算法入门之字符串（Python）【初级算法——字符串】【蓝桥杯练习】【力扣练习】

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一、反转字符串（简单）

题目：

编写一个函数，其作用是将输入的字符串反转过来。输入字符串以字符数组 s 的形式给出。
不要给另外的数组分配额外的空间，你必须原地修改输入数组、使用 O(1) 的额外空间解决这一问题。

示例 1：

输入：s = [“h”,“e”,“l”,“l”,“o”]
输出：[“o”,“l”,“l”,“e”,“h”]

示例 2：

输入：s = [“H”,“a”,“n”,“n”,“a”,“h”]
输出：[“h”,“a”,“n”,“n”,“a”,“H”]

来源：力扣（LeetCode）
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/reverse-string

分析：

直接将首尾进行交换。

代码：

class Solution:
    def reverseString(self, s: List[str]) -> None:
        """
        Do not return anything, modify s in-place instead.
        """
        n = len(s)
        j = n - 1
        for i in range(n//2):
            x = s[i]
            s[i] = s[j]
            s[j] = x
            j -= 1

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二、整数反转（中等）

题目：

给你一个 32 位的有符号整数 x ，返回将 x 中的数字部分反转后的结果。
如果反转后整数超过 32 位的有符号整数的范围 [−231, 231 − 1] ，就返回 0。
假设环境不允许存储 64 位整数（有符号或无符号）。

示例 1：

输入：x = 123
输出：321

示例 2：

输入：x = -123
输出：-321

示例 3：

输入：x = 120
输出：21

示例 4：

输入：x = 0
输出：0

来源：力扣（LeetCode）
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/reverse-integer

分析：

将数字取绝对值后，转换为字符串，然后直接用切片操作将字符串倒序，然后再将其转换为整形，判断最初的值的正负，确定最后返回值的正负，最后判断是否在范围内后返回值即可。

代码：

class Solution:
    def reverse(self, x: int) -> int:
        y = abs(x) #取绝对值
        y = str(y) #转为字符串
        z = y[::-1] #倒序
        z = int(z) #转为整型
        if x < 0: #判断正负
            z = -z
        if z < (-2) ** 31 or z > 2**31 - 1: #判断是否在取值范围内
            return 0
        return z

三、字符串中的第一个唯一字符（简单）

题目：

给定一个字符串，找到它的第一个不重复的字符，并返回它的索引。如果不存在，则返回 -1。

示例：

s = “leetcode”
返回 0

s = “loveleetcode”
返回 2

提示：

你可以假定该字符串只包含小写字母。

来源：力扣（LeetCode）
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/first-unique-character-in-a-string

分析：

我用了两种方式。

1. 对字符串进行遍历统计每个字符出现的次数并存储，最后遍历一次，返回第一次只出现一次的字符，并将其下标返回。
2. 因为只有小写字母，所以我们可以定义一个 26 * 2 的数组来表示 a – z ，行下标0：a ，行下标1：b ，以此类推。列下标 0 表示每个字母出现的次数，下标 0 后面的用来存储该字母在该字符串中出现的位置。最后遍历二维数组将计数为 1 的下标统计出来，然后进行排序得到下标最小的即为第一次出现的唯一字符。

代码：

第一种：

class Solution:
    def firstUniqChar(self, s: str) -> int:
        count = collections.Counter(s)
        for i, ch in enumerate(s):
            if count[ch] == 1:
                return i
        return -1

第二种：

class Solution:
    def firstUniqChar(self, s: str) -> int:
        n = [[0] for i in range(26)] #二维数组
        count = []  #存储只出现了一次的字符的下标
        for i in range(len(s)):
            x = ord(s[i]) - ord('a')  #用ascll码来判断字符
            n[x][0] += 1 #出现次数统计
            n[x].append(i) #添加下标
        for i in range(26):  #找出只出现一次的字符
            if n[i][0] == 1:
                 count.append(n[i][1])
        count.sort() #下标排序
        if len(count) == 0:
            return -1
        return count[0]    #输出第一个                

