Gradle 命令行

本文讲述Gradle 命令行，默认您已经掌握了相关知识。

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1. 使用帮助

我们可以通过帮助来了解有什么命令或者参数，查看帮助的方式如下：

./gradlew -?
./gradlew -h
./gradlew -help

# 此三者都达到同样的效果
# 效果如下：

USAGE: gradlew [option...] [task...]

-?, -h, --help          Shows this help message.
-a, --no-rebuild        Do not rebuild project dependencies.
-b, --build-file        Specify the build file.
--build-cache           Enables the Gradle build cache. Gradle will try to reuse outputs from previous builds. [incubating]
-c, --settings-file     Specify the settings file.
--configure-on-demand   Configure necessary projects only. Gradle will attempt to reduce configuration time for large multi-project builds. [incubating]
--console               Specifies which type of console output to generate. Values are 'plain', 'auto' (default) or 'rich'.
--continue              Continue task execution after a task failure.
-D, --system-prop       Set system property of the JVM (e.g. -Dmyprop=myvalue).
-d, --debug             Log in debug mode (includes normal stacktrace).
--daemon                Uses the Gradle Daemon to run the build. Starts the Daemon if not running.
--foreground            Starts the Gradle Daemon in the foreground. [incubating]
-g, --gradle-user-home  Specifies the gradle user home directory.
-I, --init-script       Specify an initialization script.
-i, --info              Set log level to info.
--include-build         Include the specified build in the composite. [incubating]
-m, --dry-run           Run the builds with all task actions disabled.
--max-workers           Configure the number of concurrent workers Gradle is allowed to use. [incubating]
--no-build-cache        Disables the Gradle build cache. [incubating]
--no-daemon             Do not use the Gradle Daemon to run the build.
--no-scan               Disables the creation of a build scan. (https://gradle.com/build-scans) [incubating]
--offline               Execute the build without accessing network resources.
-P, --project-prop      Set project property for the build script (e.g. -Pmyprop=myvalue).
-p, --project-dir       Specifies the start directory for Gradle. Defaults to current directory.
--parallel              Build projects in parallel. Gradle will attempt to determine the optimal number of executor threads to use. [incubating]
--profile               Profile build execution time and generates a report in the /reports/profile directory.
--project-cache-dir     Specify the project-specific cache directory. Defaults to .gradle in the root project directory.
-q, --quiet             Log errors only.
--recompile-scripts     Force build script recompiling.
--refresh-dependencies  Refresh the state of dependencies.
--rerun-tasks           Ignore previously cached task results.
-S, --full-stacktrace   Print out the full (very verbose) stacktrace for all exceptions.
-s, --stacktrace        Print out the stacktrace for all exceptions.
--scan                  Creates a build scan. Gradle will emit a warning if the build scan plugin has not been applied. (https://gradle.com/build-scans) [incubating]
--status                Shows status of running and recently stopped Gradle Daemon(s).
--stop                  Stops the Gradle Daemon if it is running.
-t, --continuous        Enables continuous build. Gradle does not exit and will re-execute tasks when task file inputs change. [incubating]
-u, --no-search-upward  Don't search in parent folders for a settings.gradle file.
-v, --version           Print version info.
-w, --warn              Set log level to warn.
-x, --exclude-task      Specify a task to be excluded from execution.

2. 查看所有可执行Tasks

查看那些Task可执行，都具备什么功能。可运行./gradlew tasks，输出如下：

./gradlew tasks


Starting a Gradle Daemon (subsequent builds will be faster)

> Task :tasks

------------------------------------------------------------
All tasks runnable from root project
------------------------------------------------------------

Build Setup tasks
-----------------
init - Initializes a new Gradle build.
wrapper - Generates Gradle wrapper files.

Help tasks
----------
buildEnvironment - Displays all buildscript dependencies declared in root project 'GradleNotes'.
components - Displays the components produced by root project 'GradleNotes'. [incubating]
dependencies - Displays all dependencies declared in root project 'GradleNotes'.
dependencyInsight - Displays the insight into a specific dependency in root project 'GradleNotes'.
dependentComponents - Displays the dependent components of components in root project 'GradleNotes'. [incubating]
help - Displays a help message.
model - Displays the configuration model of root project 'GradleNotes'. [incubating]
projects - Displays the sub-projects of root project 'GradleNotes'.
properties - Displays the properties of root project 'GradleNotes'.
tasks - Displays the tasks runnable from root project 'GradleNotes'.

To see all tasks and more detail, run gradlew tasks --all

To see more detail about a task, run gradlew help --task 


BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 7s
1 actionable task: 1 executed

3. Gradle Help任务

Gradle内置了一个help task,可以让我们了解每一个Task的使用帮助，用法./gradlew help —task ,如下：

./gradlew help --task tasks

> Task :help
Detailed task information for tasks

Path
     :tasks

Type
     TaskReportTask (org.gradle.api.tasks.diagnostics.TaskReportTask)

Options
     --all     Show additional tasks and detail.

Description
     Displays the tasks runnable from root project 'GradleNotes'.

Group
     help

BUILD SUCCESSFUL in 1s

4. 强制刷新依赖

在很多情况下我们需要强制属性依赖的第三方库，可使用如下命令：

./gradlew --refresh-dependencies assemble

5. 多任务调用

在我们执行多任务时，例如执行jar之前先clean，只需按顺序空格分开，如下：

./gradlew clean jar
# 有更多任务时可继续添加

6. 通过任务名缩写执行

Gradle 提供了基于驼峰命名的缩写调用，如doCheck任务，可执行如下命令：

./gradlew doCheck
./gradlew dc
# 两者作用等同

其他诸多有用的命令、参数、tasks,可以通过上面的帮助方法来了解

到这Gradle 命令行就简单介绍完了，后续我们再学习新的Gradle知识，更多内容 XiMiMax -- http://www.ximimax.cn/ 欢迎持续关注