名: ")

        ret = get_citycode_by_cityname(cityname)

        if not ret:
            print ("没有找到该城市，请重新输入。")
            continue
        
        if 1 == len(ret):
            get_weather_by_citycode(int(ret[0][1]))
            continue

        cnt = 1
        table = PrettyTable()
        table.field_names = ["编号", "城市名字"]
        table.sortby = "编号"

        for r in ret:
            table.add_row([cnt, r[0]])
            cnt += 1

        print (table)

        code = int(input("找到不只一个城市，请输入其编号: "))
        get_weather_by_citycode(int(ret[code-1][1]))
    


if __name__ == '__main__':
    #import_data()
    main()