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四、有效的字母异位词（简单）

题目：

给定两个字符串 s 和 t ，编写一个函数来判断 t 是否是 s 的字母异位词。
注意：若 s 和 t 中每个字符出现的次数都相同，则称 s 和 t 互为字母异位词。

示例 1:

输入: s = “anagram”, t = “nagaram”
输出: true

示例 2:

输入: s = “rat”, t = “car”
输出: false

提示:

1 <= s.length, t.length <= 5 * 104
s 和 t 仅包含小写字母

分析：

Python可以直接使用函数进行解决。但是不推荐，因为属实有点赖皮了hhh。我是直接使用将字符串排序后，遍历字符串，若有不同则不是异位词，若没有则是。

来源：力扣（LeetCode）
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/valid-anagram

代码：

class Solution:
    def isAnagram(self, s: str, t: str) -> bool:
        return collections.Counter(s)==collections.Counter(t)

class Solution:
    def isAnagram(self, s: str, t: str) -> bool:
        s = list(s)
        t = list(t)
        n = len(s)
        m = len(t)
        if n != m:
            return False
        s.sort()
        t.sort()
        for i in range(n):
            if s[i] != t[i]:
                return False
        return True

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# 五、验证回文串（简单） **题目：**

给定一个字符串，验证它是否是回文串，只考虑字母和数字字符，可以忽略字母的大小写。
说明：本题中，我们将空字符串定义为有效的回文串。

示例 1:

输入: “A man, a plan, a canal: Panama”
输出: true
解释：“amanaplanacanalpanama” 是回文串

示例 2:

输入: “race a car”
输出: false
解释：“raceacar” 不是回文串

提示：

1 <= s.length <= 2 * 105
字符串 s 由 ASCII 字符组成

来源：力扣（LeetCode）
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/valid-palindrome

分析：

不考虑字母的大小写我们可以统一为小写，然后去点字符串中的其余字符，我们可以用 ascll 码来进行过滤。然后再双指针就可以得到结果了。

代码：

class Solution:
    def isPalindrome(self, s: str) -> bool:
        s = s.lower()
        ss = []
        a = int(ord('a'))
        z = int(ord('z'))
        asc0 = int(ord('0'))
        asc9 = int(ord('9'))
        n = len(s)
        for i in range(n):
            x = int(ord(s[i]))
            letter = x >= a and x <= z
            num = x >= asc0 and x <= asc9
            if letter or num:
                ss.append(s[i])
        m = len(ss)
        if m == 0:
            return True
        j = m - 1
        for i in range(m//2):
            if ss[i] != ss[j]:
                return False
            j -= 1
        return True

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六、字符串转换整数（atoi）（中等）

这道题我有单独写文章，见：

https://blog.csdn.net/youngwyj/article/details/122662959

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七、实现strStr()（简单）

题目：
实现 strStr() 函数。
给你两个字符串 haystack 和 needle ，请你在 haystack 字符串中找出 needle 字符串出现的第一个位置（下标从 0 开始）。如果不存在，则返回 -1 。

说明：

当 needle 是空字符串时，我们应当返回什么值呢？这是一个在面试中很好的问题。
对于本题而言，当 needle 是空字符串时我们应当返回 0 。这与 C 语言的 strstr() 以及 Java 的 indexOf() 定义相符。

示例 1：

输入：haystack = “hello”, needle = “ll”
输出：2

示例 2：

输入：haystack = “aaaaa”, needle = “bba”
输出：-1

示例 3：

输入：haystack = “”, needle = “”
输出：0

提示：

0 <= haystack.length, needle.length <= 5 * 104
haystack 和 needle 仅由小写英文字符组成

来源：力扣（LeetCode）
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/implement-strstr

分析：

先判断两个字符串的长度是否合法，即 haystack 长度比 neddle 长或相等。然后从 haystack 的第一个字符开始遍历，如果 haystack 的第 i 个字符与第 neddle 的第一个字符相同，则判断 haystack 后面的字符是否能组成 neddle ，若能则返回下标即可。

