翻译思路拆解 | 2020年CATTI笔译实务中译英,倒数第二弹~

去年的CATTI笔译就要写完了,这是本系列倒数第二弹哈哈哈哈~

先看无聊的原文:

此外,供给的质量和效益也日益提高,品种结构调优。大豆面积增加了92万公顷。各地积极发展优质稻谷、小麦、大豆、油菜、高产高糖甘蔗等。不少地方推进适应性种植,适 当调减非适应区种植,东北寒冷地区和南方重金属污染区水稻调减20万公顷,小麦调减20万公顷。

第一句

此外,供给的质量和效益也日益提高,品种结构调优。

“调优”和“提高”是近义词,都是改善的意思。这可以先确定一个主句主干,剩下半句放状语。比如the quality and economic benefits of agricultural produce have increased,with an improved mix反之同理:the mix of agricultural produce has been improved,with increasing quality and economic benefits

mix可表示事物的成分的比例结构。

写个参考译文:

Besides, the mix of agricultural produce has been improved, with increasing quality and economic benefits.

第二句

大豆面积增加了92万公顷。

用“92万公顷”作主语,这么多土地被用于大豆?大豆的什么?大豆种植,补充cultivation:

Another 920,000 hectares of land have been dedicated to soybean cultivation.

不增词的话,这个逻辑就不能好了啊……

图片

翻译思路拆解 | 2020年CATTI笔译实务中译英,倒数第二弹~_第1张图片

第三句

各地积极发展优质稻谷、小麦、大豆、油菜、高产高糖甘蔗等。

“积极做某事,大力做某事”,这样的词是政府工作报告里的常客了。Zoe之前也整理过很多表达同样意思、可用于替换的表达:

channel great effort/energy into

着力改革商事制度We channeled great effort into the reform of the business system.

大力调整产业结构We channeled great energy into making adjustments in the structure of industry.

step up

加大结构调整力度,增强发展后劲。We stepped up structural adjustments to make China's development more sustainable.

推进党风廉政建设和反腐败斗争Efforts have been stepped up to improve Party conduct, build a clean government and fight corruption.

increase support to

加大强农富农政策力度We increased policy support to strengthen agriculture, benefit farmers, and raise rural living standards.

work to...

着力大通科技成果转化通道We worked to commercialize research and development deliverables.

intensify/redouble efforts to

深入推进医药卫生改革发展We intensified efforts to reform and develop medical and health care.

大力盘活存量资金redouble our efforts to put government funds on hand into use

devote serious energy to

力争全面完成“营改增”We will devote serious energy to completing work to replace business tax with VAT across the board

put great weight behind

大力发展风电put great weight behind the development of wind power

还有很多,大家平时自己可以积累一下。

“等”这个词,除了表示列举之外,还可以表示列举后煞尾。所以这如果没有翻译出such as,including这个样子,私以为也不是什么大问题。

高产高糖,高……这种词多用复合词表达,比如high-,-rich这种词缀,平时可以注意积累。

说到复合词,其实复合词的组合搭配是有规律可循的。之前在翻译群有总结梳理过,这里大概提一提:

句式复合形容词作定语的,比如:

a never-to-be-forgotten day (永远不会忘记的日子), the still-to-be-discovered elements (有待发现的元素)

由名词加形容词构成的复合形容词:

maintenance-free (无需维修的), toll-free (不交费的), interest-free (无息的)

由动名词加形容词构成的复合形容词

smoking-hot (滚烫的,热气腾腾的) soaking-wet , wringing-wet (湿淋淋的), biting-cold , freezing-cold (冷得刺骨的,冰冷的)

由形容词加形容词构成的复合形容词:

wet-cold (湿冷的), bitter-sweet (又苦又甜的)

重叠词:

tick-tock (时钟的滴答声), flip-flop (脚趾夹着的拖鞋)

说下这句话的结构。可以照原文语序走:

Regions across the country are vigorously cultivating quality varieties such as rice, wheat, soybean, oilseed rape, and high-yielding and sucrose-rich sugarcane.也可以用被动:

Quality varieties of rice, wheat, soybean, oilseed rape, and high-yielding and sucrose-rich sugarcane are cultivated across the country.

第四句

不少地方推进适应性种植,适当调减非适应区种植,东北寒冷地区和南方重金属污染区水稻调减20万公顷,小麦调减20万公顷。

这句好难。一个是句子比较长,另一个是要弄清楚这句话之间的逻辑关系。为什么后面提到东北和南方部分地区?因为前半句和后半句之间存在总分的逻辑联系,不少地方,哪些地方?比如东北寒冷地区和南方重金属污染区;适应性种植怎么个适应法?这些地方水稻减产多少,小麦减产多少。所以拆成两句话来翻译。

“调减种植”,这里要增词,和上文增词cultivation一样,这里也要增词。你看下句提到了两个面积,说明这里可以增面积,调减的是种植面积:acreage。Some regions are advancing/implementing adaptive farming strategies and the acreage of crops not suitable for planting is reduced.

再看后半句。

两个20万公顷,可以合并的,加一个respectively,each之类的词。

讲下形容词的摆放顺序。东北寒冷地区,脑海中要出现这样的语序:寒冷的cold东北地区Northeast China。重金属污染区,结合刚才讲到的复合词的组词规律,这里是不是可以用-contaminated?就避免了定语从句的繁琐。The acreage of rice and wheat dropped by 200,000 hectares respectively in the cold Northeast China and heavy metals-contaminated regions in the south.

未完待续。

虽然平日里小姐姐们工作缠身,更新慢,但每一次,我们都诚意满满。

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