忽略循环引用
在 .NET 5 中，如果存在循环依赖, 那么序列化的时候会抛出异常, 而在 .NET 6 中, 你可以选择忽略它。
Category dotnet = new()
{
Name = ".NET 6",
};
Category systemTextJson = new()
{
Name = "System.Text.Json",
Parent = dotnet
};
dotnet.Children.Add(systemTextJson);
JsonSerializerOptions options = new()
{
ReferenceHandler = ReferenceHandler.IgnoreCycles,
WriteIndented = true
};
string dotnetJson = JsonSerializer.Serialize(dotnet, options);
Console.WriteLine($"{dotnetJson}");
public class Category
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public Category Parent { get; set; }
public List Children { get; set; } = new();
}
// 输出:
// {
// "Name": ".NET 6",
// "Parent": null,
// "Children": [
// {
// "Name": "System.Text.Json",
// "Parent": null,
// "Children": []
// }
// ]
// }
序列化和反序列化通知
在 .NET 6 中，System.Text.Json 公开序列化和反序列化的通知。
有四个新接口可以根据您的需要进行实现：
- IJsonOnDeserialized
- IJsonOnDeserializing
- IJsonOnSerialized
- IJsonOnSerializing
Product invalidProduct = new() { Name = "Name", Test = "Test" };
JsonSerializer.Serialize(invalidProduct);
// The InvalidOperationException is thrown
string invalidJson = "{}";
JsonSerializer.Deserialize(invalidJson);
// The InvalidOperationException is thrown
class Product : IJsonOnDeserialized, IJsonOnSerializing, IJsonOnSerialized
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public string Test { get; set; }
public void OnSerialized()
{
throw new NotImplementedException();
}
void IJsonOnDeserialized.OnDeserialized() => Validate(); // Call after deserialization
void IJsonOnSerializing.OnSerializing() => Validate(); // Call before serialization
private void Validate()
{
if (Name is null)
{
throw new InvalidOperationException("The 'Name' property cannot be 'null'.");
}
}
}
序列化支持属性排序
在 .NET 6 中, 添加了 JsonPropertyOrderAttribute 特性，允许控制属性的序列化顺序，以前，序列化顺序是由反射顺序决定的。
Product product = new()
{
Id = 1,
Name = "Surface Pro 7",
Price = 550,
Category = "Laptops"
};
JsonSerializerOptions options = new() { WriteIndented = true };
string json = JsonSerializer.Serialize(product, options);
Console.WriteLine(json);
class Product : A
{
[JsonPropertyOrder(2)]
public string Category { get; set; }
[JsonPropertyOrder(1)]
public decimal Price { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
[JsonPropertyOrder(-1)]
public int Id { get; set; }
}
class A
{
public int Test { get; set; }
}
// 输出:
// {
// "Id": 1,
// "Name": "Surface Pro 7",
// "Price": 550,
// "Category": "Laptops"
// }
使用 Utf8JsonWriter 编写 JSON
.NET 6 增加了 System.Text.Json.Utf8JsonWriter，你可以方便的用它编写原始Json。
JsonWriterOptions writerOptions = new() { Indented = true, };
using MemoryStream stream = new();
using Utf8JsonWriter writer = new(stream, writerOptions);
writer.WriteStartObject();
writer.WriteStartArray("customJsonFormatting");
foreach (double result in new double[] { 10.2, 10 })
{
writer.WriteStartObject();
writer.WritePropertyName("value");
writer.WriteRawValue(FormatNumberValue(result), skipInputValidation: true);
writer.WriteEndObject();
}
writer.WriteEndArray();
writer.WriteEndObject();
writer.Flush();
string json = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(stream.ToArray());
Console.WriteLine(json);
static string FormatNumberValue(double numberValue)
{
return numberValue == Convert.ToInt32(numberValue)
? numberValue.ToString() + ".0"
: numberValue.ToString();
}
// 输出:
// {
// "customJsonFormatting": [
// {
// "value": 10.2
// },
// {
// "value": 10.0
// }
// ]
// }
IAsyncEnumerable 支持
在 .NET 6 中， System.Text.Json 支持 IAsyncEnumerable。
static async IAsyncEnumerableGetNumbersAsync(int n) { for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { await Task.Delay(1000); yield return i; } } // Serialization using IAsyncEnumerable JsonSerializerOptions options = new() { WriteIndented = true }; using Stream 输出Stream = Console.OpenStandard输出(); var data = new { Data = GetNumbersAsync(5) }; await JsonSerializer.SerializeAsync(输出Stream, data, options); // 输出: // { // "Data": [ // 0, // 1, // 2, // 3, // 4 // ] // } // Deserialization using IAsyncEnumerable using MemoryStream memoryStream = new(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("[0,1,2,3,4]")); // Wraps the UTF-8 encoded text into an IAsyncEnumerable that can be used to deserialize root-level JSON arrays in a streaming manner. await foreach (int item in JsonSerializer.DeserializeAsyncEnumerable (memoryStream)) { Console.WriteLine(item); } // 输出: // 0 // 1 // 2 // 3 // 4
IAsyncEnumerable 的序列化的动图。
序列化支持流
在 .NET 6 中, 序列化和反序列化支持流。
string json = "{\"Value\":\"Deserialized from stream\"}";
byte[] bytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(json);
// Deserialize from stream
using MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(bytes);
Example desializedExample = JsonSerializer.Deserialize(ms);
Console.WriteLine(desializedExample.Value);
// 输出: Deserialized from stream
// ==================================================================
// Serialize to stream
JsonSerializerOptions options = new() { WriteIndented = true };
using Stream 输出Stream = Console.OpenStandard输出();
Example exampleToSerialize = new() { Value = "Serialized from stream" };
JsonSerializer.Serialize(输出Stream, exampleToSerialize, options);
// 输出:
// {
// "Value": "Serialized from stream"
// }
class Example
{
public string Value { get; set; }
}
像 DOM 一样使用 JSON
.NET 6 添加了下面的新类型, 支持像操作 DOM 一样访问 Json 元素。
- JsonArray
- JsonNode
- JsonObject
- JsonValue
// Parse a JSON object
JsonNode jNode = JsonNode.Parse("{\"Value\":\"Text\",\"Array\":[1,5,13,17,2]}");
string value = (string)jNode["Value"];
Console.WriteLine(value); // Text
// or
value = jNode["Value"].GetValue();
Console.WriteLine(value); // Text
int arrayItem = jNode["Array"][1].GetValue();
Console.WriteLine(arrayItem); // 5
// or
arrayItem = jNode["Array"][1].GetValue();
Console.WriteLine(arrayItem); // 5
// Create a new JsonObject
var jObject = new JsonObject
{
["Value"] = "Text",
["Array"] = new JsonArray(1, 5, 13, 17, 2)
};
Console.WriteLine(jObject["Value"].GetValue()); // Text
Console.WriteLine(jObject["Array"][1].GetValue()); // 5
// Converts the current instance to string in JSON format
string json = jObject.ToJsonString();
Console.WriteLine(json); // {"Value":"Text","Array":[1,5,13,17,2]}
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的.NET 6中System.Text.Json的七个特性，希望对大家有所帮助。在此也非常感谢大家对脚本之家网站的支持！