代码：

class Solution:
    def strStr(self, haystack: str, needle: str) -> int:
        n = len(haystack) #h长度
        m = len(needle) #n长度
        if m == 0:
            return 0
        if n < m:
            return -1
        
        for i in range(n - m + 1): #遍历h，遍历的长度为h的长度减去n的长度加一，因为长度不够一定组不成n 
            if haystack[i] == needle[0]: #h的第i个字符是否与n的第一个字符相同
                if haystack[i:i + m] == needle: #h后面的m个字符是否与n相同
                    return i
        return -1

八、外观数列（中等）

题目：

给定一个正整数 n ，输出外观数列的第 n 项。
「外观数列」是一个整数序列，从数字 1 开始，序列中的每一项都是对前一项的描述。
你可以将其视作是由递归公式定义的数字字符串序列：

countAndSay(1) = “1”
countAndSay(n) 是对 countAndSay(n-1) 的描述，然后转换成另一个数字字符串。

前五项如下：

1. 1
   

2. 11
   

3. 21
   

4. 1211
   

5. 111221
   

第一项是数字 1
描述前一项，这个数是 1 即 “ 一 个 1 ”，记作 “11”
描述前一项，这个数是 11 即 “ 二 个 1 ” ，记作 “21”
描述前一项，这个数是 21 即 “ 一 个 2 + 一 个 1 ” ，记作 “1211”
描述前一项，这个数是 1211 即 “ 一 个 1 + 一 个 2 + 二 个 1 ” ，记作 “111221”
要 描述 一个数字字符串，首先要将字符串分割为 最小 数量的组，每个组都由连续的最多 相同字符 组成。然后对于每个组，先描述字符的数量，然后描述字符，形成一个描述组。要将描述转换为数字字符串，先将每组中的字符数量用数字替换，再将所有描述组连接起来。

例如，数字字符串 “3322251” 的描述如下图：

示例 1：

输入：n = 1
输出：“1”
解释：这是一个基本样例。

示例 2：

输入：n = 4
输出：“1211”
解释：
countAndSay(1) = “1”
countAndSay(2) = 读 “1” = 一 个 1 = “11”
countAndSay(3) = 读 “11” = 二 个 1 = “21”
countAndSay(4) = 读 “21” = 一 个 2 + 一 个 1 = “12” + “11” = “1211”

提示：

1 <= n <= 30

来源：力扣（LeetCode）
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/count-and-say

分析：

这道题就是统计上个字符串中，相邻相同的数字的个数。可以直接遍历生成。

代码：

class Solution:
    def countAndSay(self, n: int) -> str:
        s1 = ['1']
        count = 0
        for i in range(n):
            m = len(s1[i])
            num = []
            for j in range(m):
                if j != m - 1:
                    if s1[i][j] == s1[i][j + 1]:
                        count += 1
                    else:
                        count += 1
                        num.append(str(count))
                        num.append(s1[i][j])
                        count = 0
                else:
                    count += 1
                    num.append(str(count))
                    num.append(s1[i][j])
                    count = 0
            a = ''.join(num)
            s1.append(a)
        return s1[n - 1]

