Git 上 SSH 的使用

Git 用户名、邮箱配置

$ git config --global user.name "xxxx"
$ git config --global user.email "[email protected]"

编辑完成后，在 User 目录下，可以看到 .gitconfig 文件。里面包含有 git 配置信息。如下：

$ ls -al .gitconfig 
-rw-r--r--  1 Jack  staff  526 Sep 11 09:28 .gitconfig
$ cat .gitconfig 
[core]
    excludesfile = /Users/jack/.gitignore_global
[user]
    name = xxxx
    email = [email protected]

SSH 密钥配置

$ cd ~/.ssh
$ ls
authorized_keys github_rsa      github_rsa.pub  id_rsa          id_rsa.pub      known_hosts

初识情况下，ssh 目录下没有 id_rsa 与 id_rsa.pub 文件。这时候可以执行以下命令生成该文件。

$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "[email protected]"
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/jack/.ssh/id_rsa): 
/Users/jack/.ssh/id_rsa already exists.
Overwrite (y/n)? y
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /Users/jack/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /Users/jack/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:0cLyHA/lh3QqQc5olWsvctjVMRJjPZbCsREuXvZnIlo [email protected]
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 2048]----+
|       .+oX=..   |
|       *.O+BB    |
|      + @.X=.+   |
|     . [email protected].    |
|       +SoE o o  |
|      o +o.. +   |
|       o..       |
|                 |
|                 |
+----[SHA256]-----+

最后，ssh 密钥生成了。使用 cat 命令查看密钥

$ cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDokhmZsm0SUJUnfcutfogQ6OsAfA29yvN/ePbsdBOIn+/BB6uGP8nR0PbIx/P1OO+trDvBmcaIwxUJ2/pL6P317/xxxxx+tctor+138eBmJdEECD7r/+gK+Xcd5slPt6Y4gYf5ahgTaLNl1mt5OsYFdi3VWsa+JmWbf+UGIgOXy/M5F24FBBf2Ni2Ko2G1ehFkrH3MydeOFc2iuPCLZj7VrFZjtgBfMi7hvKy5F8ToXw67OGkJqi5bKF55vi5iqQw6h285HEa6EaGV xxx@xxxx

添加 ssh 公钥到 github 上。后使用以下命令检验是否正常工作：

$ ssh -T [email protected]
Hi xxx! You've successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not provide shell access.

当出现 xxx 的时候，你已经访问 github 成功了。ps: xxx 是你的用户名