当然还有，真暴力解法：

class Solution:
    def countAndSay(self, n: int) -> str:
        num = {
            1:"1",
            2:"11",
            3:"21",
            4:"1211",
            5:"111221",
            6:"312211",
            7:"13112221",
            8:"1113213211",
            9:"31131211131221",
            10:"13211311123113112211",
            11:"11131221133112132113212221",
            12:"3113112221232112111312211312113211",
            13:"1321132132111213122112311311222113111221131221",
            14:"11131221131211131231121113112221121321132132211331222113112211",
            15:"311311222113111231131112132112311321322112111312211312111322212311322113212221",
            16:"132113213221133112132113311211131221121321131211132221123113112221131112311332111213211322211312113211",
            17:"11131221131211132221232112111312212321123113112221121113122113111231133221121321132132211331121321231231121113122113322113111221131221",
            18:"31131122211311123113321112131221123113112211121312211213211321322112311311222113311213212322211211131221131211132221232112111312111213111213211231131122212322211331222113112211",
            19:"1321132132211331121321231231121113112221121321132122311211131122211211131221131211132221121321132132212321121113121112133221123113112221131112311332111213122112311311123112111331121113122112132113213211121332212311322113212221",
            20:"11131221131211132221232112111312111213111213211231132132211211131221131211221321123113213221123113112221131112311332211211131221131211132211121312211231131112311211232221121321132132211331121321231231121113112221121321133112132112312321123113112221121113122113121113123112112322111213211322211312113211",
            21:"311311222113111231133211121312211231131112311211133112111312211213211312111322211231131122211311122122111312211213211312111322211213211321322113311213212322211231131122211311123113223112111311222112132113311213211221121332211211131221131211132221232112111312111213111213211231132132211211131221232112111312211213111213122112132113213221123113112221131112311311121321122112132231121113122113322113111221131221",
            22:"132113213221133112132123123112111311222112132113311213211231232112311311222112111312211311123113322112132113213221133122112231131122211211131221131112311332211211131221131211132221232112111312111213322112132113213221133112132113221321123113213221121113122123211211131221222112112322211231131122211311123113321112131221123113111231121113311211131221121321131211132221123113112211121312211231131122211211133112111311222112111312211312111322211213211321322113311213211331121113122122211211132213211231131122212322211331222113112211",
            23:"111312211312111322212321121113121112131112132112311321322112111312212321121113122112131112131221121321132132211231131122211331121321232221121113122113121113222123112221221321132132211231131122211331121321232221123113112221131112311332111213122112311311123112112322211211131221131211132221232112111312211322111312211213211312111322211231131122111213122112311311221132211221121332211213211321322113311213212312311211131122211213211331121321123123211231131122211211131221131112311332211213211321223112111311222112132113213221123123211231132132211231131122211311123113322112111312211312111322212321121113122123211231131122113221123113221113122112132113213211121332212311322113212221",
            24:"3113112221131112311332111213122112311311123112111331121113122112132113121113222112311311221112131221123113112221121113311211131122211211131221131211132221121321132132212321121113121112133221123113112221131112311332111213213211221113122113121113222112132113213221232112111312111213322112132113213221133112132123123112111311222112132113311213211221121332211231131122211311123113321112131221123113112221132231131122211211131221131112311332211213211321223112111311222112132113212221132221222112112322211211131221131211132221232112111312111213111213211231132132211211131221232112111312211213111213122112132113213221123113112221133112132123222112111312211312112213211231132132211211131221131211132221121311121312211213211312111322211213211321322113311213212322211231131122211311123113321112131221123113112211121312211213211321222113222112132113223113112221121113122113121113123112112322111213211322211312113211",
            25:"132113213221133112132123123112111311222112132113311213211231232112311311222112111312211311123113322112132113212231121113112221121321132132211231232112311321322112311311222113111231133221121113122113121113221112131221123113111231121123222112132113213221133112132123123112111312111312212231131122211311123113322112111312211312111322111213122112311311123112112322211211131221131211132221232112111312111213111213211231132132211211131221232112111312212221121123222112132113213221133112132123123112111311222112132113213221132213211321322112311311222113311213212322211211131221131211221321123113213221121113122113121132211332113221122112133221123113112221131112311332111213122112311311123112111331121113122112132113121113222112311311221112131221123113112221121113311211131122211211131221131211132221121321132132212321121113121112133221123113112221131112212211131221121321131211132221123113112221131112311332211211133112111311222112111312211311123113322112111312211312111322212321121113121112133221121321132132211331121321231231121113112221121321132122311211131122211211131221131211322113322112111312211322132113213221123113112221131112311311121321122112132231121113122113322113111221131221",
            26:"1113122113121113222123211211131211121311121321123113213221121113122123211211131221121311121312211213211321322112311311222113311213212322211211131221131211221321123113213221121113122113121113222112131112131221121321131211132221121321132132211331121321232221123113112221131112311322311211131122211213211331121321122112133221121113122113121113222123211211131211121311121321123113111231131122112213211321322113311213212322211231131122211311123113223112111311222112132113311213211221121332211231131122211311123113321112131221123113111231121113311211131221121321131211132221123113112211121312211231131122113221122112133221121113122113121113222123211211131211121311121321123113213221121113122113121113222113221113122113121113222112132113213221232112111312111213322112311311222113111221221113122112132113121113222112311311222113111221132221231221132221222112112322211213211321322113311213212312311211131122211213211331121321123123211231131122211211131221131112311332211213211321223112111311222112132113213221123123211231132132211231131122211311123113322112111312211312111322111213122112311311123112112322211213211321322113312211223113112221121113122113111231133221121321132132211331121321232221123123211231132132211231131122211331121321232221123113112221131112311332111213122112311311123112112322211211131221131211132221232112111312111213111213211231132132211211131221131211221321123113213221123113112221131112211322212322211231131122211322111312211312111322211213211321322113311213211331121113122122211211132213211231131122212322211331222113112211",
            27:"31131122211311123113321112131221123113111231121113311211131221121321131211132221123113112211121312211231131122211211133112111311222112111312211312111322211213211321322123211211131211121332211231131122211311122122111312211213211312111322211231131122211311123113322112111331121113112221121113122113111231133221121113122113121113222123211211131211121332211213211321322113311213211322132112311321322112111312212321121113122122211211232221123113112221131112311332111213122112311311123112111331121113122112132113311213211321222122111312211312111322212321121113121112133221121321132132211331121321132213211231132132211211131221232112111312212221121123222112132113213221133112132123123112111311222112132113311213211231232112311311222112111312211311123113322112132113212231121113112221121321132122211322212221121123222112311311222113111231133211121312211231131112311211133112111312211213211312111322211231131122211311123113322113223113112221131112311332211211131221131211132211121312211231131112311211232221121321132132211331221122311311222112111312211311123113322112132113213221133122211332111213112221133211322112211213322112111312211312111322212321121113121112131112132112311321322112111312212321121113122112131112131221121321132132211231131122211331121321232221121113122113121122132112311321322112111312211312111322211213111213122112132113121113222112132113213221133112132123222112311311222113111231132231121113112221121321133112132112211213322112111312211312111322212311222122132113213221123113112221133112132123222112111312211312111322212321121113121112133221121311121312211213211312111322211213211321322123211211131211121332211213211321322113311213212312311211131122211213211331121321122112133221123113112221131112311332111213122112311311123112111331121113122112132113121113222112311311222113111221221113122112132113121113222112132113213221133122211332111213322112132113213221132231131122211311123113322112111312211312111322212321121113122123211231131122113221123113221113122112132113213211121332212311322113212221",
            28:"13211321322113311213212312311211131122211213211331121321123123211231131122211211131221131112311332211213211321223112111311222112132113213221123123211231132132211231131122211311123113322112111312211312111322111213122112311311123112112322211213211321322113312211223113112221121113122113111231133221121321132132211331121321232221123123211231132132211231131122211331121321232221123113112221131112311332111213122112311311123112112322211211131221131211132221232112111312211322111312211213211312111322211231131122111213122112311311221132211221121332211213211321322113311213212312311211131122211213211331121321123123211231131122211211131221232112111312211312113211223113112221131112311332111213122112311311123112112322211211131221131211132221232112111312211322111312211213211312111322211231131122111213122112311311221132211221121332211211131221131211132221232112111312111213111213211231132132211211131221232112111312211213111213122112132113213221123113112221133112132123222112111312211312112213211231132132211211131221131211322113321132211221121332211213211321322113311213212312311211131122211213211331121321123123211231131122211211131221131112311332211213211321322113311213212322211322132113213221133112132123222112311311222113111231132231121113112221121321133112132112211213322112111312211312111322212311222122132113213221123113112221133112132123222112111312211312111322212311322123123112111321322123122113222122211211232221123113112221131112311332111213122112311311123112111331121113122112132113121113222112311311221112131221123113112221121113311211131122211211131221131211132221121321132132212321121113121112133221123113112221131112212211131221121321131211132221123113112221131112311332211211133112111311222112111312211311123113322112111312211312111322212321121113121112133221121321132132211331121321132213211231132132211211131221232112111312212221121123222112311311222113111231133211121321321122111312211312111322211213211321322123211211131211121332211231131122211311123113321112131221123113111231121123222112111331121113112221121113122113111231133221121113122113121113221112131221123113111231121123222112111312211312111322212321121113121112131112132112311321322112111312212321121113122122211211232221121321132132211331121321231231121113112221121321133112132112312321123113112221121113122113111231133221121321132132211331221122311311222112111312211311123113322112111312211312111322212311322123123112112322211211131221131211132221132213211321322113311213212322211231131122211311123113321112131221123113112211121312211213211321222113222112132113223113112221121113122113121113123112112322111213211322211312113211",
            29:"11131221131211132221232112111312111213111213211231132132211211131221232112111312211213111213122112132113213221123113112221133112132123222112111312211312112213211231132132211211131221131211132221121311121312211213211312111322211213211321322113311213212322211231131122211311123113223112111311222112132113311213211221121332211211131221131211132221231122212213211321322112311311222113311213212322211211131221131211132221232112111312111213322112131112131221121321131211132221121321132132212321121113121112133221121321132132211331121321231231121113112221121321133112132112211213322112311311222113111231133211121312211231131122211322311311222112111312211311123113322112132113212231121113112221121321132122211322212221121123222112111312211312111322212321121113121112131112132112311321322112111312212321121113122112131112131221121321132132211231131122111213122112311311222113111221131221221321132132211331121321231231121113112221121321133112132112211213322112311311222113111231133211121312211231131122211322311311222112111312211311123113322112132113212231121113112221121321132122211322212221121123222112311311222113111231133211121312211231131112311211133112111312211213211312111322211231131122111213122112311311222112111331121113112221121113122113121113222112132113213221232112111312111213322112311311222113111221221113122112132113121113222112311311222113111221132221231221132221222112112322211211131221131211132221232112111312111213111213211231132132211211131221232112111312211213111213122112132113213221123113112221133112132123222112111312211312111322212321121113121112133221132211131221131211132221232112111312111213322112132113213221133112132113221321123113213221121113122123211211131221222112112322211231131122211311123113321112132132112211131221131211132221121321132132212321121113121112133221123113112221131112311332111213211322111213111213211231131211132211121311222113321132211221121332211213211321322113311213212312311211131122211213211331121321123123211231131122211211131221131112311332211213211321223112111311222112132113213221123123211231132132211231131122211311123113322112111312211312111322111213122112311311123112112322211213211321322113312211223113112221121113122113111231133221121321132132211331121321232221123123211231132132211231131122211331121321232221123113112221131112311332111213122112311311123112112322211211131221131211132221232112111312211322111312211213211312111322211231131122111213122112311311221132211221121332211213211321322113311213212312311211131211131221223113112221131112311332211211131221131211132211121312211231131112311211232221121321132132211331121321231231121113112221121321133112132112211213322112312321123113213221123113112221133112132123222112311311222113111231132231121113112221121321133112132112211213322112311311222113111231133211121312211231131112311211133112111312211213211312111322211231131122111213122112311311221132211221121332211211131221131211132221232112111312111213111213211231132132211211131221232112111312211213111213122112132113213221123113112221133112132123222112111312211312111322212311222122132113213221123113112221133112132123222112311311222113111231133211121321132211121311121321122112133221123113112221131112311332211322111312211312111322212321121113121112133221121321132132211331121321231231121113112221121321132122311211131122211211131221131211322113322112111312211322132113213221123113112221131112311311121321122112132231121113122113322113111221131221",
            30:"3113112221131112311332111213122112311311123112111331121113122112132113121113222112311311221112131221123113112221121113311211131122211211131221131211132221121321132132212321121113121112133221123113112221131112212211131221121321131211132221123113112221131112311332211211133112111311222112111312211311123113322112111312211312111322212321121113121112133221121321132132211331121321132213211231132132211211131221232112111312212221121123222112311311222113111231133211121321321122111312211312111322211213211321322123211211131211121332211231131122211311123113321112131221123113111231121123222112111331121113112221121113122113111231133221121113122113121113221112131221123113111231121123222112111312211312111322212321121113121112131112132112311321322112111312212321121113122122211211232221121321132132211331121321231231121113112221121321132132211322132113213221123113112221133112132123222112111312211312112213211231132132211211131221131211322113321132211221121332211231131122211311123113321112131221123113111231121113311211131221121321131211132221123113112211121312211231131122211211133112111311222112111312211312111322211213211321223112111311222112132113213221133122211311221122111312211312111322212321121113121112131112132112311321322112111312212321121113122122211211232221121321132132211331121321231231121113112221121321132132211322132113213221123113112221133112132123222112111312211312112213211231132132211211131221131211322113321132211221121332211213211321322113311213212312311211131122211213211331121321123123211231131122211211131221131112311332211213211321223112111311222112132113213221123123211231132132211231131122211311123113322112111312211312111322111213122112311311123112112322211213211321322113312211223113112221121113122113111231133221121321132132211331222113321112131122211332113221122112133221123113112221131112311332111213122112311311123112111331121113122112132113121113222112311311221112131221123113112221121113311211131122211211131221131211132221121321132132212321121113121112133221123113112221131112311332111213122112311311123112112322211322311311222113111231133211121312211231131112311211232221121113122113121113222123211211131221132211131221121321131211132221123113112211121312211231131122113221122112133221121321132132211331121321231231121113121113122122311311222113111231133221121113122113121113221112131221123113111231121123222112132113213221133112132123123112111312211322311211133112111312211213211311123113223112111321322123122113222122211211232221121113122113121113222123211211131211121311121321123113213221121113122123211211131221121311121312211213211321322112311311222113311213212322211211131221131211221321123113213221121113122113121113222112131112131221121321131211132221121321132132211331121321232221123113112221131112311322311211131122211213211331121321122112133221121113122113121113222123112221221321132132211231131122211331121321232221121113122113121113222123211211131211121332211213111213122112132113121113222112132113213221232112111312111213322112132113213221133112132123123112111311222112132113311213211221121332211231131122211311123113321112131221123113112221132231131122211211131221131112311332211213211321223112111311222112132113212221132221222112112322211211131221131211132221232112111312111213111213211231131112311311221122132113213221133112132123222112311311222113111231132231121113112221121321133112132112211213322112111312211312111322212321121113121112131112132112311321322112111312212321121113122122211211232221121311121312211213211312111322211213211321322123211211131211121332211213211321322113311213211322132112311321322112111312212321121113122122211211232221121321132132211331121321231231121113112221121321133112132112312321123113112221121113122113111231133221121321132122311211131122211213211321222113222122211211232221123113112221131112311332111213122112311311123112111331121113122112132113121113222112311311221112131221123113112221121113311211131122211211131221131211132221121321132132212321121113121112133221123113112221131112311332111213213211221113122113121113222112132113213221232112111312111213322112132113213221133112132123123112111312211322311211133112111312212221121123222112132113213221133112132123222113223113112221131112311332111213122112311311123112112322211211131221131211132221232112111312111213111213211231132132211211131221131211221321123113213221123113112221131112211322212322211231131122211322111312211312111322211213211321322113311213211331121113122122211211132213211231131122212322211331222113112211"
        }
        return num.get(n, None)

---

九、最长公共前缀（简单）

题目：

编写一个函数来查找字符串数组中的最长公共前缀。
如果不存在公共前缀，返回空字符串 “”。

示例 1：

输入：strs = [“flower”,“flow”,“flight”]
输出：“fl”

示例 2：

输入：strs = [“dog”,“racecar”,“car”]
输出：""
解释：输入不存在公共前缀。

提示：

1 <= strs.length <= 200
0 <= strs[i].length <= 200
strs[i] 仅由小写英文字母组成

来源：力扣（LeetCode）
链接：https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/longest-common-prefix

分析：

这道题我是直接以第一个字符串为基准，判断后面的字符串前 i 个字符是否都相同，遇到不同就结束。 按理来说找到最短的应该，我这里就没有在尝试了。

代码：

class Solution:
    def longestCommonPrefix(self, strs: List[str]) -> str:
        for i in range(1,len(strs[0]) + 1):  #字符串的前 i 个字符
            for j in range(1,len(strs)):  #遍历字符串
                if strs[0][:i] == strs[j][:i]:
                    continue
                else:
                    return strs[0][:i - 1]
            if i == len(strs[0]):
                return strs[0]
        return ""

---

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